牛源多杀性巴氏杆菌主要荚膜群和脂多糖基因型两组三重PCR检测方法

为掌握国内牛源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行的主要荚膜群及脂多糖基因型,建立了检测多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)及其A、B荚膜群的三重PCR(PmAB-3PCR)以及检测3个脂多糖基因型的三重PCR(LPS-3PCR)方法,检验了其特异性和敏感性,用感染Pm小鼠的组织和人工污染Pm的牛鼻拭子样品进行了临床模拟检验,并对30株P m进行了PCR检测和传统血清学分型比较。结果显示:PmAB-3PCR特异性好,PmAB-3PCR和LPS-3PCR的DNA检测限分别为10~100 pg和1 ng,二者对菌液的检测限分别为200~2000 CFU和2000~20000 CFU。模拟临床样品PmAB-3PCR检测结果与细菌分离结果100%一致。PmAB-3PCR与琼扩试验的符合率为84%,二者检出的阳性率分别为88%和72%,差异不显著(P>0.05);LPS-3PCR与琼扩试验的符合率为60%,检出的阳性率分别为90%和50%,差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,建立的两组三重PCR方法准确高效且重复性好,可取代常规血清学方法用于国内牛巴氏杆菌病的诊断、流调和疫苗株筛选。     

自由基清除剂的保护作用与甘蔗的抗旱性

用半胱氨酸、二苯胺、巯基乙醇，苯甲酸钠和α-生育酚等五种化合物作为外源自由基清除剂，研究自由基清除剂的保护作用与甘蔗抗旱性的关系。结果表明，外源自由基清除剂预处理降低了水分胁迫下甘蔗叶片细胞的膜脂过氧化程度和膜透性增加的程度，并延缓 甘蔗叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量的下降。这些结果说明外源自由基清除剂在     

不同播种期和GA_3处理对柿种子萌发的影响

不同播种期(当年11月柿果实成熟期、翌年2月和4月)播种的柿种子的自然萌发率显著不同,随着播种期的推迟,种子萌发率不断提高,X~2测验表明,萌发率与播种期显著相关,100×10~6-500×10~6的GA_3处理与对照相比显著或极显著提高了上述各个播种期的小粒柿种子的萌发率,100×lO~6的GA_3对上述3个播种期的小粒柿种子萌发率的影响较强,分别达19.5％,71％和97％,而对照分别为11％,40％和75％,500×lo~6GA_3处理翌年4月播种的大粒柿种,其萌发率为83.5％,而对照为71％,文中还就柿种子是否具有休眠的特性,GA_3促进柿种子萌发的效应在生产上的应用等问题作了讨论。     

干旱胁迫下茉莉酸甲酯对茶苗光合性能的影响

研究了水分胁迫下茉莉酸甲酯(MJ)对茶苗光合作用的改善效应,结果表明,叶面喷施MJ的茶苗在水分胁迫下,体和H2O2含量则较低;经MJ处理的受旱茶苗,叶绿素降解较少,叶绿素—蛋白内SOD和CAT活性比未经处理的高,而O-·2质复合体牢固度与对照接近,而未经处理的茶苗则有较大幅度的改变;MJ处理提高了叶绿体膜系结构稳定性,减缓了受旱苗叶绿体超微结构的损伤,提高了叶片的光合速率.     

甘蔗F_1代糖分性状的遗传

研究了甘蔗F_1代群体6个糖分性状的遗传趋势。结果表明,丛含糖量的表型分布呈现偏向高端的近似正态分布,蔗汁蔗糖分、蔗汁转光度、蔗汁锤度、田间锤度和蔗汁重力纯度的表型分布呈现偏向低端的近似正态分布:丛含糖量的基因型变异系数为33.37％-50.82％。基因型变异范围为0.053-0.298kg;蔗汁蔗糖分的基因型变异系数为4.60％-11.66％,基因型变异范围为8.94％-17.97％;6个糖分性状的广义遗传力均较高,为69.61％-73.21％。     

Hs1 pro-1双子叶表达载体构建和转化大豆研究初报

用从德国引进的抗线虫基因Hs1pro-1构建表达载体并转化大豆,以获得抗线虫转基因植株.提取克隆载体p1832,用Nco 酶切、Klenow补平和Sac 酶切,回收基因片段;提取表达载体pBI121,用Sma 和Sac 酶切,回收大片段;目的片段用T4DNA连接酶连接并转化E.coli,鉴定重组质粒;用基因枪轰击转化大豆品种早熟1号,获得18株再生苗,其中3株经PCR检测呈阳性,通过Southern杂交,证明Hs1pro-1基因已整合到其中2株大豆的基因组中.     

福建大洋人工草地放牧羊补饲矿物质添加剂效果观察

根据大洋人工草地牧草的矿物质元素的含量和放牧羊矿物质元素需要量配制含有8种元素的矿物质添加剂,对放牧的罗姆尼羊和四川麻羊进行补饲试验,结果表明,2种羊的平均日增重、Hb、TSP和血清中Co、P元素的含量试验组都显著高于对照组(P<0.05),四川麻羊全血GSH-PX试验组显著高于对照组,罗姆尼羊血清中Mn、K元素的含量试验组显著高于对照组(p<0.05),2种羊的RBC、PCV、血糖、CP、GSH-PX(罗姆尼羊),以及血液中Sc、Ca、Na、Mg,Mn(四川麻羊)试验组均高于对照组,但差异都不显著,(p>0.05)。     

Characterization and immunogenicity of an apxIA mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the aetiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious and often fatal disease. A candidate live vaccine strain, potentially capable of cross-serovar protection, was constructed by deleting the section of the apxIA gene coding for the C-terminal segment of ApxI toxin of the A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 10 reference strain (D13039) and inserting a chloramphenicol resistance gene cassette. The mutant strain (termed D13039A(-)Chl(r)) produced an approximately 48kDa protein corresponding to the N-terminus of the ApxI toxin, and exhibited no haemolytic activity and lower virulence in mice compared with the parental strain. The mutant was evaluated in a vaccination-challenge trial in which pigs were given two intra-nasal doses of the mutant at 14 days intervals and then challenged 14 days after the last vaccination with either A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 (4074) or serovar 2 (S1536) or serovar 10 (D13039) reference strains. The haemolysin neutralisation titres of the pre-challenge sera were significantly higher in the vaccinated pigs than in the unvaccinated pigs. The mortalities, clinical signs and lung lesion scores in the vaccinated pigs were significantly lower than those in the unvaccinated pigs for the serovar 1 challenge. A significantly lower lung lesion score was also observed in the vaccinated pigs, compared with unvaccinated pigs, for serovar 2 challenge. Our work suggests that the mutant strain offers potential as a live attenuated pleuropneumonia vaccine that can provide cross-serovar protection.     

Preparation of a dicyandiamide-contained novel insulation paper and an experiment on the thermal aging characteristics of relevant oil-paper insulations

In order to study the influence of dicyandiamide added into the insulation paper on the oil-paper insulation during the aging process.The insulation paper containing dicyandiamide and the insulation paper without any stabilizer are prepared. They are immersed in transformer oil separately and placed in the aging chamber with predefined temperature of 130℃ for 31 days to perform thermal aging experiment of oil-paper insulation. The specimens are periodically sampled and some parameters are measured like the degree of polymerization(DP), the breakdown voltage, the nitrogen content, the acidity of insulation oil, and UV-Vis spectrum. The results show that the insulation paper added with dicyandiamide has a distinct anti-aging and anti-breakdown effect and the DP is 58% higher than that of blank sample at the later stage of aging. In the aging process, decline of the nitrogen content of insulation paper is not serious. The oil-paper sample containing dicyandiamide has a far lower value of acidity than that of blank sample, besides the oil color is deeper. Dicyandiamide in the insulation paper improves not only the anti-aging and anti-breakdown properties, but also the performance of oil in the aging process.     

木荷和杉木人工林天然降水、穿透雨和树干茎流DOC和DON 浓度及动态(英文)

尽管溶解有机碳(DOC)和溶解有机氮(DON)在森林养分循环中的作用日渐为人们所关注,但对它们的浓度及动态,特别是对亚热带森林DOC 和DON 的研究甚少。本文于2002 年通过野外天然降水及亚热带木荷和杉木人工林(monoculture plantations of Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata,15 年生)穿透雨和树干茎流各水样的收集及室内各水样中DOC、NO3 -N、NH4 -N 和总溶解有机氮(TDN)浓度的测- +定,其中DON 浓度通过TDN 与NO3 -N、NH4 -N 的浓度差值来计算,- +结果表明,天然降水DOC 和DON 浓度分别为1.7 和0.13 mg·L-1。木荷人工林穿透雨DOC 和DON 浓度分别为11.2 和0.24 mg·L-1,高于杉木人工林的DOC 和DON 浓度(10.3 和0.19 mg·L-1)。杉木人工林树干茎流DOC 和DON 浓度(分别为19.1 和0.66 mg·L-1)明显高于木荷人工林(分别为17.6 和0.48 mg·L-1)。天然降水DOC 浓度的月变化不明显,而DON 浓度在夏季和秋季较高。两林分穿透雨DON 浓度的月动态与树干茎流的十分相似,均在雨季开始时(3 月)浓度增大。两林分穿透雨DOC 浓度在2-4 月间较高,而树干茎流DOC 浓度在9-11 月间较高。图4表2 参24。