模糊聚类分析在农业经济类型划分中的应用

利用模糊聚类分析的方法,以山西左权为例,选取全县十个乡(镇)的8项指标,对农业经济类型划分进行了分析,得到了与实际相吻合的结果.克服了传统方法的不确定性.     

不同曝气比率对蛋白核小球藻生长的影响

通过室内控制实验,研究了不同曝气比率对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)生长过程影响,构建了曝气比率与ODmax、μmax、Cmax的适配曲线。实验设置0%、2%、10%、20%、30%、50%、70%共计7组曝气比率,在1 000 lx光强和20℃条件下,采用BG-11培养基培养小球藻至稳定生长。结果显示,适宜的曝气能促进小球藻生长,其最适曝气比率为20%,过量曝气会抑制小球藻生长;曝气比率(x)与ODmax、Cmax、μmax拟合方程分别为:Omax=170.63x3-231.83x2+84.341x+1.8439(0x50%;R2=0.9850)、Cmax=15.844x3-19.803x2+6.8594x+0.0521(0x50%;R2=0.9285)、μmax=8.1202x3-11.428x2+4.4963x+0.1173(20%x30%;R2=0.8581);50%x70%的关系式有待进一步验证。探究不同曝气比率对小球藻生长的影响,可为其优化培养与资源化利用提供理论依据。     

黄鳝怀卵量的调查和比较分析

新河乡、陶店乡２５．０￣３０．０ｃｍ体长段黄鳝的怀卵率最高,绝对怀卵强度亦较高,新河乡２８．０￣３２．０ｃｍ体长段黄鳝♀：♂＝１：１,３０．０￣３４．９ｃｍ体长段与２９．９ｃｍ以下体长段黄鳝的平均怀卵强度之间差异显著;陶店乡２３．０￣２６．０ｃｍ体长段黄鳝♀：♂＝１：１,２５．０￣２９．９ｃｍ体长段与２４．９ｃｍ以下体长段黄鳝的平均怀卵强度之间有显著差异。两地相比,３４．９ｃｍ以下体长段黄鳝的平均     

舟山渔场禁渔线以外海域单拖网鱼类群落结构变动分析

根据2010年2月、5月、9月和11月对舟山渔场禁渔线以外海域渔业资源底拖网调查数据,对该海域鱼类群落结构的季节变化进行了分析。调查中共捕获鱼类80种,隶属于13目,49科,59属,其中以鲈形目最多（30种）。Simpson多样性指数（C）、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H＇）和Pielou均匀度指数（J＇）均呈现出9月以后逐渐升高、随后下降、5月基本达到最低点的趋势,而Margalef丰富度指数（D）在5月较高,表明5月鱼类种类丰富度较高。资源生物量曲线（ABC）的结果受优势种影响较大,2月质量优势度曲线位于数量优势度曲线之上;5月质量优势度曲线与数量优势度曲线相交;9月和11月数量优势度曲线位于质量优势度曲线之上。营养级-平均体质量关系曲线斜率的绝对值5月最小,9月最大,表明经过伏季休渔以后,9月鱼类平均体质量有所增加,特别是高营养级鱼类,而经过持续捕捞以后,至5月鱼类平均体质量整体降到较低水平。     

青龙湖冬季浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

为探究青龙湖浮游植物群落结构特征及其水环境影响因子,确定水体营养化现状,于2016年12(冬季)对青龙湖10个采样点浮游植物种类组成、丰度与生物量以及水质理化指标进行调查分析。结果显示,冬季青龙湖共鉴定出浮游植物5门、17属、50种(含变种),硅藻和绿藻是青龙湖浮游植物优势类群,浮游植物种类组成表现为硅藻-绿藻型;优势类群为硅藻门颗粒直链藻(Melosira granulata)、颗粒直链藻极狭变种(M.granulata var.angustissima)、颗粒直链藻极狭变种螺旋变型(M.granulata var.angustissima f.spiralis)及蓝藻门类颤鱼腥藻(Anabaena oscillarioides)、水华束丝藻(Aphanizomenon flos-aquae),优势种在各采样点分布差异不明显。冬季浮游植物丰度均值为6.71×104个/L,生物量均值为0.07mg/L;各采样点Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数与Pielou指数分别为0.98~2.31、0.61~2.37及0.19~0.84。冗余分析(RDA)表明,pH、溶解氧、溶解氧饱和度、水温与氧化还原电位与青龙湖浮游植物群落结构关系最为密切。Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数评价水质结果为中度污型水平。     

结球甘蓝耐裂球性状的配合力及遗传力研究

按照Griffing双列杂交方法Ⅳ,选用6个结球甘蓝骨干自交系,配制15个杂交组合,进行耐裂球性状的配合力及其遗传力分析。结果表明：基因加性效应和非加性效应对耐裂球性状均起重要作用,且以加性效应为主,随着田间持续生长时间的延长其加性效应所占比例增加,GCA方差在总遗传方差中所占比例大,GCA/SCA值大于1,且差异达显著水平。选择耐裂球材料时,应着重一般配合力的选择,且应重视在早期世代进行选择。     

Role of nestin in the maintenance of the structure of podocytes

AIM:To investigate the expression of nestin, a kind of cytoskeletal protein in cultured murine podocytes and the role of nestin in the maintenance of the podocyte structure.METHODS:The immortalized murine podocytes were cultured. The expression of nestin was determined by immunofluorescence. In differentiated podocytes, the expression of nestin was knock-down by RNAi. The effect of nestin knock-down was examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The projections longer than maximal length of the cell body in which the cells transfected with siRNA and control vector that contained nonhomologous oligo were counted, respectively. RESULTS:Nestin siRNA markedly reduced or abolished nestin expression. In cells transfected with nestin siRNA, the percentage of cells with processes was significantly lower than that in cells transfected with control vector (77.0%±6.3% vs 16.0%±4.6%, n=3, P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Nestin may play an important role in maintaining normal function of podocytes.     

Changes of immune function and mortality in patients with sepsis-induced stress hyperglycemia

AIM: To investigate the role of stress hyperglycemia on condition assessment and predicting prognosis in patients with sepsis. METHODS: The study included 44 patients with sepsis, divided into three groups according to their blood glucose profile within 24 h after admission: patients with stress hyperglycemia (group SH, n=15), diabetes mellitus type 2 (group DM, n=10), and normal glucose levels (group NG, n=19). CD4+/CD8+ ratio, Th1/Th2 ratio and HLA-DR% of the patients were measured within 24 h after admission by flow cytometry as assessment of their immune function. The sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores of patients were recorded at the same time to analyze whether stress hyperglycemia affects the immune function and the 28 d mortality in patients with sepsis. RESULTS: A higher mortality rate of septic patients with stress hyperglycemia was observed compared to diabetic patients (53.3% vs 10.0%) and group NG (53.3% vs 21.1%). SOFA score and APACHE II score were higher in group SH than those in group DM and group NG while lower levels of human leucocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) expression and CD4+/CD8+ ratio was found in group SH than those in group DM and group NG. No difference in the levels of Th1/Th2 among the three groups was observed. Non-survivors had higher levels of SOFA score, APACHEⅡ score, Th1/Th2 ratio and HLA-DR%. No difference was detected for CD4+/CD8+ ratio, mean glucose values and age. CONCLUSION: Stress hyperglycemia is associated with decreased immune function and an adverse clinical outcome in patients with sepsis.     

13-MTD induces apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt signaling

［ABSTRACT］AIM: To study the effect of 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid, on apoptotic induction in breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and normal breast epithelial cells MaEC were treated with solvent or 13-MTD at concentration of 140 mg/L. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of JNK, p38, FADD and Akt after treated with 13-MTD were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 13-MTD effectively induced apoptosis of breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and no influence to normal breast epithelial cells MaEC, which were confirmed by flow cytometry analysis, was observed. The results of Western blotting showed that obvious increase in p38 and JNK phosphorylation. No significant difference of FADD phosphorylation was observed. However, evidently decrease in Akt phosphorylation was found after treated with 13-MTD. CONCLUSION: 13-MTD was a new safe, effective chemotherapeutic drug. Its underlying mechanisms are through activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt pathway to induce the cancer cells apoptosis.     

Effect of fractalkine on the expression and secretion of MMP-2 in human monocytes

AIM: To study the effect of fractalkine (CX3CL1, Fkn) on the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in cultured human monocyte line U937 cells. METHODS: The cultured U937 cells were incubated with recombinant human Fkn, the supernatant of human renal mesangial cells (HRMC) and Fkn neutralizing antibodies for 24 h. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 was analyzed by RT-PCR. The production of MMP-2 in the supernatant was analyzed by gelatin zymography. RESULTS: The level of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in the cells incubated with recombinant human Fkn decreased compared to control group. Similarly, the level of MMP-2 mRNA in the cells incubated with the supernatant of HRMC reduced compared to control group. However, the level of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in the cells incubated with the supernatant of HRMC adding Fkn neutralizing antibodies increased compared to that incubated with the supernatant of HRMC. CONCLUSION: Fkn inhibits the expression and secretion of MMP-2 in cultured U937 cells. HRMC might mediate the expression and secretion of MMP-2 in U937 cells through Fkn.