黄鳝隐藏新棘虫的血液与组织病理研究

采用扫描电镜、组织切片和血液检测方法对感染隐藏新棘虫(Neosentis celatus)的黄鳝(Monopterusalbus)肠道和血液进行病理研究,结果发现隐藏新棘虫的吻钩在肠道内壁形成大小不一的洞,肠绒毛脱落,组织纤维化;受损伤的肠道皱褶比较凌乱,柱状上皮细胞变性、坏死、脱落。损伤深入到固有层,使黏膜层与固有层分离,固有层被水肿液填充,有大量炎症细胞浸润;感染隐藏新棘虫的黄鳝肾脏和肝脏功能未受影响。     

海南省外来淡水生物入侵现状、危害及防控策略

由于特殊的地理环境和良好的气候条件,海南省已成为我国外来生物入侵的重灾区之一,许多外来淡水生物在海南均有分布。2016-2018年,对万泉河、南渡江、昌化江等海南主要河流外来淡水生物的种类和分布进行了初步调查。经过调查发现,目前海南共有43种外来淡水水生生物,其中鱼类31种、爬行类2种、两栖类1种、软体动物2种、甲壳动物3种,淡水植物4种。海南省外来淡水生物的主要入侵途径是水产养殖引种,主要危害是捕食和竞争。根据调查结果提出了健全管理制度、加大科学研究和人才培养、加强宣传等防控策略。     

长江刀鲚繁殖群体的生长特性

刀鲚(Coilia nasus)是一种具有多种生活史类型的中小型鱼类,溯江洄游中的刀鲚也是目前长江下游最重要的经济鱼类之一。为评估刀鲚渔业生物学特征的变化趋势,分析了2012年5月采自长江靖江段的458尾刀鲚繁殖群体样本。结果显示,刀鲚繁殖群体由1~4龄组成,其中2~3龄个体占85.81%;体长14.2~38.9 cm,平均(25.72±4.08)cm;体重9.2~208.4 g,平均(69.59±33.73)g;体长与体重关系式W=0.0028L3.0866(R2=0.915 3);平均丰满度为0.38±0.08。依据生长方程Lt=40.82[1–e-0.31(t+0.55)]和Wt=262.59[1–e-0.31(t+0.55)]3,求得渐近体长L∞为40.82 cm,渐近体重W∞为262.59 g,体重生长的拐点出现在2.99龄的Wt=77.66 g。与20世纪70年代的研究结果相比,长江刀鲚繁殖群体中补充群体和低龄剩余群体的比例显著增加,低龄化和小型化趋势明显,丰满度下降,资源衰退严重,但生长潜力依然存在。应采取降低对繁殖群体的捕捞强度、保护产卵场等积极措施来保护这一珍贵的渔业资源。     

饲料中添加虾青素对红罗非鱼各组织类胡萝卜素含量和沉积率的影响

通过在饲料中添加不同含量虾青素,测定粉白、红斑、黑斑3种体色红罗非鱼各组织(皮肤、鳍、肌肉、眼球、鳃)类胡萝卜素含量的变化,分析不同虾青素含量对红罗非鱼不同组织类胡萝卜素含量的影响,从而推断类胡萝卜素在不同组织间的表达和沉积方式。结果显示,虾青素添加量为400 mg/kg时,红罗非鱼皮肤、鳍、肌肉、眼球和鳃中的类胡萝卜素含量与对照组相比均明显提高,体色明显改善,其中黑斑红罗非鱼鳃部类胡萝卜素沉积比对照组有显著提高(P0.05)。而当虾青素添加量为800 mg/kg时,粉白红罗非鱼鳍上和鳃部及黑斑红罗非鱼鳃部类胡萝卜素沉积比对照组有显著提高(P0.05),但3种体色红罗非鱼一些组织器官类胡萝卜素含量相对对照组及虾青素添加量为400 mg/kg时有所下降,红罗非鱼体色变化不明显。虾青素含量对红罗非鱼各组织类胡萝卜素总含量有显著影响(P0.01);而红罗非鱼体色对类胡萝卜素总含量影响不显著(P0.05);虾青素和体色交互作用对类胡萝卜素含量有较显著影响(P0.05)。聚类分析表明,类胡萝卜素在红罗非鱼的鳍中沉积率最高,其次为鳃,再次为眼球,皮肤和肌肉沉积率最低。     

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity and Origin of Some Chinese Domestic Duck Breeds

Twelve fluorescence-labeled microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds to determine the relationship and origin of Chinese domestic duck breeds. Gene frequency, effective number of alleles （Ne）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information contents （PIC）, inbreeding coefficient in population （Fis）, standard genetic distance （Ds）, and genetic distance （DA） were calculated by FSTAT and distance and phylogenetic analysis after the dates which were output from the Microsatellite-Toolkit software. Genetic distances between 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds were analyzed by variance analysis. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） and phylogenetic trees used for cluster analysis were structured. The results indicated that 11 loci had medium- or high-level genetic diversity among the 12 loci, which could be efficiently used in the detection of the genetic parameters of each population. The values of He were 0.5414 to 0.7343, those of PIC proved similar, and those of Fis were 0.1101 to 0.3381 among all populations. All breeds were clustered into three groups by UPGMA phylogenetic trees. Banzui duck was clustered into a separate group. Differences of the DA were analysed by t-test. The results showed that difference in DA between the 12 domestic duck breeds and Lvtou duck and the Banzui duck were very significant （P〈0.01）, indicating that these 12 domestic duck breeds originated from Lvtou wild duck, but not Banzui duck.     

光照对中国对虾稚虾3种消化酶活力的影响

在实验室条件下研究光照(光照周期、光照强度和光色)对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)稚虾3种消化酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶)活力的影响。在本实验条件下,主要结果如下:(1)4种光照周期下,对虾3种消化酶的活力差异不显著(P>0.05);(2)在完全黑暗、6μmol.m-2.s-1、30μmol.m-2.s-1和110μmol.m-2.s-1光照强度下,对虾蛋白酶的活力分别为0.361 U.mg-1(protein)、0.081 U.mg-1(protein)、0.088 U.mg-1(protein)和0.273 U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1下的活力显著高于其他两个光照强度(P<0.05),且两者间的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);中国对虾淀粉酶的活力分别为0.386 U.mg-1(protein)、0.095 U.mg-1(protein)、0.111 U.mg-1(protein)和0.315 U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1条件下的活力显著高于其他两个光照强度(P<0.05),两者间的差异亦达到显著水平(P<0.05);对虾脂肪酶的活力分别为0.147×10-2U.mg-1(protein)、0.150×10-2U.mg-1(protein)、0.170×10-2U.mg-1(protein)和0.183×10-2U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1条件下的活力差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);(3)不同光色下,对虾蛋白酶和淀粉酶的活力差异不显著(P>0.05),脂肪酶的活力则存在一定的差异,蓝光和黄光下,对虾脂肪酶的活力分别为0.093×10-2U.mg-1(protein)和0.107×10-2U.mg-1(protein),显著高于白光和绿光下的活力(P<0.05),但蓝光组和黄光组间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

2019-2023年度陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性鉴定与评价

为掌握陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性水平,对2019—2023年度连续5年参加联合体区试的114份品种,采用大田人工接种的方法进行小麦条锈病、白粉病、赤霉病、叶锈病和纹枯病等5种病害的抗性鉴定与评价。结果表明,供试的114份品种对鉴定的5种病害抗性程度差异较大,表现为对条锈病抗性水平较高,对白粉病和赤霉病抗性水平最差。供试品种中,对条锈病表现免疫-中抗的品种61份,占供试品种的53.51%;对白粉病表现免疫-中抗的品种27份,占供试品种的23.68%;对赤霉病表现抗-中抗的品种21份,占供试品种的18.42%;同时鉴定出2份对5种病害均表现抗病的品种,分别为西农968和金麦207。对21份高感条锈病的品种均按陕西省区试品种试验要求终止了试验。     

Role of ACSL3 expression in suppressing prostate cancer cell metastasis

AIM:To analyze the difference of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACSL3) expression between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells.METHODS:ACLS3 mRNA expression between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells was compared using RT-PCR. Meanwhile, ACSL3 gene was amplified from prostate cancer cells, and the eukaryotic expression plasmid pCDNA3.1(+)-Flag-ACLS3 and lentivirus Lenti-ACLS3 were constructed. After transfection of ACSL3-plasmid and lentivirus into the prostate cancer cells, ACSL3 expressive was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and then Matrigel invasion assay was performed to investigate the alteration of the invasive ability of the prostate cancer cells with over-expression of ACSL3. RESULTS:A significant difference of ACSL3 mRNA level between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells was observed. ACSL3 was highly expressed in localized prostate cancer cells compared to metastatic prostate cancer cells, while ACSL3 expression was higher in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells than that in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, the eukaryotic expression plasmid and lentivirus containing ACLS3 gene were successfully constructed. The prostate cancer cell line which stably over-expressed ACLS3 was established. Up-regulation of ACSL3 inhibited the invasive ability of prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSION:ACSL3 plays an antagonistic role in invasiveness of prostate cancer.     

Comparison of two methods for culturing neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts

AIM:To establish and compare the methods for culturing neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts culture. METHODS:Neonatal rat hearts were isolated by collagenase+trypsin or trypsin digestion. The cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were isolated by different attachment techniques. The cellular morphology, purity and reactions to the reagent were tested. RESULTS:For morphology and purity, no difference between the 2 methods was observed, though more myocytes were harvested by the method of collagenase+trypsin digestion. For the cellular responses to reagent, the cardiac fibroblasts harvested with trypsin digestion had more potent proliferative ability than those with collagenase+trypsin digestion. CONCLUSION:There is no difference of cellular morphology and purity in the cardiac fibroblasts isolated by collagenase+trypsin digestion and trypsin digestion, but the fibroblasts with trypsin digestion have more potent proliferative ability.     

矮壮素浸种对黄瓜幼苗下胚轴伸长及细胞亚显微结构的影响

为了明确矮壮素（CCC）浸种对黄瓜幼苗下胚轴伸长的影响,以3 000 mg·L^-1 矮壮素对黄瓜品种中农203 进行浸种处理,测定黄瓜幼苗下胚轴生长的形态指标,并采用透射电子显微镜观察下胚轴薄壁细胞亚显微结构的变化。结果表明：矮壮素浸种处理能显著降低黄瓜幼苗下胚轴的长度,促进干物质积累。与对照相比,矮壮素浸种处理使黄瓜幼苗下胚轴薄壁细胞的细胞壁明显加厚,液泡数目增加,体积变小,叶绿体形态和结构发生改变,基粒含量和淀粉粒数量增加。