不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响

本试验旨在研究不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响。试验选用200只健康、体重接近的断奶福建黄兔,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。4组分别饲喂由添加比例为25%的苜蓿草粉、甜菜渣、燕麦草、大麦糠为纤维饲料原料配制而成的饲粮。试验期为60 d,于试验第54天以全收粪法进行消化试验,屠宰后测定十二指肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度及二者比值,盲肠纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和果胶酶活性。结果表明：①苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、不溶性纤维（IDF）、可溶性纤维（SDF）的消化率均极显著高于大麦糠与燕麦草组（P<0.01）。其中,甜菜渣组不溶性纤维、可溶性纤维的消化率最高,与苜蓿草粉组差异显著（P<0.05）。②苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的绒毛高度极显著高于大麦糠组（P<0.01）,但显著低于燕麦草组（P<0.05）,隐窝深度显著低于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.05）,其中甜菜渣组隐窝深度最低。甜菜渣组的绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）最高,极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）。③苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组盲肠3种纤维消化酶活性均极显著高于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.01）,其中甜菜渣组的3种酶活均极显著高于苜蓿草粉组（P<0.01）。综上所述,对比4种纤维饲粮,在饲粮配方中添加25%的甜菜渣能提高肉兔的表观消化率与盲肠纤维消化酶活性,并能改善十二指肠组织形态。     

凉茶渣的黑曲霉发酵工艺和抗氧化活性研究

为促进凉茶渣在畜牧业中的资源化利用,本研究以黑曲霉为菌种固态发酵凉茶渣,首先在单因素试验条件下考察了时间、温度、含水量、浸泡液pH、氮源和碳源对凉茶渣降解率和产物pH的影响;再根据单因素试验结果和规模化生产实际需要,以4%硫酸铵为氮源,2%葡萄糖为碳源,以降解率为考察指标,通过正交试验优化发酵工艺;并通过检测超氧自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除率,评价凉茶渣在最优工艺条件下发酵前后抗氧化活性的变化。结果发现,含水量为60%,浸泡液pH为9.0,31℃发酵168 h是凉茶渣的最佳发酵工艺参数。最佳工艺条件下凉茶渣的降解率为25.23%,发酵产物pH为4.53。当凉茶渣发酵前水提液浓度为24 mg/mL时,超氧自由基清除率为43.56%,羟基自由基清除率为47.06%,DPPH自由基清除率为90.71%;当最优条件下发酵产物水提液浓度24 mg/mL时,超氧自由基清除率为30.77%,羟基自由基清除率为95.63%,DPPH自由基清除率为87.36%。本试验结果表明,黑曲霉是适宜的凉茶渣发酵菌种,且凉茶渣经过黑曲霉发酵后具有良好的抗氧化活性。     

单宁酸对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及胚胎发育能力的影响

研究旨在探讨单宁酸对猪卵母细胞体外成熟质量及其胚胎发育能力的影响。在猪卵丘卵母细胞复合体（COCs）体外成熟培养液中添加不同浓度（0、1、10、100 μg/mL）单宁酸培养42 h后,检测COCs的扩散程度和卵丘细胞扩散指数,统计COCs的体外成熟率,检测成熟卵母细胞内谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）、活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）和生长分化因子9（growth differentiation factor 9,GDF9）的水平,并统计孤雌激活及体外受精胚胎48和168 h的卵裂率、囊胚率及囊胚总细胞数。结果显示,与对照组相比,10 μg/mL单宁酸组卵丘细胞扩散指数显著提高（P<0.05）,100 μg/mL单宁酸组显著降低（P<0.05）;1和10 μg/mL单宁酸组卵母细胞成熟率差异不显著（P>0.05）,100 μg/mL单宁酸组卵母细胞成熟率显著降低（P<0.05）;1和10 μg/mL单宁酸组GSH和GDF9水平显著提高（P<0.05）,ROS水平显著降低（P<0.05）。孤雌胚胎和体外受精胚胎发育能力结果显示,与对照组相比,各单宁酸组卵裂率差异不显著（P>0.05）,10 μg/mL单宁酸组孤雌胚胎囊胚率及体外受精胚胎囊胚率显著提高（P<0.05）,100 μg/mL单宁酸组孤雌胚胎囊胚细胞数及体外受精胚胎囊胚细胞数均显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。以上结果表明,10 μg/mL单宁酸可通过提高卵丘细胞扩散能力及GSH和GDF9水平、降低卵母细胞内ROS水平,改善猪卵母细胞成熟质量,提高孤雌胚胎及体外受精胚胎的发育能力。     

2019—2020年新疆部分地区猪PCV2的抗体水平检测及分析

为了解2019—2020年新疆地区猪圆环病毒病2型（PCV2）抗体水平及其消长规律,本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法对475份血清中PCV2免疫抗体水平进行检测和分析。结果显示,PCV2抗体平均阳性率为69.68%（331/475）,未达到国家规定标准（70%）。S/P的平均值为1.56。不同类别猪群抗体平均阳性率在42.50%~86.67%之间,有一定的差异。在调查的5个规模化养殖场中,仅有2个场PCV2免疫抗体阳性率达到国家标准。各场应根据抗体检测结果,进一步对现有的免疫程序进行调整和完整,确保各猪群健康。     

樱桃番茄新组合的农艺性状比较

通过对樱桃番茄新组合的农艺性状比较和综合分析,结果表明,认为'杭樱1号'的植株生长势显著比金珠强,其株高和茎粗分别比金珠增加13.1%和7.6%,且节间较短;结果能力较强;熟性比金珠早5~6 d,为早熟品种;商品性与金珠相当,较耐贮运,货架期达21 d,比对照延长7~8 d;总产量比金珠高8.46%。"杭樱2号"的植株生长势也明显比圣女强,且节间较短;熟性和商品性与圣女相似,可滴定酸和Vc含量分别比对照低14%和高5.49%;货架期达27 d以上,比对照延长6 d,耐贮性好;早期产量比圣女高11.24%,总产量比圣女高7.84%。     

A Furry Synthetic Evaluation Model in Capital Structure Decisions

This paper analyzes the limitation of regarding the weighted average cost of capital as the optimal standard of capital structure in the traditional capital structure decision-making method, and analyzes the view that the capital structure is affected by many factors,such as earning power, long-term stability of operating, the attitudes held by owners and operators, the attitudes held by creditors and financial risk. With the example, the affecting factors of the capital structure is analyzed. The fuzzy synthetic evaluation model are employed to decision-making of the capital structure. This article also shows the key point of its application.     

Knowledge-based Intelligent Decision-making System for the Safety of Rockets

With the progress of science and technology, the astronautics has obtained great development and researched in many countries, the problem on rocket safety control is important during the rocket launching proceeding, and is also the focus of every space country. At first, the importance of rocket safety control is introduced and the characteristics of the existing system for the safety of rockets are analyzed. After indicating its disadvantages, the design idea, system framework and method for realization of the knowledge-based intelligent decision-making system are proposed to improve certainty and authenticity of safety decision, containing correspond knowledge and adopting the technology of intelligent decision and reasoning on AI.     

Accomplishment of Elastic-plastic Analysis in Geotechnical FEA

In order to realize elastic-plastic analysis in geotechnical FEA, in this paper, firstly, the method how to realize elastic-plastic analysis in Super-Sap is discussed. Then, this paper stresses to introduce the principle and the steps used to achieve the accomplishment of elastic-plastic analysis in Super-Sap. Finally, an engineering practice is given to prove that the geotechnical FEA elastic-plastic analysis and visualized post-processing can come true by it rapidly.     

A STUDY ON HEAT AND MOISTURE STATE OF HULL LAYER FOR THERMAL INSTULATION OF A COLD STORAGE

This paper analyses the thermal moist characteristics of the hull layer beside an air layer at lower temperature in an envelope for a cold storage and presents a new method of waterproof by air layer. With test data from engineering practice, the theory on the barrier of self moisture proof at the surface sublayer of the hull layer in an attic on a cold storage is proven. The dried zone about three phase point is confirmed. It is a new knowledge for thermophysics on thermal design of a cold storage with an optimum thermal performance.