不同磷水平对不同基因型烤烟磷素吸收动力学参数特征的影响

采用砂培营养液培养方法,研究了不同基因型烤烟在缺磷(-P)、适磷(+P)、过磷(++P)处理10 d后对磷吸收情况及(H2PO4--P)吸收动力学参数特征。结果表明:经不同磷水平预处理后,不同基因型烤烟品种对H2PO4--P的吸收符合离子吸收动力学模型,其吸收动力学参数Vmax值与Km值随磷浓度的增加存在较大差异,随磷浓度的增加,K326的Vmax值增大,Km值增加;粤烟97在+P浓度处理时Vmax值最大,Km值最小;粤烟98在++P浓度处理时Vmax值最大,Km值最小。-P处理时,不同烤烟品种对H2PO4--P的吸收速率表现为:K326>粤烟97>粤烟98;+P处理时,对H2PO4--P的吸收速率表现为:K326≈粤烟97>粤烟98;++P处理时,对H2PO4--P的吸收速率表现为:K326>粤烟97≈粤烟98。上述结果表明,不同浓度磷供应对不同品种烤烟H2PO4--P吸收速率影响较大,不同基因型烤烟亲和力水平存在差异;低磷胁迫对K326低亲和力系统H2PO4--P吸收速率具有促进作用,高磷胁迫对粤烟98高亲和力系统H2PO4--P吸收速率具有促进作用,而低磷、高磷胁迫对粤烟97磷吸收速率均存在抑制作用。     

防治田埂子囊盘控制油菜菌核病研究

对稻油连作区油菜菌核病的控制,采用大面积连片喷药防治田埂子囊盘的方法,可有效地降低初侵染菌源量,从而降低发病程度。该法对油菜菌核病控制效果:在防治区内,离防治边缘100、200、400及1000m分别为69.4％、85.6％、91.8％和97.2％。本文还对油菜菌核病病原子囊孢子的传播距离作了探索性试验。     

基于TaqMan实时荧光PCR技术快速筛查转基因玉米

随着全球转基因玉米种植面积日益扩大,快速筛查转基因玉米技术需求与日俱增.本研究以转基因玉米混合样品(1％,0.5％,0.1％,0.05％,0.01％)为试验材料,应用TaqMan real-time PCR和毛细管荧光检测电泳技术对转基因的2个元件CaMV35S启动子和NOS终止子进行检测.结果 表明两种检测技术均可筛...     

毕节市耕地土壤pH的空间变异特征与影响因素

为了探讨耕地土壤pH的空间变异及影响因素,以贵州省毕节市为研究区域,开展了耕地土壤pH的实地监测调查,获取了各监测点的空间位置和属性数据。结合地统计学和GIS方法,探讨了耕地土壤pH的空间变异特征。结果表明:毕节市0~10 cm层耕地土壤pH分布于5.12~9.20,土壤pH最优插值模型:趋势指数为1,插值模型为有理二次方程式,块金值与基台值之比为65.10%,表现出中等的空间相关性,说明结构性因素(自然因素)对0~10 cm层耕地土壤pH影响较大。在不同母质中,耕地土壤pH从小到大为:基性岩类、砂页岩类、河流冲积物、碳酸盐岩类、紫色岩类、泥质岩类、石英岩类。在不同土壤类型中,耕地土壤pH由小到大为:6.29、6.83、7.07、7.17、8.20,对应土壤类型分别为:石灰土、黄壤、黄棕壤、紫色土、棕壤。与地形的相关分析表明,耕地土壤pH与高程、坡度、坡向分别为中等相关、弱相关、中等相关。总的来说,耕地土壤pH受结构性因素(自然因素)和人为因素影响的共同作用。     

小麦籽粒WSC含量QTL的整合与元分析

在干旱胁迫条件下,小麦营养器官暂贮性可溶性碳水化合物(Water-soluble carbohydrates,WSC)是小麦籽粒灌浆所需的重要碳源。为发掘控制小麦籽粒WSC含量的真实主效数量性状位点(Quantitative trait loci,QTL),利用生物信息学方法,借助小麦高密度分子标记遗传图谱,对来自不同遗传作图群体的控制小麦籽粒WSC含量的168个QTL位点进行图谱映射和元分析。结果发现,142个QTL定位区间与参考图谱有共有标记,其中92个QTL对籽粒WSC含量的表型变异具有增效效应,50个QTL具有减效效应。建立控制小麦籽粒WSC含量的QTL一致性图谱,获得16个"一致性"QTL(Meta quantitative trait loci,MQTL)位点及其连锁标记,MQTL置信区间最小达到0.77cM。     

由麻疹思考小反刍兽疫的问题

小反刍兽疫(Peste des petits ruminants,PPR)是山羊、绵羊等小反刍兽类的急性接触传染性疾病,国际上将小反刍兽疫归为A类传染病.目前除非洲、中东和南亚次大陆传播外,在我国周边地区的许多国家和地区也频繁出现流行.因此,该病作为一种重大的跨国动物疫病,也在开始危害我国西藏和其他地区的动物生产和卫生安全[1-2].     

The effect of different combinations of lignocaine,ketoprofen, xylazine and tolazoline on the acute cortisol response to dehorning in calves

AIMS: The aims of this study were (a) to evaluate the effect of xylazine and tolazoline, with and without lignocaine, on the cortisol response of calves following amputation dehorning and (b) to assess the effect of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ketoprofen) and local anaesthesia on the cortisol response of calves to amputation dehorning.

METHODS: Plasma cortisol concentrations were measured in 100 dehorned or non-dehorned 3-month-old calves over an 8-h period following five different sedative/analgesic or control treatments. Sedative/analgesic treatments were: control (no anaesthesia); local anaesthesia and ketoprofen; local anaesthesia and xylazine; local anaesthesia, xylazine and tolazoline; and xylazine only. Within each sedative/analgesic treatment group, half the calves (n=10 per group) were amputation dehorned and half were not dehorned.

RESULTS: The change in plasma cortisol concentrations in calves dehorned after being given ketoprofen and local anaesthesia did not differ significantly from that of non-dehorned control calves for at least 8 h. In contrast, the cortisol response of dehorned calves not given analgesic drugs peaked 30 min after dehorning and lasted >4 h. Xylazine injected before dehorning significantly reduced but did not eliminate the peak of the cortisol response. When both xylazine and local anaesthesia were administered before dehorning the peak in the cortisol response was virtually eliminated. In the dehorned calves that received xylazine with or without local anaesthesia, cortisol concentration increased significantly 3 h after dehorning and did not return to baseline until at least 5 h later. When tolazoline was administered shortly after xylazine, it caused a marked cortisol response, higher than the response to any other treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: Combining ketoprofen and local anaesthesia minimised the cortisol response, and by inference the pain- induced distress, following amputation dehorning in calves. Xylazine reduced the initial cortisol response to dehorning but not as much as when local anaesthesia was also given. The increase in cortisol concentration from 3–8 h after dehorning in calves given xylazine alone or in combination with local anaesthesia suggests that calves experienced pain-induced distress during this time and that xylazine had no long-term analgesic effect. Tolazoline, used to reverse the sedative effects of xylazine, caused a marked cortisol response in calves via a mechanism which remains unclear.     

Characterization of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions among strains of the Fusobacterium necrophorum cluster

The 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum and F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme were characterized. Products of two sizes, about 360 bp (small) and 530 bp (large), were generated by PCR amplification from the 16S-23S rRNA ISR of all the strains tested. The large and small 16S-23S rRNA ISRs of F. necrophorum exhibited a level of sequence similarity of 93.9% to 99.7% and 94.2% to 98.6% homologies within the species, respectively. Only the large spacer regions in these bacteria contained one or two tRNA genes. F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum contains the isoleucine and alanine tRNA gene, whereas F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme contains the isoleucine tRNA gene.     

高效液相色谱法测定伊维菌素脂质体药物的含量及包封率

本试验旨在建立伊维菌素脂质体载体药物含量及包封率测定的高效液相色谱法。Waters surfire C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈—甲醇—水(62∶30∶8),流速1 mL/min,检测波长245 nm,进样量10 μL,柱温30 ℃。采用凝胶过滤法、透析法、冷冻超速离心法、超滤离心法4种方法对脂质体与药物进行分离。结果表明,在优化色谱条件下伊维菌素与辅料及溶剂峰均得到良好分离,伊维菌素在1～50 μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998,n=5),最终采用超速冷冻离心法可将脂质体与药物很好的分离,伊维菌素脂质载体的包封率可达98.54%±1.6%。该方法准确可靠、简单快速,可用于伊维菌素脂质体载体药物含量及包封率的测定。     

Long-term survival of four dogs with disseminated Aspergillus terreus infection treated with itraconazole

SUMMARY Four dogs with disseminated aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus terreus were treated with oral itraconazole for 190 to 1095 days. Infection was eliminated in 1 dog. Two dogs were treated for 1000 and 1095 days but were eventually euthanased 572 and 485 days after treatment was stopped. At necropsy both dogs had widespread aspergillosis. The fourth dog was euthanased for other reasons after 190 days of treatment when it was showing a good clinical response although there was radiographic evidence that the disease was progressing.