番茄果实成熟衰老相关蛋白酶鉴定

为进一步研究蛋白酶与成熟衰老的关系,试验以‘918’番茄(Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.cv.918)果实为材料,采用改进的含明胶的十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对番茄果实中的蛋白酶进行检测,结果发现番茄果实中有3个蛋白酶,命名为SP-1、SP-2和SP-3,其活性伴随着果实后熟衰老发生变化。乙烯处理可提高番茄果实蛋白酶SP-2的活性,使SP-1和SP-3活性被提前检出,而1-甲基环丙烯处理对蛋白酶起相反作用。番茄果实蛋白酶受果实后熟衰老和乙烯的双重调控,是衰老相关蛋白酶。该文为进一步研究蛋白酶与果蔬衰老的关系提供参考。     

小流量与大流量滴灌带对大豆生长及产量的影响

本研究在一膜一管四行大豆膜下滴灌的栽培模式下采用小管径小流量φ12-1.6L/h滴灌带与常规大管径大流量φ16-2.8L/h滴灌带对膜下滴灌大豆进行了4个主要性状指标的综合分析和评价。结果表明,φ16-2.8L/h滴灌带在干物质积累、叶面积指数、群体光合势、产量等方面均高于φ12-1.6L/h滴灌带。     

马铃薯甲虫自然种群抗寒能力测定

为明确马铃薯甲虫自然种群的抗寒性,利用热敏电阻测定仪对马铃薯甲虫不同虫态过冷却点和冰点进行了测定。结果表明:不同虫态过冷却点和冰点之间存在显著性差异,其中以卵和成虫的过冷却点最低,分别为:(-13.73±0.93)℃和(-7.89±0.07)℃,显著低于其他虫态。3龄幼虫的过冷却点和冰点最高,分别为:(-6.21±0.08)℃和(-2.80±0.08)℃;过冷却点由低到高顺序为:卵<成虫<1龄幼虫<蛹<4龄幼虫<2龄幼虫<3龄幼虫;冰点由低到高的顺序为:卵<1龄幼虫<成虫<2龄幼虫<蛹<4龄幼虫<3龄幼虫;同一虫态个体间的过冷却点频次分布出现不同程度的变异,但均服从正态分布。研究结果为制定马铃薯甲虫在我国潜在分布和风险分析提供了科学依据。     

菲律宾蛤仔对扑草净的生物富集与消除规律

以QuEChERS作为样品前处理手段,建立测定水产品中扑草净残留的气相色谱-质谱法 (GC-MS)。样品以乙腈-二氯甲烷 (V∶V=8∶2) 混合溶液提取,提取液经吸附剂中性氧化铝、N-丙基乙二胺 (PSA)、纳米二氧化锆结合石墨化炭黑 (GCB) 净化后上机检测,内标法定量。结果显示,扑草净质量浓度介于5~200 μg·L⁻¹线性关系良好,相关系数 (R²) 为0.9999。对草鱼 (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、鳜 (Siniperca chuatsi)、中国对虾 (Penaeus chinensis)、海参 (Holothuria sp.) 和文蛤 (Meretrix meretrix) 进行4个水平的加标回收实验 (10、20、40和200 µg·kg⁻¹),方法的加标回收率为85.8%~111.8%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~8.8%,满足GB/T 27404—2008《实验室质量控制规范 食品理化检测》中实验室质量控制规范。扑草净的检出限 (LOD, S/N≥3) 和定量限 (LOQ, S/N≥10) 分别为5和10 µg·kg⁻¹。该方法简单、快速、灵敏、净化效果好,能满足水产品中扑草净残留的检测需求。     

Speciation of heavy metals in garden soils: evidences from selective and sequential chemical leaching

Purpose  

Gardening (especially food growing) in urban areas is becoming popular, but urban soils are often very contaminated for historical reasons. There is lack of sufficient information as to the bioavailability of soil heavy metals to plants and human in urban environments. This study examines the relative leachability of Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Zn, and Pb for soils with varying characteristics. The speciation and mobility of these metals can be qualitatively inferred from the leaching experiments. The goal is to use the data to shed some light on their bioavailability to plant and human, as well as the basis for soil remediation.     

Adaptability of various models of the water production function for rice in Jilin Province,China

The existing irrigation schedule of most rice-growing areas in Jilin Province is not in full compliance with the Water Requirements Law of the rice; these discrepancies affect the yield of rice to some extent. Thus, research on rice water regulations and selection of an appropriate water production function model (WPFM) is very important. In this study, according to the water demand characteristics of rice, we used drought treatments separately during the tillering, jointing booting, flowering, and milky stages. Evapotranspiration and yield data were obtained using a test pit experiment and production measurements in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Five commonly used WPFMs (the Jensen, Blank, Minhas, Stewart, and Singh model) were selected for this study, and the water sensitivity index of each model was calculated based on the evapotranspiration, yield, and the model equations. The Jensen model was found to be the most suitable WPFM for this region; furthermore, a mathematical relationship between the water sensitivity index and days after rice planting was established. These results have important theoretical and practical implications for guidelines regarding rice irrigation in Jilin Province.     

断奶仔犬营养性腹泻的防治

一、断奶仔犬的营养生理特点 （一）代谢机能旺盛,相对生长迅速 仔犬代谢旺盛,生长快,每千克体增重的蛋白质沉积量为4～7g,而成年犬每千克体增重沉积的蛋白质仅为0．1～0．2g,前者是后者的35～40倍;仔犬每千克体重需119～320mg钙,89～240mg磷。     

蛋氨酸的功能及代谢吸收过程

本文介绍了蛋氨酸的功能,并且详细阐述了蛋氨酸的代谢过程和吸收过程,为合理调控蛋氨酸在动物体内的吸收代谢和在饲料中添加蛋氨酸提供了理论依据。