不同外植体及冷藏处理对华中枸骨组织培养的影响

[目的]研究不同外植体及冷藏处理对华中枸骨组织培养的影响。[方法]以华中枸骨带芽新梢茎段为外植体,考察外植体的取材时间、部位以及4℃冷藏处理对其初代培养的影响。[结果]华中枸骨以带芽的新梢茎段作为外植体进行组织培养时,以春季采取植株中上部枝条为宜,其中春季萌条的芽增殖倍数可达到4,中上部萌条的芽萌动率可达到45%。适当的冷藏处理对外植体的消毒以及芽的萌动有利,4℃冷藏处理14 h后的消毒成功率最高,可达到92%;冷藏处理22 h的芽萌动率最高,可达到18%。[结论]华中枸骨组织培养中外植体最好于春季选取植株中上部萌发的新梢顶芽;华中枸骨芽的萌动率随冷藏时间的增加呈线性增长,可能与低温打破休眠有关。     

Bioinformatics Analysis of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) of Sheep

The assay was aimed to explore the biological characteristics of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) of sheep,NCBI,DNAMAN DNAStar,TMHMM Server v.2.0,PsortⅡ,SignalP various bioinformatical softwares were used to speculate the physical and chemical properties,hydrophobic property,phosphorylation site,conservative structure domain,protein secondary structure of BMP4 protein.Also,the three-dimensional structure was forecasted with the SWISS-MODEL Workspace software.The results indicated that the BMP4 of sheep had high homologies with the BMP4 of various species.The encoded protein was a hydrophilic protein which was unstable.There was no transmembrane regions and it was likely to be located in the nucleus.What was more,there was signal peptide and eighteen phosphorylation sites.Through the forecast of functional domains,the protein had two functional domains,including the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily and TGF-beta propeptide superfamily.The result was consistent with the function of BMP4 gene family,it also demonstrated that BMP4 was a growth factor and it had the function of signal transduction.The amino acid homology between the predicted 3D structure of protein and template 3bmp.1.A was 88.29%.The bioinformatics analysis of BMP4 gene could provide reference for the further study in practice.     

离子阱液质联用仪应用于植物叶片游离氨基酸快速分析方法的建立

建立一种液相色谱-离子阱串联质谱(LC-MS-MS)同时分析植物组织中23种游离氨基酸的方法。植物样品经盐酸-乙醇法一步提取后直接进样,无需进行衍生和固相萃取等其他前处理步骤。液相色谱采用Intertsil OSD-4C18(250mm×3.0mm)色谱柱,采用甲醇-甲酸体系进行洗脱,对23种氨基酸获得比较理想的分离效果。结果表明,该方法通用性良好、样品制备简单(一步提取,无需衍生)、灵敏度高、检出范围宽、高效快速,可以在30min内完成整个分析过程。     

基于关联度、主成分和聚类分析的西南区玉米新组合评价

对于玉米育种而言,新组合的科学评价至关重要。以西南区55个玉米新组合为研究材料,对其产量等15个农艺性状进行灰色关联度分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:不同玉米新组合农艺性状与产量的关联度大小依次为单株粒重>穗粗>籽粒含水量>百粒重>空杆率>穗行数>出籽率>穗长>倒折率>行粒数>茎粗>株高>穗位高>秃尖长。以产量最高组合1703为理想品种,综合评价表现较优的组合有成单388、绵1308、川单1751和荣玉1756。通过主成分分析将14个性状降为9个主成分,可解释表型变异的91.11%。依据主成分综合评价模型,可将所有组合分为6类,其中,川单1751、青青711、恩1010、成单388、绵1308、青青733和1703表现最优。聚类分析结果则将所有材料分为5类,结果与主成分分析法得出的结论基本一致。结果表明,玉米新组合绵1308、成单388、川单1751和1703表现最优。     

红叶石楠提取类胡萝卜素的工艺条件研究

在单因素试验基础上,采用正交试验优化红叶石楠绿叶中类胡萝卜素的提取工艺条件,并用柱层析分离纯化粗提液中的类胡萝卜素。结果表明,在40℃下以丙酮∶乙醇=1∶1为提取剂,料液比1∶10,浸提时间1.5 h,类胡萝卜素含量可达51.26μg/g。该类胡萝卜素粗提液经过柱层析法初步分离纯化,纯化倍数可达1.41。     

基于Web of Science的五味子研究态势分析

基于Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量学方法,分析了2001—2014年10月10日全球发表的关于五味子研究的文献类型,年度发文量,居世界前10名的国家、机构、期刊和研究方向等情况。结果表明:2001—2014年10月10日全球发表的五味子文献共695篇,文献类型以学术论文为主;论文的产出量呈逐年上升趋势,2013年发文量最高,约是2001年的9倍;中国、韩国和美国发文量居世界前3位,中国发文量最多,为453篇;中国科学院和中国医学科学院论文数量多;最有学术影响力的发文期刊是《Organic Letters》,化学、药物药理及植物科学是五味子研究的重点领域。     

几种特殊情况下索书号的给定

阐述了图书出版的几种特殊情况，并结合沈阳化工大学图书馆工作实践，对索书号的给出进行了探讨，以方便读者检索利用。     

Study on Anti-viral Effect of Rhubarb on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in vitro

The inhibitory effects of rhubarb on cell lesion, which was caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and its mechanism had been studied in this research.The maximum safe concentration of rhubarb solution applied to Vero cells was determined through morphological observation, and then the PEDV infected Vero cell model in vitro was established, by which the inhibitory effect of rhubarb on virus was studied.The experimental method had also been established based on this cell model.The result showed that the maximum safe concentration was 3.28 mg/mL.Both morphological observation and MTT assay were indicated that rhubarb could not only block the attachment of the virus to Vero cell and inhibit the synthesis and reproduction of the virus, but also could directly inactivate the virus.This research showed that rhubarb had an inhibitory effect on PEDV, and provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of clinical porcine epidemic diarrhea.     

不同滴灌频率对大田覆膜小西瓜生长特性及品质的影响

在灌溉定额一定的情况下,研究了不同滴灌频率对大田膜下小西瓜在果实膨大期以及成熟期内有关特性的影响,以期为豫北平原地区大田膜下滴灌小西瓜生长中后期阶段确定最佳的滴灌频率。结果表明:不同灌溉频率对小西瓜生长过程中根粗、茎粗和蔓长的影响不是特别明显。从试验数据来看,以果实膨大期中频(T3),果实成熟期低频(T5)处理效果较好。此灌溉频率组合下不仅小西瓜长势好,而且甜度较大,省工省时又节水。     

复合吸附剂对AFB_1和DON暴露鸡血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在通过复合吸附剂(CA)对禽体内黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的吸附作用,根据血清生化指标变化,研究其对霉菌毒素污染的脱毒效果。选取120羽7日龄体质量接近的健康雏鸡,随机分成4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,其中对照组饲喂正常饲料,试验Ⅰ组饲喂霉变饲料,试验Ⅱ组饲喂正常饲料+0.5%CA,试验Ⅲ组饲喂霉变饲料+0.5%CA。试验期为21d。所有鸡只分别在7、28日龄进行称重,试验结束时,经鸡翅静脉采血,测定血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱基磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)活性;同时,每组选取5只鸡剖检,观察脏器病变,取肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊,计算脏器系数。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组雏鸡肝脏、肾脏、脾脏脏器系数显著升高(P0.05),胸腺和法氏囊脏器系数显著降低(P0.05),血清TP和ALB含量显著下降(P0.05),ALT、ALP、LDH和MDA活性显著升高(P0.05),SOD活性显著降低(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的脏器系数显著降低(P0.05),TP和ALB的含量显著提高(P0.05),ALT、ALP和MDA的活性显著降低(P0.05),SOD活性显著升高(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组的脏器系数及生化指标与对照组相比差异均不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,CA对AFB1和DON有良好的吸附作用,可用于饲料中霉菌毒素的脱毒。