基于耕地质量评价与空间集聚特征的基本农田划定研究

综合考虑耕地的自然质量、耕作条件、形态、空间分布等,以济南市为研究区,从自然禀赋、区位条件和稳定性3个方面选取11个指标,构建耕地质量综合评价指标体系,在耕地质量综合评价的基础上,采用局部空间自相关法定量刻画耕地质量的空间集聚格局特征,采用矩阵组合法进一步将耕地质量等级和空间集聚格局类型两两组合,综合确定基本农田划定类型。研究表明,济南市耕地区位条件较好,且区域差异最小,耕地稳定性和自然禀赋相对较差。济南市耕地质量以高和较高为主,二者分别占济南市耕地总面积的35. 12%和22. 67%,主要分布在济南市北部商河、济阳和章丘北部。耕地质量低等级的耕地面积最少,为475. 98 km~2,所占比例为11. 98%,主要分布在历城和长清。济南市耕地划分为优先划入型、适宜划入型和整治调控型3种类型。济阳、商河、章丘北部和平阴东南部的耕地质量高、集聚特征显著,应作为优先划入型,该类型耕地最多,面积为2 121. 23 km~2,占济南市耕地总面积的53. 38%;适宜划入型耕地质量也较高,并且多分布在优先划入型周边,对优先划入型耕地具有保护和缓冲作用,应与优先划入型耕地一起作为基本农田,以提高优质基本农田的集聚程度;整治调控型耕地面积为988. 98 km~2,占济南市耕地总面积的24. 89%,主要分布在中心城区和南部山区,该类型耕地质量低、集聚程度不高,开发利用时应注意生态环境保护,必要时可通过土地整治提高质量和集聚程度。     

基于微流控和比色光谱法的水产养殖海水氨氮含量检测

为实时、准确地获取水产养殖海水中氨氮含量,以大围网养殖海水中的氨氮为研究对象,在比色光谱法基础上结合微流控技术进行靛酚蓝法比色反应,实现对溶液中氨氮含量的定量检测。建立数据处理后相应的模型,并且对比了不同光谱预处理和不同样本集划分算法对建立预测模型的影响,其中多元散色校正（MSC）后再使用小波平滑的预处理方法结合排序法划分样本集建立的偏最小二乘（PLS）回归模型效果最优,建模集校正标准差（RMSEC）和预测集校正标准差（RMSEP）分别为0.0566mg/L和0.0677mg/L,相对分析误差（RPD）为6.8932;在优化条件下测得方法的线性范围和检测限分别为0.005~1.350mg/L和0.0036mg/L。对海水、自来水和养殖水体进行加标回收实验,平均回收率在94%~109%之间,相对标准偏差在2.3%~5.8%之间。结果表明,实验建模效果良好,操作简单、方便,实验快速、可靠、无污染,表明利用比色光谱法结合微流控技术检测氨氮方法可行。     

草莓新品种‘天香’

 ‘天香’草莓由‘达赛莱克特’与‘卡姆罗莎’草莓杂交育成。在北京地区日光温室条件下1月上旬成熟, 果实圆锥形, 果形正, 平均单果质量29.8 g, 最大果质量58 g, 橙红色, 光泽强, 风味浓,耐贮运。可溶性固形物含量为8.9% , 维生素C含量为0.66 mg·g^{- 1} , 总糖5.997% , 总酸0.717% , 果实硬度0.43 kg·cm ^{- 2}。     

13-MTD induces apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt signaling

［ABSTRACT］AIM: To study the effect of 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid, on apoptotic induction in breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and normal breast epithelial cells MaEC were treated with solvent or 13-MTD at concentration of 140 mg/L. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of JNK, p38, FADD and Akt after treated with 13-MTD were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 13-MTD effectively induced apoptosis of breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and no influence to normal breast epithelial cells MaEC, which were confirmed by flow cytometry analysis, was observed. The results of Western blotting showed that obvious increase in p38 and JNK phosphorylation. No significant difference of FADD phosphorylation was observed. However, evidently decrease in Akt phosphorylation was found after treated with 13-MTD. CONCLUSION: 13-MTD was a new safe, effective chemotherapeutic drug. Its underlying mechanisms are through activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt pathway to induce the cancer cells apoptosis.     

Alternariol induces DNA polymerase β expression via the PKA-CREB pathway in NIH3T3 cells

AIM: To investigate the signal transduction induced DNA polymerase β expression by alternariol(AOH) in NIH3T3 cells. METHODS: The NIH3T3 cells were treated with 15 μmol/L AOH for 16 h or the cells were pretreated with an inhibitor of PKA (H89) for 1 h, and then exposed to AOH. The changes of DNA polβ expression and phospho-CREB in the cells with different treatments were determined by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry analysis. RESULTS: The expression of DNA polymerase β and phospho-CREB in NIH3T3 cells induced by AOH were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). However, H89 partly blocked the AOH-induced phospho-CREB and DNA polβ expression. CONCLUSION: Alternariol up-regulates DNA polymerase β expression via the PKA-CREB pathway in NIH3T3 cells.     

冀西北坝上地区几种蚜虫优势种对菜豆的侵害性研究

采用寄主转换方法研究了冀西北坝上地区几种蚜虫优势种对菜豆的适应性。结果表明,桃蚜、瓜蚜（棉蚜）和菊姬长管蚜转接到露地菜豆 的花、嫩尖、嫩叶等部位上仅能存活6~8 d,不能在菜豆上建立种群。室内寄主转换试验表明,取食菜豆嫩荚的蚜虫存活率明显低于取食茎部嫩尖的 蚜虫存活率。     

华蔓茶藨子扦插繁殖技术研究

研究了华蔓茶藨子枝条不同部位、IBA不同浓度处理对扦插生根的影响.结果表明:插穗不同部位对愈伤组织出现期无影响,均为5 d,在生根时间上存在差异,上部16 d生根,比中部和基部提前2 d生根;对根质量的影响差异显著,上部最好,中部次之,下部最差;NAA和IBA对插穗生根均有明显促进作用,且IBA优于NAA,100 mg/L mA生根效果最好,生根率和生根质量均达到最高.     

高湿地区板栗林下栽培模式的研究

对板栗林下栽培不同的经济作物进行研究.结果表明:板栗园套种短梗五加具有投资少,收益高,见效快的特点,并且具有保持水土,改善板栗园生态环境的功效.最高每667 m2较单一栽培多收入1 165.75元,是辽东板粟产业继续发展壮大的较理想模式.     

黄瓜新品种"吉杂迷你一号"的选育

"吉杂迷你一号"黄瓜是以欧引4-1-1-1-1为母本,以自交系S1-1-4-2为父本配制而成的华南型黄瓜一代杂种.植株生长势强,以主蔓结瓜为主,全株雌性,节成性强,结瓜数多,果实商品性状优良,短棒状,果长14～16 cm,单瓜重50～80 g,果腔小,果皮深绿色,有光泽,品质好,无刺无棱基本无果粉,果型整齐一致,品质好,肉质细脆,微甜有香气,1 hm2产量10万kg.适宜春、秋大棚和日光温室栽培.     

保鲜液对桃切花采后生理变化及保鲜效果的影响

以果桃'春光'切枝为试材,从桃切花瓶插过程中对水分平衡值的变化、瓶插寿命、鲜重变化率、开花率、细胞膜透性、还原性糖等生理特性的影响,研究了桃切花专用保鲜剂的保鲜效果,以期为开发桃切花生产上广泛应用提供参考.结果表明:不同组分的保鲜液对桃切花采后生理生化均有显著影响,2种保鲜剂均可不同程度地提高花瓣含水量,从而延长切花开放时间;提高桃切花在开放中还原糖含量,盛开期达到最大值,是CK的2.15倍,起到改善花瓣水分状况及延长切花瓶插时间的作用;有效地提高SOD活性功能,延缓蛋白质水解,提高花瓣的相对含水量,维持较高的细胞膜结构稳定性,从而延长切花瓶插寿命,增加了其观赏价值.