过瘤胃烟酸和胆碱对围产期奶牛泌乳性能和肝脂质代谢的影响

旨在研究日粮中添加过瘤胃保护烟酸(rumen-protected niacin,RPN)和过瘤胃保护胆碱(rumen-protected choline,RPC)对围产期奶牛泌乳性能和肝脂质代谢的影响,为缓解奶牛脂肪肝提供理论依据.本试验选用24头健康、胎次相近的中国荷斯坦围产期奶牛,根据2×2试验设计分为4组,每组6...     

波尔山羊胚胎数量、质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系

本文就波尔山羊胚胎数量，质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系进行了探讨。结果表明：胚胎质量优劣是直接影响胚胎移植成功率的关键因素。移植胚胎数量因品种不同有差异。移植双胚，奶山羊受体胚胎成羔率53．4％，明显高于成都麻羊胚胎成羔率36．3％，成都麻羊单胚成羔率为66．7％。     

金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离耐氟喹诺酮类药物株的gyrA和grlA基因突变

对 5株临床分离的耐氟喹诺酮类药物的金黄色葡萄球菌 (MIC值范围 :4～≥ 12 8mg/ L) ,提取各细菌染色体DNA,对 gyr A和 grl A基因进行 PCR扩增 ,产物与 p MD18- T载体连接 ,转化至大肠杆菌 JM10 9感受态细胞 ,筛选阳性克隆 ,测序。序列分析结果表明 ,5株菌均发生了基因突变。突变位点 grl A:Ser80 (TCC)→ Phe(TGC) ,Ser80 (TCC)→ Tyr(TAC) ;gyr A:Ser84 (TCA)→ L eu(TTA )、Ser84 (TCA)→ Ala(GCA)、Glu88(GAA)→ L ys(AAA) ,其中 2株对氟喹诺酮类药物的 MIC值低 (4～ 6 4 m g/ L) ,均发生 grl A单一点突变 ,其余 3株在 gyr A和 grl A上产生多突变位点 ,且对氟喹诺酮类药物的 MIC值较高 (8～≥ 12 8mg/ L )。说明单一的点突变只能引起低水平或中等水平的耐药 ,高水平的耐药需要多位点的突变。 5株耐药菌株均发生 grl A Ser80→ Tyr(Phe)点突变 ,提示环丙沙星、诺氟沙星等氟喹诺酮类药物作用于金黄色葡萄球菌的首要靶酶是拓扑异构酶 Iv     

边缘热带蔓花生草坪杂草种类调查及化学防除

为了解处于边缘热带的湛江市区蔓花生草坪的杂草现状,并提供有效的化学防除方法,首先采用样线法及随机抽样法,对各种杂草所占的比例和生物量进行调查;其次,采用样圈法调查各种杂草的频度;用3种除草剂分别喷洒,7d后观察杂草的变化。市区曼花生草坪杂草共有20科35种,其中,种类较多的是禾本科,菊科,茜草科,蓼科,苋科,酢浆草科等...     

猪痘病毒江西株(SWPV-JX01株)的分离鉴定

本试验利用PK15细胞从江西省某猪场疑似猪痘的保育猪皮肤痘痂中分离到1株病毒,该分离毒株在PK15单层细胞上能连续盲传培养,不产生明显的细胞病变,通过PCR扩增猪痘病毒P35基因,扩增序列与猪痘病毒参考株(AF410153.1)P35基因的核苷酸同源性为97.9%,表明该分离病毒为猪痘病毒,并命名为SWPV-JX01。将SWPV-JX01株F5代细胞培养液经肌肉和皮下注射感染兔和小鼠,人工感染80 h后,通过PCR检测不同组织的猪痘病毒P35基因,从兔的肾脏、脾脏、皮肤、心肌、淋巴结均能扩增到P35基因,且扩增序列与SWPV-JX01株同源性为100%。试验结果表明,SWPV-JX01株能在兔体内增殖,但不能在昆明鼠体内增殖。     

牛FSHR基因第4外显子多态性检测及序列分析

以西门塔尔和夏洛莱种公牛为对象,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测了促卵泡素受体(FSHR)基因第4外显子在西门塔尔、夏洛莱种公牛45个个体中的遗传多态性,结果发现多态性,旨在为研究该基因多态性与西门塔尔和夏洛莱种公牛繁殖性状的相关性提供理论依据,为筛选繁殖性状分子标记奠定基础.结果表明,牛FSHR基因第4外显子存在2个等位基因A和B,3种基因型分别为AA型、AB型和BB型.对多态片段的测序分析表明,FSHR基因第4外显子第38位碱基处发生碱基C→G的颠换,使得FSHR基因编码的受体胞外域部分出现一个脯氨酸到丙氨酸的变化,结合FSHR蛋白空间结构分析发现该氨基酸变化不直接影响FSHR与FSH的结合及FSHR转导信号能力.此外,据牛、绵羊、猪、马、人和大鼠FSHR基因第4外显子序列同源性比较表明:牛与绵羊该部分序列的同源最高为100%,与大鼠同源性最低为83%.     

鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的定位研究

为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势.     

鸭传染性浆膜炎的诊断与防治

本文描述一起鸭传染性浆膜炎的临床症状、病理变化。通过病理学观察和病原分析总结该病诊断要点,并提出合理的防治方案。     

施肥对黔中地区混播草地牧草生长性能的影响

本文研究了氮磷钾不同配比施肥量对黑麦草和紫花苜蓿混播草地牧草生长的影响,结果表明:氮肥促进禾本科牧草叶的生长(P<0.05),增施钾肥对禾草的生长有利;磷能促进豆科牧草根的生长(P<0.05)且豆科牧草株高随着施磷量的增加各处理间差异显著(P<0.05),高氮抑制豆科牧草的生长;最高产量的施肥方式:N:P_2O_5:K_2O为20:30:20,比对照处理的草地产量增加63.92％。     

Experimental Pathological Study of Acute African Swine Fever

To study the clinicopathology and histopathology of African swine fever (ASF), and to explore the internal relationship between pathological changes and disease occurrence and development and its pathological mechanism, 13 Landrace pigs with bodyweight about 20 kg were intramuscular injected with African swine fever virus (ASFV), strain Pig/HLJ/18 at a dose of 10²HAD₅₀·mL^-1. During the experiment, all the dead pigs were systematically dissected and sampled, paraffin sections were produced, and haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. Clinicopathological evaluation standards for acute ASF were established, then pathological lesions (classification variables) were expressed by counting frequency and percentage, and the lesion degree (continuous variables) was graded and scored according to different pathological changes of various tissues and organs. The results showed that all infected pigs were in line with the clinical characteristics of ASF, including acute, febrile and highly infectious, with a 100% incidence rate and 100% mortality. The dead pigs showed typical characteristics of septicemia, cadavers prone to corruption, blood clotting adverse or hemolysis, rigor mortis incomplete. The main pathological lesions were hemorrhagic necrotizing lymphadenitis, acute inflammatory splenomegaly (septic spleen), cerebral edema, pulmonary edema and lung consolidation et al. The spleen and lymphonodus are the target organs attacked by ASFV, with the most significant lesions, the earliest occurrence time, the longest duration and the highest frequency. The most prominent pathological changes are blood circulation disorders, including multiple pathological manifestations such as edema, hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhage, infarction, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and the most important characteristics are hemorrhagic lesions. The inflammatory reaction of lymphocytic exudation caused by ASFV runs through the whole process, especially in the middle and later stages of the course. The results suggest that the main pathological process of acute African swine fever is a typical immune/inflammatory cascade reaction and severe systemic blood circulation disorder, which resulted in the high incidence rate and high mortality rate of acute ASF.