在生物经济中发展柞蚕产业

2009亚太国家生物经济会议《亚太生物经济项目册》中有五个蚕业项目,充分显示了我国蚕业在生物经济中的地位和发展潜力。本文引入生物经济的概念,介绍了我国柞蚕生物工程的概况,提出用工业化理念发展蚕业,要用现代信息产业改造传统蚕业,在生物经济领域突破发展柞蚕产业。     

猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSOL18基因疫苗表达载体的构建及其免疫原性研究

为研制新型猪囊尾蚴疫苗,将猪带绦虫六钩蚴阶段编码 TSOL18 的基因定向克隆于真核表达质粒 pVAX1, 经筛选、鉴定及 DNA序列分析正确后,将重组质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 转染 BHK-21 细胞,通过 SDS-PAGE、Western blotting、免疫荧光试验等方法检测细胞中表达的 TSOL18 抗原。结果表明,重组真核质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 可在 BHK-21 细胞中表达TSOL18 目的蛋白,表达蛋白能被猪囊尾蚴病阳性血清所识别。动物免疫试验表明,真核表达载体能有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,这为猪囊尾蚴病基因疫苗的研究奠定了良好基础。     

Propagation of Asian isolates of canine distemper virus (CDV) in hamster cell lines

Backgrounds

The aim of this study was to confirm the propagation of various canine distemper viruses (CDV) in hamster cell lines of HmLu and BHK, since only a little is known about the possibility of propagation of CDV in rodent cells irrespective of their epidemiological importance.

Methods

The growth of CDV in hamster cell lines was monitored by titration using Vero.dogSLAMtag (Vero-DST) cells that had been proven to be susceptible to almost all field isolates of CDV, with the preparations of cell-free and cell-associated virus from the cultures infected with recent Asian isolates of CDV (13 strains) and by observing the development of cytopathic effect (CPE) in infected cultures of hamster cell lines.

Results

Eleven of 13 strains grew in HmLu cells, and 12 of 13 strains grew in BHK cells with apparent CPE of cell fusion in the late stage of infection. Two strains and a strain of Asia 1 group could not grow in HmLu cells and BHK cells, respectively.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrates at the first time that hamster cell lines can propagate the majority of Asian field isolates of CDV. The usage of two hamster cell lines suggested to be useful to characterize the field isolates biologically.     

救必应水提取物对产ESBLs细菌的抑菌机理研究

为了探讨救必应水提取物的抑菌作用及抑菌机理,采用2倍微量稀释法和琼脂平板稀释培养计数法,测定救必应水提取物对产ESBLs(extended spectrum β-lactamases)细菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC),通过对细菌生长曲线、细菌超微结构、细胞壁和细胞膜通透性变化试验、核酸合成抑制试验研究救必应水提取物的抑菌机理。结果表明,与不添加提取物的对照组相比,救必应水提取物能够影响细菌的生长规律,使细菌破损严重,细胞壁和细胞膜通透性增加,细胞质外渗,菌液中AKP含量、可溶性蛋白含量增多、大肠杆菌DNA荧光强度明显减弱。研究表明,救必应水提取物的抑菌机理是通过细菌细胞壁和细胞膜通透性的变化,抑制细菌核酸的合成实现的。     

干旱对草坪草的影响

综述了干旱条件下草坪草的生态适应性,细胞膜、细胞壁、叶绿体超微结构的变化,草坪草对干旱胁迫的生理生化反应,以及提高草坪抗旱性的途径。     

南阳牛IGF2基因第2外显子多态性及其与生长发育相关性研究

以126头纯种南阳黄牛为研究材料，利用PCR-RFLPs技术对胰岛素样生长因子2（IGF2）第2外显子的多态性及其与生长发育的相关性进行了分析。结果表明：南阳牛在该位点的遗传多态性丰富。检测到2种等位基因A和B，频率分别为0．6865和0．3135，A等位基因在群体中是优势等位基因；BB型个体的6、12、18、24月龄体斜长和胸围，12、18和24月龄的坐骨端宽，初生、6月龄和24月龄体重等体征性状显著地优于AA型；6月龄体斜长、12月龄的胸围、18月龄和24月龄坐骨端宽也显著优于杂合型。初步推断JGF2基因是非常有价值的辅助选择标记，可为南阳牛肉用型方向选择提供理论依据。     

Role of actin microfilaments in canine distemper virus replication in vero cells

Several studies have indicated that viruses require a specific cytoskeletal structure for replication in host cells. In this study, we examined the role of actin fiber in the replication of canine distemper virus (CDV), belonging to the Morbillivirus genus of the family Paramyxoviridae. For this purpose, we used two actin depolymerizing agents, cytochalasin-D (C-D) and mycalolide-B (ML-B). In Vero cells, C-D disrupted actin fibers distributed in the cytosol, but peripheral actin fibers remained intact. On the other hand, ML-B completely disrupted the actin fibers distributed in both areas. Treatment of Vero cells with C-D or ML-B inhibited the replication of CDV. Double staining of CDV-infected Vero cells with antibody to N-protein and rhodamine-phalloidin revealed the presence of N-protein in mid-cytoplasm. However, the N-protein was specifically localized at the submembrane region in the presence of C-D, whereas it was clustered in the presence of ML-B. Viral mRNA levels of N- and H-proteins were rather increased by treatment with C-D or ML-B. The treatment with ML-B strongly inhibited N-protein expression, whereas C-D only slightly inhibited N-protein expression. These results suggest that actin microfilaments distributed in the cytoplasm and on the membrane region in host cells may have a different role in the process of CDV replication.     

鸡新城疫免疫效果的影响因素及防治对策

鸡新城疫(ND)是由新城疫病毒引起的一类分布广、传播快、危害性大的疫病,是国家法定一类动物疫病.笔者调查当地养殖鸡群实施ND免疫后,出现免疫效果不一、不稳定现象.甚至部分鸡场虽已进行过某一疫苗的免疫,但有时仍不能控制该病的发生.     

仔犬主要感觉行为发育的观察

犬的感觉行为是犬最基本的行为构成,其发育是一个连续的过程.了解和掌握仔犬期(0-45日龄)主要感觉行为的发育特征,对提高仔犬感觉统合能力、行为发育、仔犬期的饲养管理水平和训练水平具有重要意义.     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.