Use of scintigraphy for the determination of mucociliary clearance rates in normal, sedated, diseased and exercised horses.

Mucociliary clearance rates from the trachea were determined in normal, sedated, diseased and exercised horses from scintigraphs obtained after an injection of technetium-99m sulphide colloid into the tracheal lumen. The group mean tracheal clearance rate of eight clinically normal horses during 42 trials was 2.06 +/- 0.38 cm/min. Significant between horse differences were found (p less than 0.05). When six and seven of these horses were given xylazine and detomidine hydrochloride, respectively, mean group tracheal clearance rates dropped significantly (p less than 0.05). The decreases from each normal horse's mean tracheal clearance rate ranged from 18 to 54%. There did not appear to be a difference between the tracheal clearance rates (TCRs) of the normal horses and those with chronic respiratory disease. Postexercise evaluations were not significantly different from the pre-exercise TCRs in three clinically normal horses and three horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p greater than 0.05). This minimally invasive scintigraphic technique for determining TCRs has proved to be useful and reliable.     

Management of femoral artery thrombosis in an immature dog

Objective: To report a case of femoral artery thrombosis and its medical management in a young dog. Case summary: A 13‐week‐old, female Boxer puppy presented with hind limb paralysis after an abdominal crush injury. A left femoral artery thrombus was identified on ultrasound. No spinal trauma was visualized in imaging studies. Clinical management of arterial thrombosis in a 13‐week‐old puppy with streptokinase and dalteparin therapy is described. New or unique information provided: This paper describes an unusual presentation of arterial thrombosis. The medical management with streptokinase and dalteparin is also out of the ordinary. Images that document the development of compensatory circulation around the thrombosed vessel are included. Additionally, this paper also documents the altered development that occurred in this immature dog after the thrombotic event.     

日粮赖氨酸水平对12～18周龄雌性临武鸭血液生化指标的影响

为研究日粮不同赖氨酸(Lys)水平对12~18w雌性临武鸭血液生化指标的影响,试验选取健康、体重接近的84d雌性临武鸭210羽,随机分为5个处理(赖氨酸水平分别为0.55%、0.65%、0.75%、0.85%、0.95%),每处理设6个重复,每重复7只鸭,试验全期为42d。结果表明:日粮赖氨酸水平显著或极显著影响试鸭血清甘油三酯、碱性磷酸酶和谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶水平(P0.05或P0.01),但对血糖、总胆固醇、尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐和谷丙转氨酶无明显影响(P0.05);日粮赖氨酸水平对血清生长激素、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、皮质醇、T3、T4和T3/T4影响均不显著(P0.05)。试验结果表明,以血液生化和激素作为评价指标,日粮0.55%赖氨酸水平即可满足12~18w雌性临武鸭机体生长发育需要。     

猪源乳酸杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性分析

乳酸杆菌制剂可以替代抗生素,用于预防和治疗细菌性腹泻。为获取可作为微生态制剂的候选菌株,从健康仔猪肠道分离到5株乳酸杆菌,经抑菌试验、生长曲线测定、耐酸、耐胆盐、耐胰酶试验等,筛选到1株对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌有较好的抑制作用,对低pH值、高胆盐、胰酶均有一定耐受能力的乳酸杆菌,命名为LY7。经PCR鉴定,该菌株为约氏乳杆菌。     

庆阳市采用塑料大棚发酵畜禽粪污模式初探

为了提高粪污发酵速度、缩短发酵时间,减少环境对粪污的承载和消纳能力,笔者通过采用塑料大棚模式发酵粪污,以提高粪污内部温度,添加一定的微生物菌剂,采用高温好氧堆积发酵,在西北气候条件下,使小型养殖场(合作社)粪污发酵比常温堆积发酵时间缩短了40～100 d,使粪污尽快得到还田利用,减少了环境对粪污的承载力。     

养殖锦鲤鲤鱼浮肿病的检测与鉴定

北京房山某锦鲤养殖场锦鲤发生大量死亡,患病锦鲤呈烂鳃、肾脏糜烂、身体浮肿;症状类似锦鲤疱疹病毒（koi herpes virus,KHV）感染,但经PCR检测排除了KHV感染。为进一步确定病原,对发病鱼进行了临床症状观察、病毒分离、细菌分离培养、病鱼组织超薄切片电镜观察和PCR扩增等检测。通过病鱼组织超薄切片电镜观察,在肾脏内可见200 nm×400 nm的痘病毒样颗粒。抽提病毒核酸后,用已知的鲤鱼浮肿病毒（carp edema virus,CEV）的保守序列设计2对引物进行PCR扩增,扩增出548和180 bp片段,测序结果和GenBank公布的CEV H504株序列完全一致。根据发病鱼临床症状和实验室检测结果,最终确定该病为CEV引起的鲤鱼浮肿病。这是在中国首次发现的鲤鱼浮肿病。     

Extensive large colon resection in the pony. II. Digestibility studies and postmortem findings.

The nutritional implications and adaptive processes resulting from resection of 75% of the length of the large colon in ponies were investigated. Ten ponies in good physical condition were divided into two groups: six in the experimental group and four in the control group. During the sixth postoperative month, two digestibility studies were conducted, and phosphate fractional renal excretion and serum biochemical profiles were determined in both groups. The ponies (N = 10) were euthanized six months postoperatively, and gross and histopathological examinations were performed. Results of the serum biochemical profiles, phosphate fractional renal extraction and digestibility studies showed no statistically significant difference between groups except for the serum phosphate concentration. However, large colon resection was associated with hypophosphatemia in three of the six ponies and produced an overall significantly lower phosphate concentration in the experimental ponies. This hypophosphatemia suggests that some dietary modifications may be needed postoperatively in ponies or horses undergoing this surgical procedure. Postmortem examination and histopathological examination failed to demonstrate differences between groups. Adaptive mechanisms, specifically mucosal hypertrophy or hyperplasia, were not observed.     

Free Flying Sparrows as Carriers of Salmonellosis

Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from nine of 60 wild sparrows trapped in the Guelph area. While this organism was isolated from birds trapped at several different locations, the highest prevalence was in sparrows trapped in close proximity to an animal clinic. The significance of these findings in relation to human and animal salmonellosis is discussed.