高山低温诱导蝴蝶兰花芽分化过程中的生理变化

连续观察,测定了蝴蝶兰花芽分化过程中不同低温天数时植株体内某些生理生化变化,结果显示:低温处理20d后,叶片内矿质元素、可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、过氧化物酶含量变化显著,说明低温诱导过程中叶片内进行着一系列生理生化变化,为花芽分化提供物质和能量。     

昆虫种群呈Neyman和截尾负二项分布的抽样技术探讨

据抽样理论,本文提出了总体呈奈曼(Neyman)分布和截尾负二项分布的8个理论抽样模式。应用x~2检验得知白背飞虱8月初成、若虫在田间拟合Neyman4型(n=4)分布,卵呈截尾负二项分布,进而得到相应的理论抽样数模式。     

麝鼠大肠杆菌和沙门氏茵混合感染的诊断报告

2004年5月和龙某麝鼠养殖户送检2只死亡的成年麝鼠，结合流行情况及剖检变化，进行了病原菌的分离鉴定、菌型及毒素检测等实验室诊断，确诊为大肠杆菌与肠炎沙门氏菌混合感染；同时进行了药敏试验，两种菌均对头孢他啶高度敏感。     

中国现行农村土地制度调查分析

为进一步了解中国农村土地制度的运行状况,找出运行中存在的问题,为“三农问题”的解决提供可资借鉴的翔实资料,笔者对安徽、山东等5省进行了农村土地制度相关情况的调查研究。笔者通过问卷调查,获得了大量调研资料、数据和典型案例,利用已有的实证和研究成果,综合运用经济学、统计学的研究方法,对调研资料和既有成果进行归类、整理。在此基础上总结、归纳出了中国现行的农村土地制度在经营规模偏小、土地资源紧张与抛荒、经营效率低下并存、产权所有权主体不够清晰、使用权不够稳定、土地流转市场配套缓慢、运转不够规范等方面的主要问题。对农村土地调整频率与经济发展水平的相关分析,以及农业税取消前后不同收入水平的家庭与对农地耕作的态度的列联表分析表明,土地调整并不存在必然性,但其频率与经济发展水平显著相关;农业税取消前后,家庭收入水平与对承包土地的耕种方式均存在着显著的相关性,农业税取消后,农户家庭土地流转的意愿降低。     

蒜瓣大小与大蒜二次生长关系的研究

“苍山蒜”蒜瓣大小与二次生长(SG)的关系因播前蒜种贮藏条件和种植密度而异。室温贮藏蒜种,大蒜瓣比小蒜瓣易发生外层型二次生长(SGo),而蒜瓣大小对内层型二次生长(SGi)的发生无显著影响。播前25～30d进行冷凉处理的蒜种,蒜瓣愈大,SGo愈严重;小蒜瓣一般比大蒜瓣易发生SGi。种植密度对SGo的发生无显著影响,但稀植对SGi的发生有极显著的促进作用。不论种植稀密,大蒜瓣SGi指数都比小蒜瓣高。     

频谱分析仪和微机辅助系统对昆虫声信号的分析

用NW6270型实时数字频谱分析仪和声信号微机辅助分析系统对橙斑白条天牛Batocera davidis(Deyrolle)成虫的声信号进行了分析。结果表明,频谱分析仪处理速度快,可实时显示声信号的动态结构,有利于信号整体特征的分析和噪音鉴别。但分辨率较低,功能单一,专用性强,造价高.微机辅助分析系统具有功能多,灵活性大,分辩率高,造价低等优点。但不能显示信号的动态结构,处理速度慢,难以分析较长信号。     

Optical negative refraction in bulk metamaterials of nanowires

Negative refraction in metamaterials has generated great excitement in the scientific community. Although negative refraction has been realized in microwave and infrared by using metamaterials and by using two-dimensional waveguide structures, creation of a bulk metamaterial showing negative refraction at visible frequency has not been successful, mainly because of the significant resonance losses and fabrication difficulties. We report bulk metamaterials made of nanowires that show such negative refraction for all incident angles in the visible region. Moreover, the negative refraction occurs far from any resonance, resulting in a low-loss and a broad-band propagation at visible frequencies. These remarkable properties can substantially affect applications such as imaging, three-dimensional light manipulation, and optical communication.     

火干扰对天然红松林结构和演替过程的影响

1990—1992年期间对小兴安岭凉水林场天然红松林土壤中木炭、火烧木疤痕和林分组成进行了调查。探讨火干扰对森林形成和演替的生态作用。在不同火干扰年代的林分中,抽样挖掘木炭,测量木炭块的大小和分布深度,记录各林分结构特征和红松更新状况,并根据树木火疤园盘确定火干扰年代。选择了50 hm~2火干扰林分,对火烧疤痕木进行详细调查,并在其中设置样地,调查各样地林分组成和红松径阶结构。结果表明:Ⅰ.不同火干扰年代的林分。土壤中的木炭平均深度与火干扰发生的时间关系密切。Ⅱ.根据50 hm~2火干扰林分中火烧木疤痕的调查,绘制了火行为动态图。火烧方向和火干扰程度与立地条件关系密切。Ⅲ.火干扰并未完全破坏森林,导致林分中不同地点上林分组成和红松径阶结构的差异明显。在火干扰后,整个林分的水平结构是一个由不同树种组成和不同红松径阶结构的树木群团构成的镶嵌体,各树木群团的演替趋势不同。在火干扰较重的地点,阳性阔叶林占优势,在阔叶树下更新着大量的红松小树。在火干扰较轻的地点,耐阴性阔叶树种占优势,并有少量大径阶红松。火干扰轻微的地点,大径阶的红松占优势。     

Properties of metallic nanowires: from conductance quantization to localization

Material structures of reduced dimensions exhibit electrical and mechanical properties different from those in the bulk. Measurements of room-temperature electronic transport in pulled metallic nanowires are presented, demonstrating that the conductance characteristics depend on the length, lateral dimensions, state and degree of disorder, and elongation mechanism of the wire. Conductance during the elongation of short wires (length l approximately 50 angstroms) exhibits periodic quantization steps with characteristic dips, correlating with the order-disorder states of layers of atoms in the wire predicted by molecular dynamics simulations. The resistance R of wires as long as l approximately 400 angstroms exhibits localization characteristics with In R(l) approximately l(2).     

Reducing endogenous tau ameliorates amyloid beta-induced deficits in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model

Many potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease target amyloid-beta peptides (Abeta), which are widely presumed to cause the disease. The microtubule-associated protein tau is also involved in the disease, but it is unclear whether treatments aimed at tau could block Abeta-induced cognitive impairments. Here, we found that reducing endogenous tau levels prevented behavioral deficits in transgenic mice expressing human amyloid precursor protein, without altering their high Abeta levels. Tau reduction also protected both transgenic and nontransgenic mice against excitotoxicity. Thus, tau reduction can block Abeta- and excitotoxin-induced neuronal dysfunction and may represent an effective strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease and related conditions.