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61.
62.
A water-soluble anthraquinone derivative (2-[methylamino-N-(1′-methylethyl)]-9,10-anthraquinone monophosphate), previously found to be selectively toxic towards Planktothrix perornata at submicromolar concentrations, was studied to determine its toxic mode of action towards this cyanobacterium. Chlorophyll fluorescence was monitored as an indicator of photosynthetic efficiency, and measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was performed using the ROS-sensitive probe 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The effects of the herbicide paraquat (a ROS generator) as well as ascorbate and α-tocopherol (ROS scavengers) on ROS formation by P. perornata were studied. Also, the effects of different concentrations of ascorbate, α-tocopherol, and the herbicide diuron on reducing the toxicity of the water-soluble anthraquinone derivative towards P. perornata were determined. Our results indicate that the water-soluble anthraquinone derivative does not inhibit photosynthetic electron transport directly, but does generate ROS at levels that may cause toxicity towards P. perornata. 相似文献
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64.
【目的】 将作物时空分布数据应用于核事故农业风险决策支持系统,体现遥感作物制图在核事故农业风险决策中的重要性。【方法】 文章以大亚湾核电基地为研究案例,对其周边地区的作物轮作系统进行遥感制图;作物时空分布数据经后处理,上传至核事故农业风险决策支持系统,实现作物样本任务的自动生成,以及放射性核素浓度的时空分布模拟。【结果】 提出的遥感制图方法可以在耕地破碎、云雨繁密区识别作物轮作系统,快速、准确地提供大范围作物时空分布数据。经过处理的作物时空分布数据,能够方便地应用于决策支持系统,辅助完成特定或优先区作物样本任务点的自动生成,以及放射性核素浓度时空分布的模拟。【结论】 遥感作物制图与核事故农业风险决策支持系统相结合,可进一步提高采样的有效性,提升放射性核素空间和时间分布模拟与预测的准确性。从而帮助决策者制定核污染监测和评估策略、修复计划,科学指导农业生产的恢复。未来,有必要深入研究遥感作物制图在核事故农业风险决策中的应用,充分发挥遥感技术与数据的优势,规避核事故对农业生产带来的风险。 相似文献
65.
Mohamed Kerkoud Magali Esquibet Olivier Plantard Myriam Avrillon Corinne Guimier Martine Franck Joël Léchappé Rene Mathis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(4):323-332
A technique based on the use of specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the identification
of the stem and bulb nematode belonging to the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex. The internal transcribed spacer region ITS1 and ITS2, the gene 5.8 S and part of genes 18 S and 26 S of
twenty populations of the D. dipsaci species complex belonging to both D. dipsaci sensu stricto and Ditylenchus sp. B (corresponding to populations of giant individuals associated to Vicia faba) and three congeneric species were amplified with two universal ribosomal primers. PCR-amplified DNA samples were digested
with five restriction enzymes in order to reveal some polymorphism allowing the identification of D. dipsaci populations associated with Fabaceae seeds. The polymorphism among species was confirmed by the sequencing of the PCR products.
A primer (DdpS2) was designed in a region conserved in all populations of both D. dipsaci
sensu stricto and D. sp. B studied in the present work. The other Anguinidae species (except a few species from Central Asia associated to Astereaceae
and D. sp. G associated to Plantago maritima) differ in two to four nucleotides at the 3′ extremity of this region. This sequence portion coincides with a TspEI restriction site. In combination with a primer located in the ribosomal region, this first primer is a good candidate for
identification by PCR of populations of the D. dipsaci species complex found in Fabaceae seeds. A second primer (DdpS1) was designed in a similar way and was specific to D. dipsaci sensu stricto. The utility of these two sets of primers is discussed against the background of quarantine regulation. 相似文献
66.
Thierry Franck S Kohnen G Deby-Dupont S Grulke C Deby D Serteyn 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(4):326-334
An original method called SIEFED (specific immunological extraction followed by enzymatic detection) was developed for the specific detection of the activity of equine myeloperoxidase (MPO). The method consists of the extraction of MPO from aqueous solutions by immobilized anti-MPO antibodies followed by washing (to eliminate proteins and interfering molecules) and measurement of MPO activity using a detection system containing a fluorogenic substrate, hydrogen peroxide, and nitrite as reaction enhancer. The SIEFED technique was applied to study active MPO in horse biological fluids and the effects of 2 polyphenolic molecules, curcumin and resveratrol, on MPO activity. The detection limit of the SIEFED was 0.23 mU/ml. The SIEFED exhibited good precision with intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation below 10% and 20%, respectively, for MPO activities ranging from 0.25 to 6.4 mU/ml. The activity of MPO was generally higher than 1 mU/ml in the fluids collected from horses with inflammatory diseases. Curcumin and resveratrol exerted a dose-dependent inhibition on MPO activity and, as they were removed before the enzymatic detection of MPO, the results suggest a direct drug-nzyme interaction or an enzyme structure modification by the drug. The SIEFED is a new tool that would be useful for specific detection of active MPO in complex media and for selection of MPO activity modulators. 相似文献
67.
Myeloperoxidase concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy horses and those with recurrent airway obstruction
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Tatiana Art Thierry Franck Pierre Lekeux Brieuc de Moffarts Laurent Couëtil Martine Becker Serge Kohnen Ginette Deby-Dupont Didier Serteyn 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(4):291-296
The aim of this work was to measure the myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected from horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), both in crisis and in remission, as well as from healthy horses. Seven horses with RAO were exposed to moldy hay until the maximum change in pleural pressure was greater than 1.5 kPa. At that point, BAL was performed, and the total cell counts and percentages in the fluid were immediately determined. To measure the MPO concentration in BAL-fluid supernatant, we used a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antibodies against equine MPO. The tests were repeated on the horses with RAO after they had spent 2 mo on pasture. Six healthy horses serving as controls underwent the same tests. The absolute and relative neutrophil counts and the MPO concentration in the BAL fluid were significantly greater in the horses with an RAO crisis than in the control horses. After 2 mo on pasture, the horses that had been in RAO crisis were clinically normal, and their neutrophil counts and MPO levels in BAL fluid had significantly decreased; during remission their neutrophil counts were not significantly different from those in the healthy horses, but their MPO concentration remained significantly higher. This study showed that determining the MPO concentration in a horse's BAL fluid is technically possible and that during remission from RAO the concentration remains higher than normal. Thus, MPO may be a marker of neutrophil presence and activation in the lower airways. 相似文献
68.
Hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (Lf) Royle] is one of the most serious invasive aquatic weed problems in the USA. This plant possesses numerous mechanisms of vegetative reproduction that enable it to spread very rapidly. Management of this weed has been achieved by the systemic treatment of water bodies with the herbicide fluridone. At least three dioecious fluridone-resistant biotypes of hydrilla with two- to fivefold higher resistance to the herbicide than the wild-type have been identified. Resistance is the result of one of three independent somatic mutations at the arginine 304 codon of the gene encoding phytoene desaturase, the molecular target site of fluridone. The specific activities of the three purified phytoene desaturase variants are similar to the wild-type enzyme. The appearance of these herbicide-resistant biotypes may jeopardize the ability to control the spread of this non-indigenous species to other water bodies in the southern USA. The objective of this paper is to provide general information about the biology and physiology of this aquatic weed in relation to its recent development of resistance to the herbicide fluridone, and to discuss how this discovery might lead to a new generation of herbicide-resistant crops. 相似文献
69.
Anna Radtke David Toe Frederic Berger Stefan Zerbe Franck Bourrier 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(4):485-494
? Context
One eighth of Europe’s forests are still managed as coppice. In some European countries, more than half of the forest exhibits coppice structures from the past or present coppice management. Many of these forests grow in the broadleaf zone of mountainous regions, often on steep slopes. Here, they play an important role in rockfall protection. However, it remains unclear how coppice forests should be structured for optimal rockfall protection or how the protection effect changes during the aging of the coppice.? Aim
A few studies have applied rock trajectory analyses, but so far, no process-based model has been used to quantify the protective effect of differently structured coppice forests. The present study compared 40 coppice patches from two chronosequences in South Tyrol, North Italy, regarding their protective effect against rocks of two sizes using the rockfall simulation model Rockyfor3D.? Results
The results indicate that coppice stands older than 30 years better protect against rockfall than medium-aged and young stands, although the old ones have lower stem densities. Surprisingly, a random stem distribution had a better protective effect than the clumped stem distribution typical for coppice stands.? Conclusion
Implications for future management are discussed in detail, including the relevance of standards in coppice forests. 相似文献70.
Yang GAO Huanping GUO Paul Franck Adjou MOUMOUNI Mingming LIU Jixu LI Artemis EFSTRATIOU Eloiza May GALON Rochelle Haidee YBANEZ Tatsunori MASATANI Takehisa SOMA Xuenan XUAN 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1662
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on recombinant SAG1-related sequence 2 of Toxoplasma gondii (rTgSRS2) was developed to detect toxoplasmosis in cats. The specificity and sensitivity of rTgSRS2 ELISA were confirmed using a series of serum samples from T. gondii-experimentally infected mice. A total of 76 field samples from cats were examined by the developed ELISA. The rTgSRS2 ELISA showed a good diagnostic performance characterized by high concordance (88.16) and kappa value (0.76) with latex agglutination test (LAT). The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 92.68% and 82.86%, respectively. These results suggest that the ELISA based on rTgSRS2 could be a useful tool for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infection in cats. 相似文献