农林类院校《测量学》课程思政教学改革与实践

为加强大学生的思想政治教育和提高课堂教学质量,以农林类院校专业课《测量学》为例构建专业课程思政体系,实施课程思政目标的有效教学路径,探索育才与育人相统一的教学模式,实现价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养的有机统一,可为其他专业课程思政教学改革与实践提供新思路与借鉴。      

Effects of carvedilol on murine viral myocarditis

AIM: To observe the effects of carvedilol on murine viral myocarditis model. METHODS: A total of 188 inbred male BALB/c mice of 4-6 weeks were divided into 4 groups: myocarditis group (group C, n=60), metoprolol treatment group (group M, n=60), carvedilol treatment group (group K, n=60), control group (group B, n=8). Myocardial histopathololgic changes were observed. The concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Western blotting was performed to analyze the contents of phosphorylated p38MAPK in myocardium. RESULTS: Metropolol and carvedilol lightened myocardial histopathololgic changes at acute stage, decreased cTn-I concentrations and myocardial phosphorylated p38MAPK value compared with myocarditis group. Treatment with carvedilol was more effective than treated with metropolol on those indexes. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol protects against viral myocarditis by inhibition of p38MAPK signal transduction pathway through blockade of β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors.     

Effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of autogenous vein graft in rats. METHODS: The model of autogenous vein graft was prepared by transplanting the external jugular vein into aorta in Wistar rats. The rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group, graft control group and graft experimental group. From three days after transplantation, the rats of autograft experimental group were treated by atorvastatin at a dosage of 5 mg·kg-1·d-1. Four weeks after treatment, venous autografts were removed at autopsy and cut into 4 μm sections. Histopathological examination was carried out to analysis the neointimal hyperplasia of grafted veins. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate SMα-actin and PCNA expression of neointimal cells in venous autografts. RESULTS: In venous autograft control and experimental groups, SMα-actin-positive smooth muscle cells were proliferated and accumulated excessively in venous autografts, which resulted in significant neointimal formation and vascular lumen narrowing. Neointima quantitative assay revealed that the neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts was suppressed obviously in graft experimental group, and its neointimal area and NIA/MA ratio of venous autografts were significantly lower than those in graft control group (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical assay indicated that the PCNA labeling index of neointimal cells was significantly lower in graft experimental group than that in graft control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin significantly inhibits the proliferation of neointimal smooth muscle cells and the development of neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats. Atorvastatin is a powerful inhibitor of restenosis after vascular reconstructive operation with a potential for therapeutic use.     

费约果生物学特性及营养与药用价值研究

费约果是一种集食用、药用与观赏一体的经济价值较高的新兴果树。现介绍费约果的生物学特性,综述果实、叶片、果皮和花的营养成分与药用价值及其利用情况,并对费约果在食品、制药和化妆品等工业的应用和发展前景进行展望。     

一种平菇褐斑病病原菌的鉴定

本文将从平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)褐斑病中分离纯化的240多个菌株中,选出使平菇褐斑病发病快且病情严重的菌株PG1702,对其进行致病性试验,结果表明菌株PG1702为引起平菇细菌性褐斑病的病原菌;显微形态的观察和扩增出的16S rDNA序列与GenBank比对结果表明菌株PG1702为托拉斯假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas tolaasii Paine).     

不同水肥调控措施对冬小麦产量影响的研究

水分不足和养分缺乏是制约广大旱作农业地区生产发展的两个关键因素.以冬小麦为供试作物,采用田间试验的研究方法,探讨了不同水肥调控技术措施(施肥和补充灌溉)对冬小麦产量和水分利用效率等之间的关系,获得了主要结论:中水中肥冬小麦产量最高,其水分的利用效率也最高.     

基于ELES模型的农民灌溉水价支付能力水平界定

从支付能力的角度定量研究农民对灌溉水价的承受能力,采用扩展线性支出系统(ELES)模型,通过实例计算分析了农户总体收支及水费支出、农民基本消费需求支出和支付能力水平的界定标准等,并分析了支付能力的主要影响因素.结果表明:研究区域内农民年人均纯收入774元和1 300元是支付能力水平的分界线,无支付能力、有一定支付能力和有支付能力的农户分别占6.1%、9.7%和84.2%;支付能力较低的农户均以农业生产为主要收入来源;不同支付能力组之间农民年人均水费支出与平均水费支出均无显著差异;耕地面积、农业收入和非农业收入对农民支付能力具有显著的影响.     

低剂量核辐射在文蛤生产中的应用研究

用60 Co C射线辐照文蛤幼贝, 研究其对文蛤生长及抗病性的影响。A 组预试验结果表明: 低剂量60 Co C射线辐照对促生长有效, 高剂量辐射抑制了文蛤生长。B组正式试验辐照剂量(低剂量) 3. 23 @ 10- 7 ~ 25. 80 @ 10- 7C / kg。低剂量辐射试验结果表明: 46 d后, 试验组平均壳高及平均体重均高于对照组, 分别增加15% ~ 21% 和16% ~ 26%; 276 d后, 试验组的平均壳高较对照组增加17% ~ 23%, 且试验组文蛤的抗病性远优于对照组。61 45@ 10- 7 ~ 19. 35 @ 10- 7 C /kg 低剂量为促进文蛤幼贝生长、提高抗病性的有效剂量范围。     

甲壳类酪氨酸酶促褐变的研究进展

甲壳类的虾、蟹以其味美及营养价值高而深受人们喜爱.虾、蟹既是我国渔业经济中的重要产业,又是出口创汇的主要产品之一.近年来,我国虾、蟹养殖业发展迅猛,已经成为渔业经济发展的一大产业.2005年,我国甲壳类生产量达到3.2406×106 t,占水产品总产量的近10%,其中,海水养殖产量8.285×105 t,淡水养殖产量3.108×106 t.但是,由于虾、蟹在常温保存中容易褐变,生产者为延长货架期往往在加工中过量使用添加剂,从而导致二氧化硫超标的现象时有发生;此外,腌制梭子蟹在低温保存加工中也容易发生褐变.这些不仅严重影响产品本身的经济价值,而且亚硫酸盐等不适当的添加还给食品安全埋下了隐患.因此,深入开展虾蟹等甲壳类防褐变保鲜技术的研究显得尤为重要和迫切.     

外源植酸酶提高土壤磷素有效性的研究

土壤有机磷对土壤肥力和植物营养有重要的影响,但只有在水解转化为无机磷后才能被植物吸收利用,必须提高土壤磷素的有效性.植酸酶是一类特殊的酸性磷酸酶,被广泛应用于饲料中的添加剂并引入土壤,以研究其对土壤磷酸酶活性和有机磷转化的影响,进而提高土壤磷素有效性.