玉米细胞质雄性不育系JnA的分组鉴定及利用

首先对玉米细胞质雄性不育系JnA进行小斑病菌接种鉴定,同时对其花药、花粉形态观察,通过恢保关系鉴定,F2育性分离观察及F1花粉碘液染色镜检,初步确定JnA属于S组细胞质雄性不育。从JnA×恢313的F2出现少量不育株和半恢株的情况看,JnA的不育性的恢复既受主基因控制,又受微效多基因作用。细胞学显微观察发现JnA的败育时期发生在单核晚期至二核花粉期,败育发生与绒毡层解体异常有关。同时对JnA在生产上利用的可行性作了初步研究。     

Effect of dietary n-6-to-n-3 fatty acid ratio on complete blood and total white blood cell counts, and T-cell subpopulations in aged dogs

OBJECTIVE: To determine effect of diets with variable n-6-to-n-3 fatty acid (FA) ratio on CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and on results of routine laboratory analyses (CBC and total WBC count, serum biochemical analyses, and urinalysis). ANIMALS: 20 healthy, aged (9.5 to 11.5 years old) female Beagles. PROCEDURE: Dogs were fed 1 of 3 diets that contained 6% fat by weight but differed in amounts of n-6 and n-3 FA. For 11 weeks, 6 dogs were fed a low concentration of n-3 FA (ratio, 31:1), 7 were fed a medium concentration (5.4:1), and 7 were fed a high concentration (1.4:1). Preprandial blood and urine samples were collected before beginning the study and at 8 weeks for evaluation of laboratory variables. Before and at 3, 6, and 8 weeks during the study, blood was drawn for total WBC and lymphocyte counts and for characterization of T-cell subpopulations. At 8 and 10 weeks, dogs were vaccinated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin suspension. Blood was drawn 4 days after each vaccination, and lymphocytes were isolated for flow cytometry. Effects of diet and vaccination on each variable were determined. RESULTS: After vaccination, total lymphocyte count increased and CD4+ T lymphocyte count and the CD4(+)-to-CD8+ ratio decreased in dogs consuming the diet with n-6-to-n-3 FA ratio of 1.4:1. CONCLUSION: Feeding a diet with n-6-to-n-3 FA ratio of 1.4:1 had significant effects on CD4+ T lymphocytes in healthy, aged Beagles after vaccination.     

The application of the indirect fluorescent antibody test in research on heartwater

The preparation of the antigen, details of the reagents, the titration of the antispecies conjugates and the execution of the indirect fluorescent antibody test are described. The sensitivity and specificity of the test and its applicability to the detection of antibodies to Cowdria ruminantium are recorded. The test is both highly specific and sensitive and can be applied to a wide range of studies on heartwater, including epidemiology, determination of the C. ruminantium infection rate of Amblyomma ticks and the evaluation of immunization against heartwater. The test can also be used to detect antibodies to the heartwater agent in the sera of game.     

围产期奶牛免疫抑制发生原因及其缓解的营养对策

奶牛围产期一般是指产前3周至产后3周这一时期,此时奶牛生理、代谢和免疫功能发生显著变化,会出现不同程度的免疫抑制现象。由于免疫功能下降,此时也是传染病的高发期,严重影响奶牛健康,进而导致产后牛奶品质下降。因此,如何缓解围产期奶牛免疫抑制状态,降低产后的发病率,已成为目前研究的一个热点。本文综述了围产期奶牛发生免疫抑制的原因及用于缓解的营养对策。     

‘玉露香梨’果实发育中细胞壁组分和水解酶活性的变化

为揭示‘玉露香梨’果实发育期质地变化机理。探寻‘玉露香梨’果实细胞壁在果实生长过程中各组分的变化趋势,为梨果实品质调控提供科学依据。通过检测果实发育期细胞壁含量、细胞壁组成物质含量、果胶酶、纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性。‘玉露香梨’成熟时细胞壁含量仅为原含量的1/9;细胞壁水溶性果胶和离子型果胶含量呈现上升趋势,而共价结合型果胶含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势;纤维素和半纤维素含量呈先上升后下降的趋势; ‘玉露香梨’生长发育期内果胶酶活性呈现上升趋势,成熟期活性上升了3.8倍多,纤维素酶活性在‘玉露香梨’发育期,呈现上升趋势。随着‘玉露香梨’果实的生长发育,细胞壁含量及组分在细胞壁水解酶的作用下,随之发生了变化。     

草业科学专业本科生“科研助理”培养模式探索——以甘肃农业大学为例

人才培养是高校的根本使命,新时期不断创新办学理念,探索新型培养模式,对全面实施素质教育,提高教育质量至关重要。根据甘肃农业大学本科生"科研助理"培养模式,结合草业科学专业的特点,分析了"科研助理"培养模式及其宗旨,介绍了几种"科研助理"培养模式的常用方法,阐述了各种方法的优缺点和应用情况,还就其运行机制和实施情况等进行了说明,最后探讨了存在的一些问题及其保障措施。旨在加强本科生"科研助理"培养模式的培养效果,为高校草业科学专业与其他专业人才培养提供参考。     

Effects of magnesium on the performance of sows and their piglets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental magnesium (Mg) on the performance of gilts and parity 3 sows and their piglets. Fifty-six gilts (Trial 1) and 56 sows (Trial 2) were assigned to one of 4 treatments according to their mating weight, respectively. The treatments comprised corn-soybean meal based gestation and lactation diets (0.21% magnesium) supplemented with 0, 0.015, 0.03, or 0.045% Mg from mating until weaning. The results showed that magnesium supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the weaning to estrus interval in both gilts and sows. There were significant effects (P < 0.05) of supplemental magnesium on the total number of piglets born, born alive and weaned in sows. In late gestation and lactation, the digestibility of crude fiber (quadratic effects, P < 0.05), and crude protein (P < 0.05), were significantly influenced by magnesium in gilts and sows, respectively. There were differences among the 4 groups in terms of the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fiber in sows (P < 0.05) during both early and late gestation. The apparent digestibility of gross energy was increased for sows in late gestation (P < 0.05), and lactation (quadratic effects, P < 0.05). At farrowing and weaning, serum prolactin levels and alkaline phosphate activities linearly increased in sows as the Mg supplementation increased (P < 0.05). Serum Mg of sows at farrowing and serum urea nitrogen of sows at weaning was significantly influenced by Mg supplementation (P < 0.05). The Mg concentration in sow colostrum and the serum of their piglets were increased by supplemental magnesium (P < 0.05). In addition, growth hormone levels were linearly elevated (P < 0.05) in the serum of piglets suckling sows. Our data demonstrated that supplemental magnesium has the potential to improve the reproduction performance of sows, and the suitable supplemental dose ranged from 0.015% to 0.03%.     

制备奶牛子宫内膜炎中药栓剂的优选方案研究

以中药制剂栓的色泽、不溶物、融变时限为标准,运用正交试验的方法优选治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎中药栓的制备方案.结果优选出的方案为聚乙二醇(PEG)1500 5g、PEG6000 25g,中药混合提取物6g,此方案稳定可行,并且由此制得的中药栓各项指标均符合药典规定.     

鸡新城疫病毒地方株的分离鉴定及其遗传变异分析

从河北省保定地区发病鸡群中分离到2个具有血凝性的病毒株分别命名为HBA和HBB,其血凝作用可被NDV阳性血清抑制,而不能被AIV(H9亚型)、EDS76阳性血清抑制,表明2个分离株均为新城疫病毒。通过测定MDT、ICPI和IVPI等方法鉴定分离株的毒力符合强毒标准。利用RT-PCR技术成功扩增了2株分离株的F基因片段(约540bp),通过测序及遗传变异分析表明两毒株之间的核苷酸同源性为87.7%,氨基酸同源性为91.6%,结合系统发育进化树分析表明HBA为基因Ⅵ型,HBB为基因Ⅶ型。     

2013年春季黑龙江省大豆市场分析及后市展望

受春季降水多、积雪厚、回暖晚的不利气象条件影响,2013年黑龙江省大豆播种延后1周以上。由于种植效益低,农民种豆积极性低,黑龙江省北部地区大豆面积继续保持下降趋势。在大豆市场方面,黑龙江省农民忙于春耕生产,加工企业多数停产,大豆市场购销停滞,大豆价格平稳回落。展望后市,进口大豆将供给充足,后期国内大豆价格震荡回落;国际大豆价格将呈现震荡走低格局。