茶树牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸合成酶基因CsGGDPS的克隆及表达分析

以铁观音芽叶为材料,验证从茶树转录组数据库中筛选到的1条牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸合成酶(GGDPS)的编码全长序列c DNA。该c DNA全长1 661 bp,含有1个1 137 bp完整的开放阅读框,命名为Cs GGDPS。该基因编码378个氨基酸,氨基酸序列具有类异戊二烯合成酶家族的5个保守域和2个特征功能域;序列分析显示,该c DNA与其他植物GGDPS高度保守,与三七(Panax notoginseng)的亲缘关系最近。Cs GGDPS属于不稳定、亲水蛋白,可能定位到叶绿体中,不存在跨膜结构,无信号肽,发生磷酸化的位点可能有20个;二级结构主要由α-螺旋构成,三级结构与拟南芥GGPPS11匹配度最高。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,在茶树发育过程和不同叶位Cs GGDPS的表达量随芽叶成熟度的增加呈上升趋势,随着做青过程的进行,Cs GGDPS的表达量逐渐升高;Cs GGDPS在父本黄旦、母本铁观音和子一代金观音中均有表达,但表达量存在差异。     

有效防治甜菜夜蛾的Bt毒素种类及其应用前景

甜菜夜蛾对不同种类Bt毒素的敏感性存在差异。归纳总结了可有效防治甜菜夜蛾的Bt毒素种类、作用效果,并简述其应用前景,以期为提高Bt毒素对甜菜夜蛾控制力度提供依据。     

播期、密度和行距对BNS型杂交小麦光合及产量的影响

为筛选BNS型杂交小麦的适宜播期、密度和行距配置,设置了3个播期[10月5号(A1)、10月15号(A2)、10月25号(A3)]、3个密度[基本苗150×104株·hm~(-2)(B1)、225×104株·hm~(-2)(B2)、300×104株·hm~(-2)(B3)]和3个行距[18.3cm(C1)、23cm(C2)、宽窄行13.3/23cm(C3)],研究了播期、密度和行距配置对小麦光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,杂交小麦旗叶净光合速率在所有测定时期均以A2B1C2处理最高,A2B3C1处理次之;通过极差分析可知,旗叶叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量的最佳处理为A2B3C2;三因素对小麦冠层透光率的影响程度因时期和部位而不同;A2B3C1和A3B3C2处理的产量显著高于其余处理。因此,在本试验条件下,杂交小麦适宜的播期、基本苗和行距分别为10月15号、300×104株·hm~(-2)和18.3cm。     

纽翠绿腐殖酸液肥对春茶产量和品质影响之初探

以长沙县金井茶园种植的白毫早、槠叶齐、湘波绿2号为实验材料,研究纽翠绿腐殖酸液肥对春茶产量和品质影响。结果表明:三个品种施用同一浓度纽翠绿腐殖酸液肥,春茶芽头密度、百芽鲜重和产量以及茶叶品质均有提升,且以白毫早效果最佳,春季茶芽密度、百芽鲜重和产量分别增加6.67%、11.94%和19.41%,氨基酸含量和可溶性糖含量分别提高18.33%和34.93%。同一品种(槠叶齐)春季喷施不同浓度纽翠绿腐殖酸液肥以稀释比例1∶400增产效果最好(32.36%);稀释比例1∶300绿茶品质提升效果最佳,氨基酸增加(28.32%),酚氨比降低(2.61)。     

Determining resistance to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium verticillioides</Emphasis> and fumonisin accumulation in African maize inbred lines resistant to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspergillus flavus</Emphasis> and aflatoxins

Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus cause Fusarium ear rot (FER) and Aspergillus ear rot (AER) of maize, respectively. Both pathogens are of concern to producers as they reduce grain yield and affect quality. F. verticillioides and A. flavus also contaminate maize grain with the mycotoxins fumonisins and aflatoxins, respectively, which has been associated with mycotoxicosis in humans and animals. The occurrence of common resistance mechanisms to FER and AER has been reported. Hence, ten Kenyan inbred lines resistant to AER and aflatoxin accumulation were evaluated for resistance to FER, F. verticillioides colonisation and fumonisin accumulation; and compared to nine South African lines resistant to FER and fumonisin accumulation. Field trials were conducted at three localities in South Africa and two localities in Kenya. FER severity was determined by visual assessment, while F. verticillioides colonisation and fumonisin content were quantified by real-time PCR and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Significant genotype x environment interactions was determined at each location (P ≤ 0.05). Kenyan inbred CML495 was most resistant to FER and F. verticillioides colonisation, and accumulated the lowest concentration of fumonisins across localities. It was, however, not significantly more resistant than Kenyan lines CML264 and CKL05015, and the South African line RO549 W, which also exhibited low FER severity (≤5%), fungal target DNA (≤0.025 ng μL^?1) and fumonisin levels (≤2.5 mg kg^?1). Inbred lines resistant to AER and aflatoxin accumulation appear to be promising sources of resistance to F. verticillioides and fumonisin contamination.     

Advances on studies of miR-21 in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)are a class of non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded small RNA molecules composed of 19~25 nucleotides. miRNAs are widely involved in the process of human life activities. Recent studies have shown that part of miRNAs regulate the vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis. High expression of miRNA-21 is found to play important roles in the cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell growth and death of vascular endothelial cells. This review will focus on the recent progress related to miRNAs in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis, providing a new insight in cardiovascular disease prevention, clinical diagnosis, prognosis and target therapeutics.     

溪荪新品种‘芭蕾女’

 ‘芭蕾女’是从溪荪（Iris sanguinea）田间自然杂交实生后代中选育出的新品种。2年生植株盛花期株高60 cm 左右,冠幅近52 cm,每株丛花葶数18 ~ 25,单葶花2 ~ 3朵。花形独特优美,盛开时外花被平展,内花被垂直向上,花色为蓝紫色,花径约9 cm,连续花期 20 d 左右。可在哈尔滨地区露地越冬,适宜推广应用到北方地区栽培。     

添加矿粉对农业废弃物育苗基质化学性质的影响

秸秆和畜禽粪便等农业废弃物代替草炭生产的育苗基质因存在小分子有机酸、铵态氮含量高等问题而影响到种子发芽和幼苗的生长。为改善这类育苗基质对种子发芽和幼苗生长的不良影响,以杨凌某公司生产的基质(该基质以菌糠、锯末、畜禽粪便等为主要原料)为材料,通过添加一种矿粉进行培养和育苗试验,研究矿粉添加比例对基质化学性质和小白菜(Brassica chinensis L.)发芽和生理指标的影响。结果表明:添加矿粉使基质的pH提高、NH_4~+-N/NO_3~--N比值和丁酸含量减小;与对照(不添加矿粉)相比,在矿粉添加比例为7%的条件下,小白菜发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别提高了35%、22.87%、34.6%;根际活力、叶绿素含量分别提高70.2%、32.1%,达到差异显著水平。     

NaCl胁迫对软枣猕猴桃幼苗生长发育的影响

以软枣猕猴桃幼苗为试材,研究了不同浓度NaCl胁迫处理对其幼苗生长发育及各项酶活性指标的影响。结果表明:软枣猕猴桃幼苗的株高、根长、株质量、根质量、胚轴长、胚轴质量均随NaCl胁迫浓度的升高而下降;过氧化物酶(POD)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,均随NaCl胁迫浓度的增大而增大,而过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量则随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增大而降低。     

熊儿河滨河绿地植物配置及其景观分析

以所选4处熊儿河滨河绿地为研究对象,采用实地调查的方法,研究了所选绿地的园林植物种类及主要配置方式,以期对今后景观规划中植物种植设计方面提供参考与借鉴。结果表明:熊儿河滨河绿地4处园林植物中郑东新区段的植物种类最多,且常落比最低;在植物配置方面,郑东新区的植物景观效果较好,基本上可以做到乔灌草合理的搭配,乡土树种运用较多的基础上加强了外来树种的引种。通过调查对熊儿河滨河绿地的植物景观提出4点建议:植物选择上要做到适地适树,以乡土树种为主,外来植物为辅;在设计理念上对地域文化多加考虑;加强养护管理;注重新老城区的过渡。