干旱胁迫下杠柳种子萌发期保护酶活性及丙二醛含量变化

用含有5种不同质量分数PEG-6000的1/2 Hoagland溶液模拟干旱胁迫,研究杠柳种子萌发期的过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫程度的增加,POD活性整体呈现增长趋势,说明低质量分数PEG能够刺激诱导自由基清除系统中POD活性的增加;MDA含量随PEG质量分数的升高而增长,说明干旱胁迫程度增加使种子内活性氧的量增加,膜质过氧化程度随之增加,产物MDA含量升高;在PEG质量分数为25%时,POD活性降低,MDA含量明显增加,说明干旱胁迫增加到一定程度时,POD活性会受到抑制,活性氧的量增加,膜的受损程度增加。     

梨幼树到结果初期春施15N–尿素的利用及其在土壤的残留与损失

2014—2016年,以‘黄冠’梨为材料,采用15N示踪技术研究了从幼树期到结果初期梨树对春季施用氮素的吸收利用及土壤残留与损失情况。研究结果表明,幼树期(2014—2015年)梨树生长以中心干和粗根等树体骨干结构建立为主,生长量相对较小;进入结果初期(2016年)后树体生长表现为树体骨干结构建立为主,枝梢等营养器官生长与产量形成并存,生长量大幅增加。整个试验期间,树体贮藏器官的标记氮素吸收量较大,其中幼树期中心干吸收量最大,结果初期粗根吸收量最大。0~100 cm土层标记氮素残留量随土层深度和施用年限增加逐渐降低,其中,施用标记氮素后第1年(2014年),土壤标记氮素残留量较高,残留率达63.61%,梨幼树对标记氮素利用率仅为3.25%。随后两年(2015—2016年)土壤残留量较低,树体对标记氮素利用率仅为0.51%和0.80%。试验结束时,幼树期到结果初期梨树对标记氮素的累计利用率为4.57%,土壤标记氮素残留量为20.34%,损失率达75.07%。     

猪hnRNPUL1基因克隆及变异剪接体鉴定

旨在克隆民猪hnRNPUL1基因全长编码区（complete coding sequence，CDS）序列并进行可变剪接分析，研究其组织表达和亚细胞定位情况。本研究以3头3月龄民猪为试验材料，利用RT-PCR技术克隆hnRNPUL1基因CDS及可变剪接体，应用qRT-PCR检测其在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、大肠、小肠、背肌、腿肌等组织中的表达情况，同时，在生物信息学预测的基础上，通过融合表达绿色荧光蛋白的方法鉴定核定位序列。研究结果表明，猪hnRNPUL1基因（GenBank accession No.：MN399154）CDS全长2 580 bp，预期编码的多肽链存在着hnRNPs家族的特征性结构域——SAP、SPRY和AAA；猪hnRNPUL1普遍表达于所检测的各组织中，其中在脾脏中表达量最高，在腿肌中表达量最低；核定位序列（NLS）位于多肽链的133~430 aa处，与生物学信息学预测的结果存在着偏差；同时获得了2个变异剪接体和11种可变剪接片段。本研究结果对进一步揭示猪hnRNPUL1基因功能及转录调控机制提供了基础。     

我国蔬菜肥料利用率现状与提高对策

我国露地蔬菜种植和设施蔬菜种植养分用量均超过蔬菜生长所需,导致土壤次生盐渍化、肥料利用率低,增加了面源污染风险,在分析这些现状的基础上,对造成蔬菜种植中氮、磷、钾肥料利用率低下的原因进行了分析,如有机肥与化肥施用配比随意性强,搭配不合理;氮、磷、钾肥配施比例不合理;大量元素与中微量元素配合施用不合理;肥料总施用量过大;土壤自身的原因等。并提出了提高肥料利用率的测土与科学配方施肥、有机肥与无机肥合理配合施用、采用水肥一体化技术和土壤调理剂等措施,有望提高我国蔬菜肥料利用率,节约资源,防止面源污染,实现蔬菜生产的可持续绿色发展。     

马铃薯脱毒快繁中的培养基元素组成及成本

马铃薯脱毒快繁技术繁殖倍数高,周期短,短时间内就可获得大批量马铃薯试管苗,但是脱毒快繁的成本比较高。如果在快繁的同时,保证质量的前提下,能节约成本,那对于马铃薯试管苗的工厂化生产是很有利的,也能大幅度提高其经济效益。     

不同极性色谱柱在滇红香气成分分析中的对比研究

采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)对滇红的香气成分进行富集,分别使用两种不同极性的色谱柱进行色谱分离,气质联用(GC-MS)检测分析,比较了非极性色谱柱HP-5MS和极性色谱柱CP-Wax对红茶香气成分分离效果的差异。结果表明,两种不同极性色谱柱对红茶香气成分的分离效果均表现良好,但分析结果存在一定的差异。因此在对红茶中不同的香气成分进行研究分析时,应根据分析目标的不同选择合适的色谱柱。     

Infections Investigation of ALV and REV in Guangxi Local Poultry Breeds and Sequence Analysis of gp85 Gene of ALV Isolates

In order to investigate the infection status of avian leukosis virus (ALV) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) in the major local breeds of Qinzhou,Guangxi,totally 953 samples of egg white,cloaca swab and serum of Ma duck,Shitou goose,Tiejiao-Ma chicken,turkey and pigeon were collected from the representing flocks and detected by the commercial ELISA kits.ALV was isolated for the ALV p27 positive samples by culturing on DF-1 cells,and gp85 gene was sequenced.The results showed that the detections of ALV were negative in the samples except those of Tiejiao-Ma chicken,while REV antibody was found positive in Ma duck,Tiejiao-Ma chicken and turkey.The nucleotide sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 94.5% identity with each other,and shared 86.9% to 94.9% with reference strains.The amino acid sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 91.5% identity with each other,and shared 84.0% to 91.6% with reference strains.There were many variable sites in the hyper variable region hr1 and hr2,and the vr2 and vr3 variable regions were relatively conservative.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the two isolates shared the highest homology with SCAU11-XG strain.     

Analysis on Target Genes with Mutation in microRNA of Blue-shelled Chicken and White Leghorn

The study was conducted to explore the potential different characters between Blue-shelled chicken and White leghorn.Global genome microRNA was combined the identified microRNA with complementary lab-predicted microRNA.Then the two breed chicken's SNP data got by GGRS were mapped to the microRNA and focused on SNP that deliberately located in mature-microRNA.Bioinformatics method was adopted for target prediction on microRNA which had SNPs.By further gene enrichment analysis,the study found these genes enriched in 22 GO terms,10 KEGG pathways,and 3 IPA important networks.And they enriched in traits which associated with growth,such as mTOR signaling pathways,Wnt signaling pathways,growth hormone receptor networks and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ receptor networks.And they also enriched in some laying traits,such as oocyte meiotic signaling pathways and progesterone mature oocytes signaling pathways.The methods and the results might provide references for further studies.