奶牛温氏支原体16SrRNA基因的PCR扩增、克隆及分析

目的对奶牛温氏支原体16SrRNA基因进行PCR扩增及克隆分析。方法从自然感染体的广西奶牛无菌采集血液,分离温氏支原体并提取病原基因组,用血营养菌的16SrRNA基因的通用引物进行PCR扩增,将扩增产物克隆到PGEM-Teasy载体后进行溺,I序和分析,并与Genebank上搜索的温氏支原体相应序列进行比较,建立系统发育树。结果PCR扩增得到长约1．5kb的扩增片段,测序结果显示该片段全长为1453bp,同源性分析表明该序列与Neimark公布的温氏支原体（前称温氏附红细胞体）（AF016546）的16SrRNA基因序列同源性达到97．4％,与系统发育进化树表明本株温氏支原体同本地株的关系较近,而与国外株的新缘关系较远。国内公布的广西株同源性为99．8％。结论结果表明证实该病原为温氏支原体,从分子生物学水平证实了温氏支原体在广西的存在。由于本试验分离得到的牛温氏支原体与国外发表的牛温氏支原体核苷酸序列相差2．6％,因此两者的基因型存在一定的差异,这对该病的分子流行病学分析具有一定的意义。     

烤烟新品种南江3号在贵州烟区的生态适应性研究

以K326为对照,研究了烤烟新品种南江3号在贵州五大具有生态代表性烟区的农艺性状、生育期性状、抗病特征、经济性状、外观质量及吸食品质等指标。结果表明:与K326相比,南江3号在贵州烟区长势强、生育期长、抗病力强、产量和产值高、烟叶外观质量好,吸食品质与K326相当,在贵州烟区具有很好的生态适应性。     

贡山县核桃增效配套技术

笔者在贡山县应用了核桃大树“开槽放水”杂劣品种嫁接改良技术、漾濞大泡核桃“2-3主枝自然开心形或2-3主枝开心圆头形”树形配置技术和“平衡施肥”技术,总结出了适合贡山县核桃增效的配套技术,供参考使用.     

镉在黄瓜幼苗中的化学形态及亚细胞分布

为探究黄瓜幼苗对镉的吸收累积特性,将黄瓜幼苗置于6种镉浓度梯度(0、10、50、100、200、300μmol·L~(-1))营养液中培养17 d,测定黄瓜幼苗地上部和根部的镉含量以及镉在叶片的亚细胞分布和其化学形态分布。结果表明:随镉浓度升高,转移系数逐渐降低,黄瓜由根向地上部对镉的转运能力减弱。时间或浓度处理均会显著增加黄瓜叶片各亚细胞组分镉含量,镉的富集比例趋势表现为可溶性部分细胞壁细胞器,其中可溶性部分镉含量占44.88%～84.94%,远大于细胞器(3.10%～17.05%)与细胞壁(11.20%～39.66%)。相同时间下,随镉处理浓度的增加,镉在细胞壁组分占比先升高后降低,可溶性部分镉的占比先降低后升高。同时随着处理时间延长,细胞壁组分镉占比降低,可溶性部分镉占比升高。黄瓜叶片中NaCl提取态镉占比最高(33.69%～54.23%),但随着镉浓度提高,乙醇提取态、H2O提取态镉占比升高。当镉浓度达到300μmol·L~(-1)时,黄瓜叶片中的镉形态以乙醇提取态、H2O提取态和NaCl提取态占优势。总的来看,在器官水平上,黄瓜通过限制镉由根部向地上部传递的方式,降低镉对黄瓜地上部的毒害;亚细胞水平上,细胞壁对镉的吸持和液泡区室化是黄瓜对镉胁迫下的重要解毒方式,其中以液泡的区室化占主导位置;在化学形态分布上,镉的化学形态转化也是黄瓜应对镉胁迫的重要耐性策略。     

The large‐scale capture of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and red kangaroos (Osphranter rufus) and its application to a population management project

Objective: A large‐scale capture method was developed to enable sterilisation of a macropod population in western Sydney from 2005 to 2018. Methods: Until March 2007, free ranging eastern grey kangaroos and red kangaroos were herded into purpose‐built 15 m diameter capture yards (CYs) for darting with a projectile syringe. From March 2007 onwards, animals were free‐range darted in large areas without herding. Kangaroos were darted with 1.33–5.10 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam and 0.01–0.02 mg/kg medetomidine, ± 0.03 mg/kg acepromazine. Deaths were monitored. Population counts were performed annually. Results: There were 5825 capture events involving 3963 kangaroos. Over 85% of all captures occurred from 2005 to 2008. Of all reported deaths (n = 523), 135 were attributed to ill health. Musculoskeletal injuries incurred during capture were the main project‐related cause of death (n = 116). Post capture myopathy was uncommonly diagnosed following capture (n = 19). Conclusion: The herding and capture method enabled a large number of kangaroos to be mobilised and captured with low mortality rates, and the use of CYs resulted in fewer capture‐related injuries and deaths than free‐range capture. The drug doses and combinations used for darting were safe and effective, and the capture technique was successfully applied to a population management project.     

烟草中重金属镉污染及调控措施研究进展

烟草作为毒性较强的重金属镉的富集植物,使得人们可能在主动或被动吸烟过程中吸收重金属镉,对健康造成危害。为了增强人们对镉金属的认识,提高卷烟的吸食安全,综述了镉对烟叶品质的影响及其在卷烟烟气与烟株内部迁移规律和影响因素,以及现有的对烟草中重金属镉的调控措施,从卷烟原料调控着手,以期为寻找有效的降低卷烟中镉含量的措施提供事实和理论依据。     

牧区饲草储备量与牲畜出栏率的直线回归分析

饲草料储备量与牲畜出栏率之间存在着回归关系,建立回归方程;Y=-1.79 1.6x,预测和防止冬季牲畜缺草而形成的牲畜损失。