促卵泡激素受体基因第2内含子多态性对如皋黄鸡繁殖性状的遗传效应分析

试验以260只如皋黄鸡为素材,采用飞行质谱技术对位于促卵泡素受体(follicle stimulate hormone receptor,FSHR)基因第2内含子的3个SNPs位点进行检测,并对其与繁殖性状的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,C+29329A突变对开产日龄、开产蛋重及40周龄蛋重有显著影响(P<0.05);而C+30582G只与40周龄总产蛋数呈显著相关(P<0.05);G+51411A则对开产日龄、开产体重及40周龄总产蛋数有显著影响(P<0.05)。研究结果显示,FSHR基因有望成为选育高产蛋鸡的分子标记,辅助选育、开发中国地方鸡品种资源。     

咸阳北部塬区春末夏初干旱的气候特征及预测模型

应用自然正交函数分解(DOF)方法,分析了陕西省咸阳市北部塬区春末夏初干旱的综合评价指教DH的空间分布特征及随时间演变规律及春末夏初干旱对冬小麦和玉米产量的影响;在此基础上,应用逐步回归方法建立了春末夏初干旱的预测模型.结果表明:威阳市北部春未干旱发生几率具有同一性特征;在空间上分为南北两区,其中南区干旱几率大干北部;年际分布近年来具有频发连旱趋势,并在时空分布上具有同一性.根据干旱指数DH分布特征建立春未降水预报模式,业务使用效果良好.     

基于钻石模型适用性的肃南县 草地畜牧业竞争力培育

钻石模型是运用于产业竞争力培育的典型范式。本研究以甘肃省肃南县草地畜牧业为对象, 从钻石模型组成要素和产业发展角度, 检验了钻石模型在生态脆弱的少数民族聚居区的适用性。结果显示, 波特钻石模型自身的缺陷及其局限性、区域的生态约束性、产业的特质性, 使得钻石模型在指导肃南县草地畜牧业竞争力的培育方面失灵。因此, 将区域生态环境作为第3个外生变量引入波特钻石模型并居于6要素模型的核心主导位置, 构建符合微观区域特质和产业竞争力实质的“区域生态约束钻石模型”, 并在此基础上提出符合生态脆弱、少数民族聚居、欠发达且受资源环境约束等多特征叠加区域, 高度依赖自然资源、技术层次低、受生态环境约束的产业竞争力培育的“竞争力钻石模型”, 以期实现高附加值畜牧业的回归性升级, 为其他高原牧区畜牧业经济发展提供借鉴。     

2种豆象线粒体COX1和12S rRNA基因序列的克隆分析

分别提取银合欢豆象和合欢豆象的基因组,对其COX1和12S rRNA基因进行测序分析。结果表明：2种豆象的COX1和12S rRNA基因A、T含量较丰富;碱基C和T间有最高的转换率;偏向使用以A或T结尾的密码子;银合欢豆象与合欢豆象进化距离较远,与A. oblongoguttatus进化距离最近,合欢豆象与多型豆象属聚在一个大的分支上。     

Are humic substances soil microbial residues or unique synthesized compounds?A perspective on their distinctiveness

Humic substances(HS),which are defined as a series of highly acidic,relatively high-molecular-weight,and yellow to black colored substances formed during the decay and transformation of plant and microbial remains,ubiquitously occur in nature.Humic substances represent the largest stable organic carbon pool in terrestrial environments and are the central characteristic of the soil.However,the validity of the HS concept and the justification of their extraction procedure have been recently debated.Here,we argue that the traditional humic paradigm is still relevant.Humic substances are distinctive and complex because the extracted HS formed during the humification are chemically distinct from their precursors and are heterogeneous among soils.By reviewing the concept,formation pathways,and stabilization of HS,we propose that the key question facing soil scientists is whether HS are soil microbial residues or unique synthesized compounds.Without revealing the distinctiveness of HS,it is impossible to address this question,as the structure,composition,and reactivity of HS are still poorly known owing to the heterogeneity and geographical variability of HS and the limits of the currently available analytical techniques.In our view,the distinctiveness of HS is fundamental to the soil,and thus further studies should be focused on revealing the distinctiveness of HS and explaining why HS hold this distinctiveness.     

一株羊源尸毒梭菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究

为探究羊源尸毒梭菌的生物学基本特性，进行生理生化分析、16S rDNA基因扩增、动物回感试验、耐药表型和耐药基因检测等试验。结果显示，菌株LJH-1为革兰阳性菌。PCR扩增获得长度为1 023 bp的片段。LJH-1与尸毒梭菌C4菌株聚类，从而判定LJH-1为尸毒梭菌。试验组小鼠全部死亡。小鼠肝中央静脉充盈大量红细胞，炎性细胞浸润，肾间质血管充血，肠黏膜上皮细胞脱落。LJH-1对头孢噻肟、氨苄西林等敏感，对头孢拉定、阿莫西林等耐药，并检出ant（3″）-Ia、aac（3）-IIa、aph（3'）-IIa、Sul2、Sul3和TEM耐药基因。这为该细菌性疾病的检测和防治提供了科学资料。