甘薯栽培管理知识模型系统的设计思路

本研究以系统工程思想为指导,通过对甘薯栽培研究成果及专家知识归纳总结,应用作物栽培学、生理学、生态学以及计算机科学等多学科的基础理论和方法,对甘薯栽培管理知识模型系统进行了设计,拟以甘薯生育指标、环境因子、技术措施之间的定量化动态关系为主线,建立具有动态预测和决策功能的甘薯栽培管理知识模型.本设计主要包括研究思路与技术路线、资料获取方式、研究方法、开发过程等部分,实现播前栽培方案的设计与动态生育指标的确定等功能,揭示生态环境和农艺栽培措施与甘薯生长发育及产量和品质形成的内在关系和机制,实现区域化和经验性甘薯栽培管理模式的系统化整合和科学化表达,形成模型化的专家系统和决策性的系统模型.     

苹果树水分指标日变化及水分利用效率的研究

本试验实地测量分析了美国8号苹果树水分指标的日变化。结果表明：茎干和叶片的水势早晨较大,中午前后较小,茎水势变化显著滞后于叶水势的变化;茎流量日变化呈“单峰”曲线,最高值出现在午后;蒸腾速率日变化为“双峰”曲线,有明显的“午休”现象;水分利用效率在一天中呈下降趋势,上午下降幅度较大,下午较小;茎流量与水势、蒸腾速率与温度、水分利用效率与光强等不同生理生态指标之间均存在极显著的相关性。     

水培经济植物净化养殖废水研究现状

对水培经济植物净化养殖废水的研究现状进行了阐述,介绍了湿地植物特别是水生经济植物相关情况,并指出：水培经济植物食用安全性是关键问题;西洋菜是用于处理养殖废水等高浓度有机废水的良好湿地植物。     

不同栽培模式对兴义市特色烟叶的影响

设置了3种烤烟栽培模式,研究其对兴义市特色优质烟叶的影响.结果表明:采用当地栽培措施栽培其产值和产量能达到较高水平,但烟株株型特征及部位结构不够合理,生育期较长,烟叶落黄不够好,加大了烘烤难度;而采用扩行缩株、高密度低施肥水平等技术措施栽培的烟叶株型及等级结构合理,烟叶落黄良好,烤后烟叶上中等比例高,产值、产量也能达到一定水平,且烤后烟叶物理外观性状良好,内在化学成分协调;缩行扩株技术栽培效果则不佳.     

湖羊GnRH受体基因的单核苷酸多态性研究

对高繁殖力绵羊品种(湖羊)和低繁殖力绵羊品种(陶赛特、特克赛尔和哈萨克)促性腺激素释放激素受体(GnRH-R)基因的5′非翻译区、外显子1和外显子2部分序列进行了PCR-SSCP分析,结果发现在5′非翻译区发生3处碱基突变(552T→G、653C→G、654G→A);在第二外显子区发生1处碱基突变(230G→C),该突变导致了第66位氨基酸的改变(精氨酸→丝氨酸)。并对这4个位点在4个绵羊品种间的基因频率进行了初步分析:对于引物1,4个绵羊群体均检测到AA基因型,AB基因型只出现在湖羊、陶赛特羊和特克塞尔羊中,仅在哈萨克羊中检测到CC基因型。对于引物2,4个绵羊群体均检测到DD基因型;DE基因型只出现在湖羊和哈萨克羊中;仅在湖羊中检测到EE基因型。     

Improved Prediction and Reduction of Sampling Density for Soil Salinity by Different Geostatistical Methods

The spatial estimation for soil properties was improved and sampling intensities also decreased in terms of incorporated auxiliary data. In this study, kriging and two interpolation methods were proven well to estimate auxiliary variables： cokriging and regression-kriging, and using the salinity data from the first two stages as auxiliary variables, the methods both improved the interpolation of soil salinity in coastal saline land. The prediction accuracy of the three methods was observed under different sampling density of the target variable by comparison with another group of 80 validation sample points, from which the root-mean-square error （RMSE） and correlation coefficient （r） between the predicted and measured values were calculated. The results showed, with the help of auxiliary data, whatever the sample size of the target variable may be, cokriging and regression-kriging performed better than ordinary kriging. Moreover, regression-kriging produced on average more accurate predictions than cokriging. Compared with the kriging results, cokriging improved the estimations by reducing RMSE from 23.3 to 29% and increasing r from 16.6 to 25.5%, regression-kriging improved the estimations by reducing RMSE from 25 to 41.5% and increasing r from 16.8 to 27.2%. Therefore, regression-kriging shows promise for improved prediction for soil salinity and reduction of soil sampling intensity considerably while maintaining high prediction accuracy. Moreover, in regression-kriging, the regression model can have any form, such as generalized linear models, non-linear models or tree-based models, which provide a possibility to include more ancillary variables.     

鹿茸角软骨细胞体外培养方法的建立及生长特性分析

【研究目的】建立梅花鹿鹿茸软骨细胞体外分离培养和扩增方法,观察鹿茸软骨细胞在体外培养的生物学特性,为鹿茸再生机理的研究奠定基础;【方法】体外分离培养鹿茸软骨细胞,采用组织学、MTT比色法、免疫组化等多种手段动态检测细胞生长增殖情况;【结果】核心部分,约150字鹿茸软骨细胞贴壁生长,原代细胞比传代生长速度快,原代及传代4代内的鹿茸软骨细胞均有活跃的增殖能力,软骨细胞呈三角形,多边形等多种形态,II型胶原免疫组化,甲苯胺蓝染色为阳性;【结论】体外分离培养鹿茸软骨细胞具有较强的增殖能力,传代培养4代内细胞生长旺盛并维持其生物学特性,可满足后续实验研究要求。     

能产生多角体的可线性化杆状病毒的构建

【目的】改进用于同源重组研究的制备杆状病毒DNA的方法。【方法】采用PCR方法从BmNPV中扩增出多角体基因,并在其两端引入Bsu36 I酶切位点。将此片段克隆入转移载体pBacPAK8中,与线性化的杆状病毒DNA共转染昆虫细胞,获得重组病毒。该病毒能形成多角体,便于纯化,同时可以被 Bsu36 I酶切。该重组病毒的多角体纯化后被裂解,并提取病毒DNA。病毒DNA经Bsu36 I酶切后,与含gfp基因的转移质粒共转染家蚕BmN细胞,在荧光显微镜下观察重组病毒的转染效率。【结果】BmNPV多角体基因克隆入转移载体pBacPAK8中后,与线性化的AcPak6及BmPak6 DNA共转染sf细胞及BmN细胞,均能产生大量的多角体。获得的重组病毒DNA经酶切后,进一步与含gfp基因的转移质粒共转染的实验表明,这种改造后的重组病毒仍具有较高的转染重组率。【结论】本实验成功地对用于同源重组的杆状病毒DNA进行了改进,简化了病毒DNA的纯化方法,并且重组效率较高。     

Analysis on the Variation Expression of Difficult-Dissolved-Proteins of Diapause Eggs After Activating by Acid Treatment

Using HCl to activate the diapause eggs is a traditional technique of artificial hatching applied in silkworm egg production. Its mechanism has not yet been clarified. This experiment explored the effect of HCl on the termination of diapause of silkworm eggs cold-stored for 45 days from the point of proteomes. Two-dimensional electrophoresis techniques and ESI- MS-MS were used to compare and analyze the variation expression of difficult-dissolved-proteins of diapause eggs coldstored for 45 days before and after acid treatment. Through analysis on the two-dimensional electrophoretogram, there were 296 dots before acid treatment and 302 after the treatment, respectively. Amongst them 265 dots were matchable. The matchability reached 88.6%. There were 31 specific protein dots before acid treatment and 37 after acid treatment, respectively. ESI-MS-MS analysis was conducted for two specific protein-rich dots which disappeared after acid treatment. The results indicated that the sequence of No. 1 protein dot had 55 amino acids＇ peptide matched with those of chorion protein （Bombyx mori）. While the sequence of No. 2 protein dot had only 15 amino acids＇ peptide matched with those of heat shock protein hsp 19.9 （Bombyx mori）, and it was presumed to be an unknown protein. The difficult-dissolvedproteins of diapause eggs have variation expression after acid treatment. Some proteins before and after acid treatment are changed in MW.     

秦皇岛市外环路美景度评价及景观效益分析

应用心理物理中的美景度评价法对秦皇岛市外环路景观进行评价及相关分析,得出生活型构成、花朵比、郁闭度、草坪密度4个因子对景观的影响最大,在此基础上对上述4个因子进行景观效益分析,阐述了构成秦皇岛外环路景观的优势及不足.