CO2浓度和温度升高对早稻生长及产量的影响

研究温度升高和CO2浓度增加的气候变化条件对我国主要粮食作物早稻生长及产量的影响对评估国家粮食安全有重要参考意义。采用改进后的开顶式气室原位模拟大气CO2浓度450μL·L-1及温度升高2°C的环境条件对早稻生长及产量的影响,试验设置三个处理(对照、增温、增温+CO2),结果表明:1温度及CO2同增对早稻最终株高有显著增加作用,而仅增温只能加快前期株高增长速度而对最终株高没有影响;2增温处理使最终分蘖数增加2~3茎·穴-1,但在增温条件下增加CO2浓度,分蘖数不再增加;3增加CO2浓度使早稻叶片叶绿素含量略增,但增温处理没有效应;4增温处理对不同时期地上部生物量无显著影响,但增温+CO2处理使各期生物量较对照显著增加;5增温2℃使早稻增产13.3%,而增温基础上再增CO2,产量不再进一步增加。从产量构成因子看,增温或增温+CO2处理条件下早稻增产主要与穗数和每穗粒数增加有关。     

有益微生物组合加菌糠对小白菜生长及土壤养分的影响

采用盆栽试验 ,通过测定小白菜的株高、叶片长、叶比重、叶面积和产量 ,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量 ,研究不同有益微生物组合加菌糠对小白菜生长和土壤养分的影响。结果表明 :施用有益微生物组合加菌糠可以促进小白菜生长、增加其产量和提高土壤养分含量。其中 ,以有益微生物组合链霉菌和巨大芽孢杆菌加菌糠的效果最好。     

大白菜氮素营养的反射仪法快速诊断及应用

应用Merck RQflex 2型反射仪和硝酸根试纸条研究了氮肥施用数量和施用方式对宁夏银川平原复种大白菜产量和品质的影响,并探讨了大白菜硝酸盐与氮肥用量的相关性和速测指标。结果表明,大白菜的产量随施肥量的增加而增加,表现出线性——平台关系;施氮肥提高了大白菜产量和净菜率;关键需肥期进行追肥比传统的基肥加追肥具有显著的增产效果,且收获时体内硝酸盐水平降低;大白菜外叶叶柄硝酸盐含量随施氮量增加而显著增加,但随生育期延长而下降。复种大白菜最佳经济施氮量为572 kg/hm2,叶柄硝酸盐适宜含量为3 485.28 mg/kg。     

狭果秤锤树自然种群分布格局

  目的  揭示狭果秤锤树Sinojackia rehderiana自然种群不同生活史个体分布格局,为该种群的保护提供科学依据。  方法  以自然分布于江西省永修县的狭果秤锤树种群为对象,采用相邻格子样方调查法、空间代替时间和O-ring完全随机零模型法,对狭果秤锤树自然种群不同生活史阶段个体的空间分布格局和空间关联性进行分析,探讨其空间分布格局形成原因。  结果  狭果秤锤树径级结构和高度级结构完整,幼苗和幼树的数量在整个种群中占绝对优势,种群更新状态良好,属增长型种群。狭果秤锤树种群在从幼苗发育到成树的过程中,在小尺度上聚集分布,大尺度上为随机分布至均匀分布;随着龄级的增加,聚集分布趋势减弱。在较小的尺度上,不同生活史阶段个体表现出正相关或不相关,在较大的尺度上则表现为不相关或负相关;负相关性主要表现在幼苗与中树、幼树与中树、幼树与成树间（P < 0.05）。  结论  在自然状态下,狭果秤锤树分布格局受自身生物学特性和种内、种间竞争影响,幼苗和幼树生长受限但数量较多,种群目前尚未达到稳定状态。     

大肠杆菌毒力基因Colv、Stxs和HlyE的PCR检测(英文)

[目的]了解鸡源、猪源、食品源大肠杆菌Colv、Stxs(stx2、stx2e)、HlyE三种致病基因的存在情况。[方法]以44份鸡源、24份猪源、26份食品源的大肠杆菌菌株为试验材料,用PCR扩增方法分别对其Colv、Stxs(stx2、stx2e)和HlyE三种致病基因进行检测。[结果]检测的大肠杆菌菌株中,鸡源大肠杆菌菌株大肠杆菌素基因Colv检出率为25%,猪源大肠杆菌菌株大肠杆菌素基因Colv检出率为4.2%,食品源中没有检出;所有鸡源、猪源、食品源大肠杆菌菌株均没有检出类志贺毒素基因Stx2(Stx2e);鸡源大肠杆菌菌株溶血素E基因HlyE检出率为2.27%,猪源大肠杆菌菌株中没有检出,食品源大肠杆菌菌株溶血素E基因HlyE检出率为7.7%。[结论]大肠杆菌素基因Colv在鸡源和猪源大肠杆菌中有较高的携带率,溶血素E基因HlyE在鸡源和食品源大肠杆菌中也有一定程度的存在。     

土壤固化剂研究现状与展望

阐述了土壤固化剂国内外研究的现状、种类、特点和应用,分析了土壤固化剂的固化机理和固化性能,指出了土壤固化剂研究和应用领域中存在的若干问题及研究方向,最后对其应用前景做了展望。     

Study on Developmental Expression of ApoCⅡ Gene mRNA in Liver Tissues of Pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental patterns of ApoCⅡ gene mRNA in liver in Mashen and Large White pigs, and study the relationship between the expression level of ApoCⅡ and the lipid metabolism in pigs.The mRNA relative expressions of ApoCⅡ gene in liver at seven stages of 1,30,60,90,120,150,and 180-day old in Mashen and Large White pigs were determined by quantitative Real-time PCR.The results showed that the developmental trend of ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver between Mashen and Large White pigs was different.The ApoCⅡ mRNA abundance was decreased from birth to 60-day old,then increased at 90-day old,and decreased again after that in Mashen pig.However,the relative expression amount in Large White pig was gradually decreased from birth to 150-day old and increased again at 180-day old.Except for the ApoCⅡ mRNA expression amount at 1-day old,the differences of the expression amount at other stages in Mashen and Large White pigs were significant or extremely significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver was affected by age and breed,and could play an important role in lipid metabolism in pigs.     

Locomotion Score and Its Impacts on Production Performance and Blood Routine Indexes in Chinese Holstein

To investigate the influencing factors of locomotion score (LS) and its impacts on production performance and blood routine index in Holstein,body condition score (BCS),LS and DHI (dairy herd improvement) of 1 486 lactating cows from two dairy farms,and the blood routine indexes of 101 lactating cows from one farm in Beijing were measured.The fixed model was used to analyze the impacts of herd,parity and lactation stage on LS,and the impacts of LS and BCS on daily milk yield,somatic cell score,milk composition and blood routine indexes in dairy cows.The results showed that both parity and lactation stage had significant impacts on LS.The LS increased with the increase of parit,the LS increased by 0.71 from first lactation to fifth and above lactation.The LS of cow in lactation stage Ⅲ(100-199 d) and Ⅵ (after 350 d) were significantly higher than cow in stage Ⅱ (45-99 d)(P<0.05),and both were higher than 2.The LS had no significant impacts on daily milk yield,milk composition and somatic cell score (P>0.05).However,the milk yield of the cow with LS≥4 was the lowest,and a decrease of 2.29 kg was found compared with the cow with LS=1.Among the various blood routine indexes,LS had significant impacts on red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lymphocyte count (P<0.05),and had no significant impacts on white blood cell count (P>0.05).With the increase of LS,the red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lymphocyte count of cows decreased with different extents.There were some problems on the body immunity and hematopoiesis of cows with poor LS.In dairy farm,regular evaluation of LS could be used to find the management problems of feet and legs,which had a great significance to reduce the loss of production performance and early culling caused by hoof disease.     

呋虫胺及其代谢物UF和DN在水稻上残留行为及其储存稳定性

[目的]研究呋虫胺及其代谢物1-甲基-3-[(3-四氢呋喃)甲基]脲(1-methyl-3-[(3-tetra-hydrofuran)methyl]urea,UF)及1-甲基-3-[(3-四氢呋喃)甲基]二氢胍盐(1-methyl-3-[(3-tet-rahydrofuran)methyl]dihydroguanidi...     

橡胶产业升级与关键技术调研——橡胶树采胶及病虫害防控

通过对我国海南、云南、广东三大植胶区橡胶产业发展情况的调研,简要阐述橡胶采胶及病虫害防控方面的现状。探讨分析橡胶采胶及病虫害方面所面临的采胶技术管理执行不够好,橡胶树割面干涸病防控技术仍未获得突破,橡胶树常规病虫危害日趋严重及新病虫害不断涌现,橡胶栽培技术经济合理性研究不够等问题。提出通过切实做好采胶技术管理,割面干涸病防控技术研发,高效安全的采胶技术及新型刺激剂复方的研发,橡胶树突发病虫害监测预报及应急防控技术,橡胶树根病综合防控及植保药物技术研发等建议,发展提升橡胶产业整体水平。