铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区浮游植物群落特征与水质评价

经济发展改变了铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区的水域水生生态环境,为了揭示该保护区浮游植物群落结构特征与水质状况,分别于2011年6月、7月及9月按对4个代表性断面进行浮游植物群落研究,并根据浮游植物群落结构的物种组成,及其结合Shannon-Weaver指数和 Pielou 均匀度指数对水质营养及污染状况进行评价。结果表明：该保护区浮游植物有86种,其中绿藻门最多,34种,占全部浮游植物种类的39.53%;硅藻次之,29种,占总种类的33.73%;蓝藻门14种,占总种类的16.28%。浮游植物总平均密度为9.79×105 ind•L-1,总平均生物量为0.303mg•L-1,调查区域浮游植物平均密度由高到低依次为铜陵沙头南>铜陵沙头北>萝卜洲尾南>萝卜洲尾北;平均生物量由高到低依次为铜陵沙头南>铜陵沙头北>萝卜洲尾北>萝卜洲尾南。铜陵淡水豚自然保护区水质属于富营养型,处于α-中污染状态。     

真鲷窒息点与耗氧率的初步测定

真鲷(Pagrosomus major T and S)是广东及其他各省市沿海海水网箱养殖的主要鱼类之一。随着真鲷人工繁殖和苗种培育的成功,真鲷养殖业将会有一个更大的发展。夫于鱼类的窒息点与耗氧率的研究早有不少,但是对真鲷除个别学者提及其窒息点外,真正对其窒息点与耗氧率的系统研究尚未见到。为了绘其鲷的人工繁殖、苗种培育、运输和成鱼养殖提供呼吸生理方面的理论依据,笔者于1990年春对真鲷的窒息点和耗氧率进行了初步测定,就不同规格大小的苗种及备种外界条件与窒息点和耗氧率之间的关系进行了初步探讨。     

草鱼出血病的病原研究

草鱼出血病的病原研究,始于50年代。1978—84年,分离到一种病原病毒,定名为草鱼呼肠孤病毒或鱼呼肠孤病毒。本文报道从出血病病鱼组织的电镜研究中发现两种病毒颗料,一种即是呼肠孤病毒,另一种是20-30nm大小的病毒。经病毒的核酸分析,前者是双股RNA病毒;后者为单股RNA病毒。用分离到的这两种病毒分别注入1足龄健康草鱼,可发生两类不同症状的出血病;呼肠孤病毒主要导致“肠出血型”症状;另一种病毒(经初步鉴别属于小RNA病毒科病毒)主要导致“肌肉出血型”出血病。由此,可以证实两种病毒都是草鱼出血病的病原病毒,同时也初步解释出现两种不同症状出血病的原因。     

池塘中亚硝酸盐对草鱼种的毒害及防治

亚硝酸盐对草鱼种有很高的毒性,特别是水温超过30℃以上时。它主要是诱导草鱼血液中的血红蛋白转变为高铁血红蛋白,高铁血红蛋白超过血红蛋白总量的23.0％时,容易诱发草鱼出血病。随着草鱼血液中高铁血红蛋白的增高,红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量逐渐减少。池中亚硝酸盐氮含量到0.099±0.03毫克/升时,草鱼会出现出血病。清除水中亚硝酸盐氮的方法是在池塘中施加次氯酸钠,亚硝酸盐氮超过0.15毫克/升时,最好在池塘中先施加熟石灰,然后施加次氯酸钠,且以分次施用,效果较好。     

霍山石斛类原球茎诱导及其发育过程研究

 以霍山石斛试管苗带节茎段为材料, 诱导产生类原球茎, 并研究类原球茎发育过程。结果表 明, 霍山石斛类原球茎诱导的适宜培养基为Knudson + 2, 4-D 0.1 mg·L ^{- 1} + KT 0.05 mg·L ^{- 1} , 诱导率为25.50%。以固体静置、固液双层静置、液体静置、液体振荡4种不同培养方式进行增殖培养, 其中液体振荡培养方式更适于类原球茎快速增殖。类原球茎通过胚状体发生途径形成, 类似于合子胚的发育, 即经历原胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶胚, 最后发育为成熟胚。类原球茎发育进程大致可分为类原球茎形成期、类原球茎肥大期、茎叶分化期、茎叶形成期以及茎叶伸长期等阶段。     

切花月季Rh-DREB1基因的克隆及其在乙烯和失水胁迫下的表达

以切花月季Rosa hybrida 'Samantha'为试材,通过简并引物和RACE方法从花瓣中获得了两个逆境诱导转录因子DREB家族基因全长.推定的氨基酸序列分析表明,这两个基因都具有DREB1转录因子的典型特征,因而分别命名为Rh-DREB1A和Rh-DREBIB,GenBank登录号分别为EU784069和EU784070.Rh-DREB1A和Rh-DREB1B分别包含一个编码222和231个氨基酸序列的开放阅读框.半定量RT-PCR分析结果表明,Rh-DREB1A和Rh-DREB1B在月季花瓣中能够被失水胁迫强烈诱导,但是不受乙烯诱导.由所得结果推测,这两个转录因子参与了失水胁迫诱导的信号转导途径.     

Polyamines enhance chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating antioxidative system

Cucumber chilling-resistant cultivar Changchun mici and -sensitive cultivar Beijing jietou were used in this study to investigate the effects of exogenous PAs on protection against chilling injury as well as on changes of physiological features, and the fluctuation of free PAs content in the leaves under chilling stress. Upon chilling treatment, free spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm) and putrescine (Put) were remarkably induced in the leaves of cv. Changchun mici 1 day after treatment. The induction of Put declined thereafter, whereas Spd and Spm levels increased steadily. In the leaves of cv. Beijing jietou, Put content was increased only at 1 day after chilling while Spd content decreased significantly upon chilling treatment. Chilling reduced soluble protein content, and decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) only in Beijing jietou. However, these changes could be renovated by exogenous application of Put and Spd. It was also found that pretreatment with Put and Spd diminished the increased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content caused by chilling in the leaves of both cultivars. Pretreatment of methyglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), the PAs biosynthetic inhibitor cancelled the effects of PAs in most of the treatments. Moreover, histochemical staining and quantitative measurements showed that exogenous application of Put and Spd eliminated but MGBG exaggerated the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation caused by chilling stress, especially in leaves of Beijing jietou. Interestingly, Changchun mici was found to contain higher endogenous free PAs contents compared to Beijing jietou. While no significant difference of SOD, POD and CAT activities was found between non-chilling Changchun mici and Beijing jietou seedlings, the former exhibited higher APX activity than the latter. These results suggest that PAs play important roles in the tolerance of cucumber against chilling stress, which is most likely achieved by acting as oxidative machinery against chilling injury.     

小果型西瓜新品种‘圣女红2号’

 ‘圣女红2号’为优质、特早熟、小果型西瓜新品种。植株长势强健, 抗病抗逆性强, 雌花出现早, 易坐果, 果实膨大快, 单果质量1.8～2.2 kg。果实椭圆形, 浅绿底覆墨绿细条带, 果肉浓粉红色, 肉质松脆细嫩, 品质佳, 适合各地春播大中棚特早熟覆盖栽培。     

Effect of angiontensin-(1-7) on development of monocrotaline induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and vascular remodeling

AIM: To investigate the effect of angiotensin-(1-7) ［Ang-(1-7)］ on the development of monocrotaline (MCT) induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and vascular remodeling.METHODS: 60 Sprgue-Dawely rats were randomly assigned into three groups: control group, PAH group and PAH+Ang-(1-7) group. Rats in PAH group and PAH +Ang-(1-7) group received 60 mg/kg MCT injection subcutaneously and after 24 h received either saline or 24 μg·kg-1·h-1 of Ang-(1-7) injection via osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. These rats in control group were firstly injected saline subcutaneously and then received saline injection via osmotic minipumps.RESULTS: After 4 weeks, in PAH group, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), percentage of wall thickness (WT%) and percentage of wall area (WA%) of pulmonary artery were significantly increased and NO concentration, the level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), eNOS Ser1177-phosphorylation were significantly decreased compared with control group. However, RVSP, RVHI, WT %, WA % were dramatically decreased in PAH +Ang-(1-7) group and NO concentration, the level of eNOS protein, eNOS Ser1177-phosphorylation were significantly increased compared with PAH group.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang-(1-7) could prevent the development of monocrotaline induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and vascular remodeling, which appears to be associated with up-regulation of NO concentration and the level of eNOS protein, eNOS Ser1177-phosphorylation.