全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2762篇 |
免费 | 194篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 559篇 |
农学 | 39篇 |
基础科学 | 4篇 |
533篇 | |
综合类 | 222篇 |
农作物 | 75篇 |
水产渔业 | 72篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 1297篇 |
园艺 | 43篇 |
植物保护 | 112篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 40篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 95篇 |
2017年 | 100篇 |
2016年 | 89篇 |
2015年 | 65篇 |
2014年 | 79篇 |
2013年 | 187篇 |
2012年 | 170篇 |
2011年 | 156篇 |
2010年 | 83篇 |
2009年 | 83篇 |
2008年 | 153篇 |
2007年 | 148篇 |
2006年 | 144篇 |
2005年 | 144篇 |
2004年 | 147篇 |
2003年 | 132篇 |
2002年 | 120篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 88篇 |
1999年 | 46篇 |
1998年 | 36篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1962年 | 7篇 |
1961年 | 7篇 |
1958年 | 7篇 |
1957年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有2956条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Digestates vary in composition and studies regarding their impact on C and N dynamics in soils are scarce. The objective was to analyse the C and N dynamics of digestates originating from various substrates applied to a sandy Cambisol and a silty Anthrosol. In three laboratory experiments (4–6 weeks), the effects of digestate properties, N rate and water content were tested. Averaged over both soils, 21% of the C supplied was emitted as CO2. Potential NH3 emissions during the first week ranged between 6% and 12% of NH4+ present in the digestates. The emission factors in the sandy Cambisol were on average 1.2 and 2 times higher for CO2 and potential NH3, respectively, compared to the silty Anthrosol. Similarly, net nitrogen mineralization in the sandy Cambisol was approximately twice the N mineralized in the silty Anthrosol. Net nitrification was not influenced by soil texture or different digestates, but increased with increasing application rates and had highest values at 75% of water holding capacity. Our results indicate that the type of substrate input for anaerobic digestion influences the properties of the digestate and therefore the dynamics of C and N. However, soil texture can affect these dynamics markedly. 相似文献
62.
Irene Vänninen Heikki Hokkanen Johanna Tyni‐Juslin 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):167-183
Finnish isolates of Beauveria bassiana (8 isolates), Metarhizium anisopliae (7), Tolypocladium sp. (2), Paecilomyces farinosus (2), P. fumosoroseus (1), Steinernema feltiae (3) and Bacillus thuringiensis ('Muscabac') were tested for efficacy against mixed populations of Delia radicum and D. floralis under field conditions in 1986–90. All pathogens were applied preventatively, the fungi as aqueous conidial or mycelial suspensions, dry conidia or dry mycelial powder. In only two of the nine experiments did B. bassiana or M. anisopliae give some control. In 1986, B. bassiana SF85–2 and Tolypocladium sp. SF85–4 (both at rate 1.2 x 109 conidia plant‐ 1), and ‘Muscabac’ (25 g 1?1, 1 dl plant?1) reduced the number of pupae by 80%, 60% and 50%, respectively, as compared with untreated and chemical (isophenphos) controls. In 1990, M. anisopliae SF86–39 at rate 1.6 x 109conidia plant?1 and 1.5 x 108 CFU plant?1 and S. feltiae SFS‐22 (35000 plant?1), increased the yield of cauliflower 2.2, 1.8, and 2.3‐fold, respectively, as compared with the untreated control, but these yields were only 19%, 15% and 19% of those of the chemical (diazinon) control. Paecilomyces isolates were ineffective in the 1986 experiment in which they were included. Our results suggest that it is difficult to find efficient control agents among the fungal and nematode species tested for use as biopesticides against cabbage root flies, but that the potential of M. anisopliae against these pests deserves further study. 相似文献
63.
64.
Stärk KD 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2001,143(2):63-68
Sustainable animal production requires a healthy production system including healthy animals producing wholesome products. Epidemiology as a discipline is concerned with the occurrence of disease or disease indicators in populations as well as with factors influencing disease occurrence. By providing this information, epidemiology contributes significantly to the development and maintenance of healthy livestock. This is illustrated with the example of the enzootic pneumonia (EP) eradication programme of Switzerland. A series of observational studies were conducted in order to obtain the necessary knowledge to implement an area-wide EP eradication programme. The issues of economical eradication strategies at the herd level and the risk of re-infections were addressed. Simulation modelling and economical analysis were also applied. These research projects led to the successful start of a national eradication programme. The example of the EP eradication programme illustrates that applied epidemiological research provides critical information for the planning, implementation and evaluation of disease control programmes and is thus a key tool in developing sustainable animal production. 相似文献
65.
66.
Bätza HJ 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,108(8):333-337
Against the background of the certification system based on trust, an overview is given of the risk potential posed by the introduction of major animal diseases using tables setting out live animals and livestock products moved and/or imported into Germany as well as maps on the global occurrence of selected diseases figuring on List A of O.I.E. 相似文献
67.
MMP-9 as a marker of inflammation in tracheal epithelial lining fluid (TELF) and in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) of COPD horses 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Gelatinolytic activity was analysed to study whether elevated activity previously found at the tracheal level of the respiratory tract of horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could also be found at the lower part of the respiratory tract. Furthermore, presence and significance of the gelatinolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-2 and MMP-9 in respiratory secretions of healthy and COPD horses were determined. Elevated gelatinolytic matrix metalloproteinases were detected in bronchoalveolar and tracheobronchial secretions from COPD horses. The main pathologically elevated MMP was characterised to be MMP-9. Significantly increased MMP-9 activities as measured by gelatin zymography and Western blotting were found in all the respiratory samples from COPD horses compared to healthy horses. Elevation of active MMP-9 paralleled with increased gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) epithelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes expressed MMP-9 immunoreactivity demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and MMP-9 mRNA was expressed by bronchial epithelial cells of lung tissue section shown by in situ hybridisation. MMP-2 seems not to play a major role in chronic lung inflammation. No clear differences in MMP-2 or MMP-14 (a potent MMP-2 activator) levels were found when comparing the samples from COPD or healthy horses. These results suggests that MMP-9 could serve as a potential diagnostic marker for the active ongoing tissue remodelling in the acute phase of equine COPD. Increased gelatinolytic activity could be found at both tested respiratory tract levels. Therefore, tracheal epithelial lining fluid (TELF) samples can usefully serve as diagnostic material for detection of increased levels of the main gelatinolytic MMP, MMP-9, representing the entire diseased lung. 相似文献
68.
Köhler H Gyra H Zimmer K Dräger KG Burkert B Lemser B Hausleithner D Cubler K Klawonn W Hess RG 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2001,48(3):185-195
After immunization of four calves with a live modified Mycobacterium paratuberculosis vaccine the course of the humoral and cell mediated immune reactions was studied during a 2-year clinical investigation. Furthermore, the possibility of shedding of the vaccine strain and the influence of the vaccination on the tuberculin skin test was determined. In addition to standard procedures recently developed diagnostic methods (antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, interferon-gamma test, polymerase chain reaction) were used. A cell-mediated immune reaction, reflected in an increased, specifically induced, interferon-gamma production developed much earlier (1-2 weeks post-immunization) than humoral immunity (8-16 weeks post-gamma immunization). While the increase in antibody titres was transient, declining to extremely low levels 48-60 weeks post-immunization, cell-mediated immunity remained detectable until the end of the investigation. Spread of the vaccine strain into the body and shedding were never detected during the whole course of the study except for one colon site in one calf. As late as 2 years after vaccine application positive or doubtful skin reactions against M. bovis purified protein derivative were measured, reflecting possible interference of the immunization with the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. At the end of the investigation, a positive cell-mediated immune reaction was detected the control animal although clinical, pathological and bacteriological examinations gave no indication for a mycobacterial infection. 相似文献
69.
Edinger D Tenhagen BA Heuwieser W Kalbe P Klünder G Baumgärtner B 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1999,106(11):470-474
A retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the effect of clinical mastitis in heifers during the first week post partum (p.p.) on subsequent health and productivity. Primiparous cows that had calved between August 15th, 1996 and August 14th, 1997 (n = 1389) were included in the study. Milk samples were collected from each quarter post partum prior to first milking. The predominant group of bacteria found were Staphylococcus spp. (69%) followed by Streptococcus spp.(12%) and E. coli (5%). Intramammary infections at calving increased the risk of clinical mastitis within the first week p.p. The cow incidence of mastitis until day 7 p. p. was 38%. Cows were classified into three groups. Group 1: Animals with clinical mastitis prior to calving (n = 35); Group 2: Animals with clinical mastitis between calving and 7 days p. p. (n = 503); Group 3: Animals without mastitis until 7 days p. p. (n = 851). Mastitis prior to parturition and mastitis within the first week p.p. increased the risk of further cases of mastitis and culling during the first 45 days of lactation. Milk yield of Group 2 was lower and somatic cell counts were higher than in Group 3. 相似文献
70.
Pedersen HD Häggström J Falk T Mow T Olsen LH Iversen L Jensen AL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(1):56-64
Observer variation in diagnosing mild mitral regurgitation in dogs by cardiac auscultation was assessed by having 6 veterinarians with different levels of experience examine 57 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Comparisons with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography were made, and the effects of 2 physical maneuvers on the auscultatory findings were evaluated. Using mildly diseased dogs, interobserver agreement in diagnosing the presence or absence of left-sided murmurs ranged from 63% to 88%. The agreement with phonocardiography (range, 53-91%) increased with the amount of observer experience. The 2 most experienced observers could discern soft ejection murmurs from regurgitant murmurs and were able to diagnose 89% of the dogs with regurgitant jets larger than 30% of the left atrial area. In general, less experienced observers diagnosed most jets larger than 50%. In many dogs with small jets, no murmur was found by auscultation and phonocardiography. The audibility of mild regurgitation was significantly reduced in dogs that were difficult to auscultate. Early systolic murmurs were typical of mild regurgitation, whereas holosystolic murmurs typified severe regurgitation. In a few dogs, late systolic murmurs alternated with holosystolic murmurs. Systolic clicks were found phonocardiographically in 18 dogs with mild to moderate regurgitation, but the audibility apparently was low. In many mildly affected dogs, physical maneuvers increased murmur intensity. Thus, some form of dynamic auscultation might facilitate the diagnosis of mild regurgitation. Auscultatory findings in mild regurgitation appear to depend on observer experience, circulatory status, and how difficult the dog is to auscultate. 相似文献