Antioxidant Properties of Isolated Isorhamnetin from the Sea Buckthorn Marc

In the present study, the process of separation and purification of isohamnetin from marc of sea buckthorn was obtained. The antioxidant properties of the pure isolated isorhamnetin were evaluated by the scavenging of the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), iron (III) to iron (II)—reducing, and iron-chelating assays. High purity isorhamnetin (92.1%) was obtained and the results of antioxidant assays showed that isorhamnetin performed significantly compared with ascorbic acid and BHT, and the linear correlations were good in these assays. In conclusion, isorhamnetin may have potential as a natural antioxidant to alternate synthetic substances as food additive with its antioxidant activity.     

The limiting irregularity of single wool fibers

Fiber irregularity affects fiber mechanical properties. This study has, for the first time, introduced the concept of limiting irregularity to single wool fibers. The limiting irregularity is the minimum variation in fiber cross sectional area that can be expected of a single wool fiber, assuming a random length-wise distribution of its constituent cortical cells. Cortical cells were extracted from merino wool fibers and their dimensions were measured from SEM images to calculate their cross sectional area variations both between cortical cells and within cortical cells, and to work out the average number of cortical cells in the cross section of wool fibers of a given diameter. Single wool fibers were also measured at 5 μm interval along length for fiber diameter variations. These variations were found to be larger than that based on fiber limiting irregularity.     

萝卜花药愈伤组织诱导及褐变因素初探

以萝卜为试材,研究了不同激素配比、供体基因型、光照与温度以及蔗糖浓度对花药愈伤组织诱导的影响,同时比较研究了花药愈伤组织褐变过程中几种抗氧化酶活性变化。结果如下：P403在2.0mg/L 2,4-D+1.0mg/L 6-BA+2.0mg/L KT的MS培养基中愈伤组织的诱导率最高,愈伤组织开始褐化的时间晚,抗氧化酶的活性较高;同时进行低温预处理、高温预培养和初期暗培养的协同效果较任何一种单独处理好;6%的蔗糖浓度有利于愈伤组织的诱导。     

Caffeoyl Glycoside对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响

本实验室从胡黄连根茎分离到1,6-di-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside单体Caffeoyl Glycoside（CG）,体外试验测定其对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响。通过MTT法检测CG对Balb／c小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,NK细胞对K562细胞杀伤活性的影响,以及小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（PMφ）能量代谢水平;CG对PMφ吞噬中性红能力的影响。CG在一定剂量范围内单独或者协同非特异性丝裂原（ConA或LPS）作用均能够显著增强小鼠脾淋巴细胞、PMφ的增殖能力（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,CG单独作用就能显著提高NK对K562细胞的杀伤活性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。CG在体外对小鼠主要免疫细胞的增值和功能方面具有显著的促进作用（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。研究结果显示CG具有特异性与非特异性的免疫增强作用。     

长春地区鹿源性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析

调查吉林省长春市周边地区（榆树、农安、九台、双阳和德惠）腹泻梅花鹿源大肠杆菌的血清型分布和耐药性。对梅花鹿源大肠杆菌进行分离、培养和生化反应鉴定;并对所得菌株进行玻片凝集法确定血清型;用平板扩散法或肉汤微量稀释法测定其对15种抗菌药物的敏感性;利用PCR方法检测9种耐药基因。共得到127株大肠杆菌,84株大肠杆菌属于36种不同的血清型,其中47株属于11种血清型,即O2,O7,O9,O21,O26,O87,O126,O128,O138,O142和O154;所得菌株对15种抗菌药物呈现不同程度的耐药性;耐药基因strB、strA、aadA、tetA和sul2在被检菌株中最为流行。菌株对磺胺类和四环素耐药性最严重, 而且大多数菌株呈多重耐药性;对阿莫西林、卡那霉素较为敏感。对临床用药有指导意义。     

河道生态修复的前沿领域

在广泛查阅国内外河道生态修复与功能重建相关资料的基础上,对生态河道的特征与前沿领域进行了总结与分析,并结合我国的实际情况,提出了河道生态修复的努力方向。       

Interaction between the eui gene and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in rice

Panicle enclosure is a typical phenotype of almost all male-sterile rice lines. An elongated uppermost internode (eui) mutant exhibited notably rapid elongation of the uppermost internode at the heading stage; this is considered as a potential mechanism to eliminate panicle enclosure. We developed thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile (TGMS) eui mutants that were characterized by notably elongated uppermost internodes. The elongation of the uppermost internode in the TGMS eui mutant Changxuan 3S (CX) is mainly attributed to an increase in cell number and cell elongation, the latter being the more significant process. Temperature treatments revealed that the effects of temperature on panicle exsertion were similar to those on fertility and that the most temperature-sensitive stage coincides with the period from the formation of the pollen mother cell to meiosis during panicle initiation. These results indicate that elongation increases as temperature decreases and that the expression of the eui gene is more efficient at low temperatures than at high temperatures. In hybrid rice seed production using the TGMS eui mutant, the temperature range should be optimized at 24–28°C in order to preserve the development of completely male-sterile pollen and to eliminate panicle enclosure. Consequently, by using TGMS eui rice lines, gibberellin application can be avoided, thereby reducing the cost of hybrid seed production. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

12个杂交水稻不育系异交性能的测定

制种实践表明,不育系的开花历程、柱头外露、柱头面积、开颖角度和开闭颖时间等异交特性与制种产量密切相关.本试验在大田条件下对目前荆州地区生产上一直大面积使用的12个杂交水稻不育系的异交性能进行了测定和综合评价.结果表明,供试材料在所有异交性能上均出现了不同程度的差异,有的差异达显著水平.最近培育的组合在柱头外露率、午前花率与开花集中程度等方面取得了明显进步.采用综合评判法对供试材料进行了评价,结果表明,供试不育系的异交性能由高到低可分成3档,最优不育系与最差不育系相比,综合指数相差约1倍;第1档综合评分在3.40～3.85,依次为粤泰A、川香29A、Q2A、顺A、中9A和培矮64S;第2档综合得分在2.55～3.10,依次有金23A、珍汕97A、Ⅱ-32A和冈46A;第3档综合评分为2.0以下,有荆楚814A和V20A.     

中国种业如何应对国际并购——有感于娃哈哈与达能之争的启示

随着入世后过渡期的结束、农业投入品及服务市场的放开,种子行业即将成为外资到中国跨国并购的新一轮热点。最近中国娃哈哈与法国达能的商标之争,其实都是合资过程中隐藏的核心问题,非常值得我们深思和借鉴。他们今天争论的焦点或许将是种子行业明天要面对的问题。本文着重于阐述提高对跨国并购的理性认识,结合中国种业的现状,按照种子国际化的原则,提出了一些具体的应对策略。     

皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法的建立

为考察抗真菌先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性.建立一种皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法.以NCCLS(CLSI)M38-A产孢丝状真菌抗真菌药敏试验参考方案为基础,笔者对6种溶媒对红色毛癣菌生长系数的影响进行了考察.对红色毛癣菌的孢子接种量、所用培养基、孵育温度和时间以及终点判定等条件进行了修正.各种溶媒的工作浓度应该分别不高于1%(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)、8%(聚乙二醇200)、2%(二甲基亚砜)、4%(丙酮)、8%(无水乙醇)、2%(1,2-丙二醇).红色毛癣菌孢子接种量在1×104～5.0×104CFU/ml、培养温度28℃、培养时间7d、80%的菌株生长受到抑制时作为判定的终点是理想的测定条件.改良后的M38-A方案,其试验结果可靠,具有很强的重现性,适合作为考察先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性的药敏试验方法.