铁皮石斛原球茎富铬培养条件优化（英文）

[目的]为优化铁皮石斛原球茎富铬培养工艺。[方法]通过Plackett-Burman试验对时间、温度、培养基铬浓度、NAA浓度、KT浓度和光照强度等因素进行考察,结果显示时间、培养基铬浓度和光照强度3个因素具有显著效应;接着,通过显著因素的最陡爬坡试验,逼近各因素最佳值区域;最后,进行响应面优化分析。[结果]最佳富铬条件为铬浓度0.37 mg/L、培养时间59 d、光照强度1 822.22 lx。原球茎铬浓度的预测值为5.08 mg/kg。[结论]响应面法能对铁皮石斛原球茎富铬培养条件进行优化分析,获得最佳工艺参数,为进一步的研究奠定基础。     

Effects of different lighting on reproductive system in depressive female rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of different lighting on the reproductive system in depressive female rats. METHODS: Healthy adult female rats were randomly chosen as control group, and the depressive adult female rats in SPF grade were randomly divided into 5 groups(7 rats each):depressive model group, sulfur lamp group, heat radiation lamp group, fluorescent lamp group and LED lamp group. After 45 d of continuous illumination, the estrous cycle was observed by the vaginal exfoliated cells, and the organ indexes of ovary and uterus were calculated. The concentrations of estiadrol(E₂), prolactin(PRL), progesterone(PROG) and testosterone(T) in the serum were detected by ELISA, and the histopathological lesion of ovary was observed under microscope with HE staining. RESULTS: The estrous cycle exhibited serious disorder, the ovaries exhibited serious congestion, and the organ indexes of ovary and uterus and the concentrations of E₂, PRL, PROG and T decreased significantly in the rats in depressive model group compared with control group(P<0.05). The estrous cycle and histopathological damage of ovary were obviously improved, and the concentrations of E₂, PRL, PROG and T were significantly increased after the sulfur lamp lighting in the depressive female rats compared with depressive model group. No obvious change and improvement of the reproductive functions in the heat radiation lamp group, fluorescent lamp group and LED lamp group was observed. CONCLUSION: The reproductive functions of depressive female rats are improved by sulfur lamp lighting.     

Production of syringomycins and syringopeptins by Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens

All virulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens produce in vitro substances with syringomycin-like features. All strains inhibited the growth of Geotrichum candidum in the plate assay although the extent of their growth inhibition was variable.
Purification of bioactive culture extracts of a highly virulent strain by ion exchange chromatography (Whatman CM52) yielded a main fraction which inhibited the growth of Rhodotorula pilimanae and Bacillus megaterium , and was phytotoxic to tobacco and wheat plants. In particular, the injection of this fraction in the culm of wheat plants caused phytotoxic symptoms on leaves similar to those caused in nature by the pathogen. The further purification by HPLC of the above fraction gave rise to four main bioactive substances which have been identified by spectroscopic methods (FAB-MS) and amino acid analysis as syringomycin E, syringomycin G, syringopeptin 25A and syringopeptin 25B, toxic lipodepsipeptides thus far recognized to be produced by most strains of P. syringae pv. syringae . The injection of both syringomycin E and syringopeptin 25A in wheat leaves caused necrotic symptoms; however, syringopeptin 25A was at least six times more active than syringomycin E. The possible role of the toxins in the disease development on cereals and the need for a careful examination of pathogenetic and biochemical features of P. syringae pv. atrofaciens to establish the relationships of the two pathovars in the 'syringae group' are discussed.     

不同光增方式和周期对蛋鸡蛋品质和血液生化指标的影响

研究光增方式和光照周期对蛋鸡蛋品质和血液生化指标的影响。将20周龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡320只,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验光照周期采用渐增和骤增2种,光周期设11L∶13D、13L∶11D、15L∶9D、17L∶7D4个水平。结果表明:①不同光增方式对蛋形指数和哈氏单位有显著影响(P<0.05),以渐增条件下较好。不同光增方式对血液生化指标没有显著影响(P>0.05)。②不同光照周期对蛋黄颜色有显著影响(P<0.05),以15L∶9D处理组蛋黄颜色最好。不同光照周期对血液生化指标有一定影响,以13L∶11D处理组较好。     

Implantation study on the potential of murine epidermal stem cell differentiation

AIM: To investigate the potential of murine epidermal stem cell (ESC) differentiation after seeded in a biodegradable carrier and implanted subcutaneously into syngeneic recipient mice. METHODS: ES cells were induced in vitro to differentiate into ESCs. After stained with a fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342, these ESCs were seeded into a polyglycolic acid (PGA) net containing collagen gel, functioning as a cell carrier, and implanted subcutaneously into 129/J mice, which were syngeneic to these stem cells. RESULTS: The ESCs kept alive in the implant when observed under a fluorescent microscopy 3 weeks or longer after implantation, and could differentiate into hair follicle-like structure, glandular structure, and gave rise to additional structures displaying features resembling native dermis. No apparent rejection or severe side effects were observed at least 10 weeks post-implantation. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to use these ESCs as seed cells in the study to fabricate dermal equivalent having the potential to develop dermal appendages.     

不同光增方式和周期对蛋鸡生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

研究光增方式和光照周期对蛋鸡蛋品质和血液生化指标的影响.将20周龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡320只,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡.试验光照周期采用渐增和骤增2种,光周期设11L13D、13L11D、15L9D、17L7D 4个水平.结果表明①不同光增方式对蛋形指数和哈氏单位有显著影响(P＜0.05),以渐增条件下较好.不同光增方式对血液生化指标没有显著影响(P＞0.05).②不同光照周期对蛋黄颜色有显著影响(P＜0.05),以15L9D处理组蛋黄颜色最好.不同光照周期对血液生化指标有一定影响,以13L11D处理组较好.     

稻草菌糠对AA肉鸡生产性能及部分代谢激素水平的影响

本文通过选取1日龄192只健康AA肉鸡(公母各半),随机分为4组:对照组(饲喂基础日粮)、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组,各试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的稻草菌糠,研究其不同添加剂量对AA肉鸡生产性能和部分代谢激素水平的影响,并确定其最适添加比例。结果表明:①与对照组相比,49日龄时,试验1组体增重提高6.24%(P0.05),采食量提高6.74%(P0.01);②血清中T3、T4、胰岛素水平试验组不同程度地显著性高于对照组。上述结果说明,在基础日粮中添加0.5%的稻草菌糠对AA肉鸡的生产性能和部分代谢激素水平有较显著的改善作用。     

不同近交程度对藏獒体尺生长发育的影响

通过近交对河曲藏獒体尺生长发育影响的详细分析，发现随着近交系数的增加，体长、体高、胸围和管围都趋近于正态分布。近交系数为0．0652的藏獒，2—3月龄体长和3月龄管国有较大生长强度，2月龄体高生长强度不及近交系数0．0893组，体长、胸围和管围没有明显下降趋势。藏獒近交系数大于0.0652，除了体高生长强度外，其他体尺生长发育出现近交衰退趋势。     

退化期的乳腺凋亡及其调节机理

在动物哺乳周期中,乳腺经历发育、分化和退化的循环过程。动物的妊娠期、哺乳期和退化期与乳腺细胞数量的变化有密切关系,乳腺细胞的数量变化决定了哺乳期间的产奶量,退化期的幸存细胞数量可能影响哺乳期的生产力。近来研究表明:乳腺退化期主要通过细胞凋亡途径减少细胞数量。本文对退化期的乳腺凋亡及其调节机理进行了综述。