果树缺素症状及其诊治

果树组织中含有多种营养元素，当缺少这些元素时，就会出现缺素症，影响果树的生长发育，在生产上可采用以下方法进行诊治。     

鸽痘病毒的分离与鉴定

鸽痘是由鸽痘病毒(Pigeonpox virus.pvv)引起的鸽的主要传染病Ⅲ.为研究PPV的致病性和免疫机理,更好的防制鸽痘,我们对南京市及周边地区感染鸽痘的鸽群进行了病原分离,得到了2株病毒,本试验对2个分离株作了详细的鉴定.     

甲基吡啶铬对生长肥育猪生产性能及胴体品质的影响

通过饲养试验和屠宰试验研究了甲基吡啶铬对生长肥育猪生产性能及胴体品质的影响。选择 4 8头平均体重为 3 0 .7± 3 .1kg的长白×大白×北京黑三元杂交健康生长猪 ,按单因子随机区组设计分为对照组和试验组 ,分别饲喂未加甲基吡啶铬的日粮和添加 0 .0 5 %甲基吡啶铬 (折算成铬的添加水平为2 0 0 μg/kg)的日粮。试验结果显示 :试验组平均日增重和平均日采食量与对照组无显著差异 ,但饲料转化率显著改善 1 0 .2 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,屠宰率和瘦肉率分别提高了 2 .9%和 2 .0 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,第 1 0肋和最后肋背膘厚度分别下降 1 .6%和 1 3 .0 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,眼肌面积显著增加 1 3 .8% (P <0 .0 5 )     

生长调节剂在草坪上的应用

生长调节剂对草坪草有不同的功效。有的促进草坪草的生长 ,有的起抑制作用 ,并且对草坪草抗寒性的影响与草坪草类型有关。本文对这些作用进行了探讨。     

猪用中草药饲料添加剂组方筛选试验

试验采用单因子设计,54头断奶猪(长×荣,20kg左右)根据体重、性别随机分成6个处理组,每个处理3次重复,每次重复3头试验猪。结果表明:20～60kg阶段,平均日增重(ADG)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅳ组和抗生素组25.80%、26.03%和25.27%、25.49%(p<0.05)。增重/料耗(G/F)各处理间无显著差异,但中草药Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组较抗生素组有提高趋势。20～90kg整个生长育肥期分析,Ⅰ组显著高于抗生素组20.89%(p<0.05);G/F中草药组都比抗生素组有提高趋势,分别为7.48%、4.33%、6.30%、6.30%、0.78%(P>0.05)。     

金顶侧耳多糖体外抗肿瘤作用的研究

通过深层发酵获得金顶侧耳菌丝体。用水提法分别提取金顶侧耳菌丝体多糖、胞外(过滤液)多糖和全液(菌丝体 发酵液)多糖。用MTT比色法测定金顶侧耳多糖体外对小鼠S180癌细胞及人结肠低分化腺癌细胞的抑制率。结果表明,金顶侧耳胞外多糖对体外培养的S-180癌细胞有抑制作用,全液多糖和菌丝体多糖无抑制作用。这3种多糖体外对人结肠低分化腺癌细胞有抑制作用,其中金顶侧耳胞外多糖抑制率最高,全液多糖次之,菌丝体多糖最低。     

Classification and Genetic Diversity of Three Hare Species in Xinjiang Based on Mitochondrial DNA

The study aimed to explore the phylogeny and genetic diversity of 3 hare species in Xinjiang by molecular genetics methods, define the relationship and taxonomy status, assess diversity level of Lepus in Xinjiang, and provide the basic data for conservation genetics of hares in Xinjiang and even in China. Three mitochondrial DNA genes, COI, ND4 and 16S rRNA, were used as molecular markers, and the sequences of 3 genes of 57 samples collected from 8 different regions (4 geographic groups) in Xinjiang were determined by PCR amplification and sequencing technology. After the sequences of COI, ND4 and 16S rRNA of each sample were revised and pooled together, data were analyzed with softwares such as MEGA 7, DNAsp 6, Arlequin 3.1 and MrBayes 3.2. A total of 43 haplotypes were detected from the combined sequences of 3 genes of 57 hare samples. Five distinct clades (A-E) and 3 clusters were clearly showed in phylogenetic tree and median-joining network (MJN). Furthermore, the genetic distance between 3 clusters reached the level of species (4.21%-9.09%). However, the genetic distance between hares from northern Xinjiang (Clade E) and those from central Xinjiang (Clade D) were not up to the level of species (≤2.26%) in the third cluster. The haplotype diversity (h) of Lepus yarkandensis, Lepus tibetanus pamirensis and Lepus tolai lehmanni were higher(0.979±0.014, 0.972±0.064 and 0.972±0.064, respectively), while the nucleotide diversity (π) of the L. t. lehmanni and L. t. centrasiaticus were higher (0.033±0.018 and 0.023±0.015, respectively). Based on comprehensive analysis of 3 genes of mitochondrion and reference with published research, it is suggested that hares from southwestern Pamir Plateau of Xinjiang should belong to L. t. pamirensis. Meanwhile,hares distributed in northern and central Xinjiang might be considered as L. t. lehmanni and L. t. centrasiaticus. Moreover, there is abundant genetic diversity in the 3 hare species in Xinjiang, and the obvious phylogeographic pattern is showed.     

外源茉莉酸甲酯对UV-B胁迫下颠茄生物碱积累及TAs代谢途径调控的机制探究

In order to preliminarily explore the mechanism of TAs metabolic pathway in A. belladonna treated with exogenous methyl jasmone under UV-B stress, the effects on the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine, the upstream products in alkaloid synthesis, signal molecule and the expression level of key enzyme genes of secondary metabolism were studied under different concentrations of exogenous MeJA and different treatment time under using A. belladonna as materials. UV-B stress treatment significantly reduced the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine, inhibited the accumulation of precursors in the TAs synthesis pathway, which harmful to TAs synthesis. The content of TAs in A. belladonna increased to some extent, the contents of precursor amino acids (ornithine, arginine), polyamine content and key enzymes activities in the synthesis of putrescine in the secondary metabolic pathway all increased to some extent after treatment with the appropriate concentration of MeJA. The concentrations of signal molecule NO firstly increased and then decreased with the rising MeJA concentration, and reached the highest when MeJA concentration was 250 μmol L ^-1. The expression of key enzyme genes in TAs synthesis pathway showed that exogenous MeJA could increase the relative gene expression levels of TR I, PPAR, H6H to some extent. Those indicated that exogenous MeJA could induce the increase in the contents of upstream products in TAs synthesis by stimulating the burst of NO resulted in more precursor materials for the TAs synthesis pathway and affect the high expression of TR I, PPAR and H6H. It alleviated the inhibiton of UV-B stress on TAs of A. belladonna and increased the contents of hyoscyamine and scopolamine effectively. The results provided a theoretical basis for further studying the mechanism of exogenous elicitors to regulate the TAs secondary metabolic pathway of A. belladonn under stress, and effectively improved the stress resistance of A. belladonn and the accumulation of medicinal ingredients in actual production.     

西北地区林业发展战略研究

论述了西北地区林业发展的战略思想、战略目标、战略重点,提出了西北地区林业发展的战略措施。对于促进西北地区林业发展,保护和建设该地区生态环境具有重要意义。     

双肌性状形成的分子机理及其研究进展

肌肉生成是一个复杂的正负调控过程,双肌品种以其特有的饲料报酬高、瘦肉率高’、生长快在近几年来逐步受到育种专家的重视。研究表明,肌肉生长抑制素(mysatatin,MSTN)缺失或突变会导致肌肉过度生长或肥大,即双肌现象;双肌性状受常染色体上一对等位基因控制,存在主基因效应。现从肌肉生长机理入手,分别从不同家畜双肌现象阐明该性状的分子机理及其应用前景。