位山灌区渠系优化配水决策支持系

根据位山灌区位于黄河下游、引水含沙量高、测流断面变化大的特点，编制了位山灌区渠系优化配水决策支持系统，主要内容包括来水管理、需水管理、水情资料管理、实际配水统计、配水方案拟定和系统设置等，创新性地进行了多站水量平差计算。     

螺旋弯管内流动与传热特性的数值模拟

针对螺旋弯管内的流动与传热特性,以螺旋弯管传热试验中试验件模型为研究对象,基于Realizable k-ε湍流模型、第一类热边界条件下的薄壁热阻模型,对不同进口来流条件下,采用Fluent对螺旋弯管内水的流动与换热进行数值模拟.计算得到了螺旋弯管内速度场与温度场的分布,通过数值模拟结果与试验结果的比较,验证了数值模拟方法的正确性.结果表明:随着进口来流雷诺数的增大,螺旋弯管内的二次流迪恩涡核心向弯管管壁扩张;在螺旋弯管小曲率比、来流雷诺数2 280~6 000内,螺旋弯管的强化换热综合性能最佳;对模拟结果数据利用多元线性回归法,推导出螺旋弯管内换热努赛尔数、进出口压力降的准则关系式.研究结果可为螺旋管式换热器设计与优化提供一定的参考依据.     

Estrogen treatment enhances mesenteric lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock

AIM To investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol （E2） treatment on the mesenteric lymphatic microcirculation and isolated lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock, and to explore the relationship between contractility and the difference between intra- and extracellular calcium ion concentrations （［Ca²⁺］） of lymphatic smooth muscle cells （LSMCs）. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into sham group, shock group and shock+E2 group. The rats were subjected to hemorrhage ［（40±2） mmHg for 90 min］ and resuscitation with or without subcutaneous injection of E2 （2 mg/kg）. After resuscitation for 3 h, the mesenteric lymphatic microcirculation in vivo was observed. Moreover, the isolated mesenteric microlymphatic rings were prepared for the observations of lymphatic contractility evaluated by the indexes including end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, contraction frequency （CF） and passive diameter. Meanwhile, the difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs was recorded during lymphatic contraction. RESULTS Treatment with E2 significantly enhanced the CF, total contractile fraction and lymphatic dynamics index in vivo in the rats after hemorrhagic shock, and increased the CF, the fractional pump flow and the difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs in isolated lymphatics from the shocked rats （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Estrogen treatment enhances lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock, which is related to enhancement of difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs.     

Effects of naringenin on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways in rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

AIM To observe the effect of naringenin on cardiac injury in ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） rats, and to explore whether the role of naringenin is involved in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways. METHODS SD rats （n=48） were randomly divided into sham operation （sham） group, model （I/R） group, naringenin treatment （NAR） group and naringenin+LY294002 （NL） group. Myocardial I/R injury model was prepared by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery of rats for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. After reperfusion, the serum levels of cardiac troponin I （cTnI） was measured by ELISA. HE staining, TTC staining and TUNEL staining were used to detect the myocardial histopathological changes, myocardial infarction area and myocardial cell apoptotic rate. The mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related indicators glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） and caspase-12 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12, p-PI3K and p-AKT were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with I/R group, the serum content of cTnI, myocardial pathological damage, myocardial infarction area and myocardial cell apoptotic rate were significantly reduced （P<0.05）, the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 were decreased （P<0.05）, and the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT were increased in NAR group （P<0.05）. LY294002 attenuated the protective effect of naringenin to some extent. CONCLUSION Naringenin reduces myocardial I/R injury in rats possibly by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and subsequently regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and its related apoptotic pathways.     

土壤微生物量及养分对设施农业种植年限的响应

以辽宁省朝阳市喀左县公营子镇番茄种植大棚不同种植年限0～20 cm耕层土壤为研究对象,采用分年限取样法,取O、1、5、10、15、20年以上的土壤样本,利用熏蒸提取法和常规方法,研究不同种植年限大棚耕层土壤养分和微生物量的变化,以期为保证设施农业的可持续发展提供参考依据.结果 表明:随着种植年限增加,朝阳地区设施农业土壤随种植年限增加多数养分呈先上升后下降的趋势,土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)先增加后下降,在5年时达到峰值,比1年高17.3％;土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)则呈先下降后上升的趋势,峰值出现在20年,比1年高39.1％;土壤微生物量磷(SMBP)呈先下降后突然上升再下降的趋势,峰值出现在10年.朝阳地区设施土壤养分在种植过程中累积严重,应抓住5～10年的时间节点进行合理耕作.     

低温驯化对菜豆内源多胺含量及其合成分解基因表达的影响

以7个菜豆品种为试材,采用对冷害指数以及相对电解质渗透率进行测定的方式,筛选出耐低温型菜豆品种和低温敏感型菜豆品种,并对其低温驯化过程中内源多胺含量进行测定,研究了腐胺、亚精胺和精胺在响应低温驯化过程中含量的变化,以及对多胺合成分解酶基因表达量的影响,以期为今后菜豆外施多胺缓解低温胁迫提供参考依据.结果 表明:在低温驯化过程中2个品种叶片中腐胺和亚精胺的含量有明显增加,而精胺含量变化规律不明显.在低温驯化过程多胺合成酶基因ADC表达量上升,ODC表达量变化不明显,SAMDC表达量升高,SPDS和SPMS在2个品种中表现不一致;多胺分解酶基因DAO和PAO表达量上升,SMO在2个品种中表现不一致.综上所述,腐胺和亚精胺在植物体内的积累可能与提高菜豆苗期耐低温性有较大关系,并且它们的积累可能与ADC、SAMDS、DAO和PAO的表达水平有关.     

数字远程接入系统(RasDL)与VPN技术的比较分析

详细地分析了数字远程接入系统(RasDL)与VPN的区别，着重指出RasDL的优点，提出RasDL是目前高校数字图书馆远程访问的最佳方案。

     

基于GIS的浙江省茶树栽培气候区划

根据茶树生长发育与气候条件的关系,确定了茶树栽培的气候生态区划指标。借助浙江省1∶25万地形数据,应用GIS技术,按种植茶树的气候适宜性把浙江省茶树栽培区划分为最适宜栽培区、适宜栽培区、次适宜栽培区和不适宜区。     

乳铁多肽及其生物学活性的研究进展

乳铁多肽(乳铁素)是乳铁蛋白在酸性环境下经胃蛋白酶水解,产生的具有特殊生理功能的活性多肽。乳铁素不仅保持乳铁蛋白的活性,而且活性要比乳铁蛋白更强。乳铁素具有抑菌、杀菌、抗癌、抗病毒、免疫调节等多种乳铁蛋白所具有的活性。乳铁素的抗菌活性很强,但其抗病毒活性相对较弱。文章讨论了乳铁素成员中活性较强的牛乳铁素和人乳铁素,内容涵盖了目前乳铁素研究的重点领域,讨论了乳铁素的作用范围及其作用机制,探讨了乳铁素结构与活性之间的联系。     

红壤退化地杨梅林土壤对养分补偿的响应

2016年在福建省长汀县河田镇车寮村杨梅园以东魁杨梅(Myrica rubra cv.DongKui)林为试验材料,在了解当地东魁杨梅的栽培情况及对林下土壤养分分析的基础上,开展复合肥、菌肥、磷肥、菌肥+磷肥4种土壤养分补偿试验,分析0～20、20 ～ 40 cm土层对不同土壤养分补偿方式的响应.结果 表明:在pH值响...