贝类养殖技术之二魁蚶围塘养殖技术

魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii)俗名赤贝、大毛蛤,是一种大型、深水经济贝类,在我国自然海区主要分布于黄海北部。近年来,魁蚶人工养殖发展迅猛,成为我国出口创汇的优势水产品之一,浙江省温岭市在2005年从辽宁丹东引进魁蚶苗种进行试养,经过1年的养殖,积累了一些技术经验,现将魁蚶围塘养殖技术介绍如下。一、池塘选择池塘面积20亩~30亩,滩面水深1m以上;要求水质清新,附近无生活和工业污染,池塘进排水畅通,堤坝牢固,有进排水控制闸;池塘底质上层以软泥为主,中下层为泥沙底质为好;海水盐度在12‰以上,pH在7.5~8.6之间。二、放养前的准备工作1.…     

Standardizing catch and effort data of the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery in the western and central Pacific Ocean for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus

Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is often used as an index of relative abundance in fisheries stock assessments. However, the trends in nominal CPUE can be influenced by many factors in addition to stock abundance, including the choice of fishing location and target species, and environmental conditions. Consequently, catch and effort data are usually ‘standardized’ to remove the impact of such factors. Standardized CPUE for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, caught by the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery in the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) for 1964–2004 were derived using three alternative approaches (GLM, GAM and the delta approach), and sensitivity was explored to whether catch-rates of yellowfin tuna and albacore tuna are included in the analyses. Year, latitude, and the catch-rate of yellowfin explained the most of the deviance (32–49%, depending on model configuration) and were identified consistently among methods, while trends in standardized catch-rate differed spatially. However, the trends in standardized catch-rates by area were found to be relatively insensitive to the approach used for standardization, including whether the catch-rates of yellowfin and albacore were included in the analyses.     

鹿茸对昆明小鼠精子质量的影响

目的本试验旨在探究鹿茸对昆明小鼠精子质量的影响。方法雄性昆明小鼠48只随机分为空白对照组以及3mg/kg低剂量组、6mg/kg中剂量组和12mg/kg高剂量组,连续经口灌胃鹿茸14d。结果灌胃给雄性昆明小鼠6mg/kg鹿茸和12mg/kg鹿茸时精子活动率、精子数量和精子成活率显著高于对照组;高、中、低三个剂量组对精子畸形率均无显著影响。结论灌胃给药6mg/kg和12mg/kg鹿茸时,可提高雄性昆明小鼠的精子质量。     

露天水泥池方斑东风螺养殖技术探讨

报道了2009年8月10日和2010年7月10日,二批次进行露天水泥池养殖方斑东风螺试验的结果。表明在福建闽南沿海养殖方斑东风螺7月初前后投放壳高0．6～1cm螺苗是最佳时间,整个养殖过程水温平均26．1℃,日均增长和日均增重高达0．16mm和0．037g。特定增长率和特定增重率平均达到0．97％和2．74％,养殖商品...     

长江江苏段中华绒螯蟹资源现状及保护对策初探

根据2004年7月～2006年3月间对长江江苏段靖江江段渔获中中华绒螯蟹的比例分析,结果显示:江段中中华绒螯蟹在渔获中比例的数量峰值主要集中在上半年度,以3月份为最高,达到渔获数量的1438％。重量比例峰值主要集中在05年的3月份和9月～11月份,以05年10月份最高,达27．17％,11月份次之。在04年秋季至05年冬季间,05年渔获中中华绒螯蟹的数量比例和重量比例部比04年同季节的值要高,江段中华绒螯蟹资源正处于恢复阶段。     

闽江河口养虾塘水体可溶性有机碳、营养盐和叶绿素a浓度变化特征

为揭示河口区陆基养虾塘可溶性有机碳(DOC)、营养盐、叶绿素a时空动态变化及其生态化学计量特征,在福建省闽江河口鳝鱼滩选择3个陆基养虾塘作为研究对象,于2018年5-10月原位测定养虾塘水温、pH、盐度、溶解氧指标,并采集不同深度水样,实验室测定DOC、可溶性无机氮(DIN)、磷酸盐(PO43--P)、叶绿素a浓度,探讨其主要影响因素。结果表明,养虾塘水体中DOC、DIN、PO43--P和叶绿素a质量浓度分别介于5.73~16.79 mg·L-1、0.04~1.80 mg·L-1、0.03~0.16 mg·L-1和15.02~443.08μg·L-1,均存在明显的时空变化特征;养虾塘水体DOC、营养盐、叶绿素a浓度受到养殖水体水环境参数、人为活动、养殖生物的共同影响;养虾塘水体碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)营养元素组成与植物、土壤之间具有相似性,并且表现为碳盈余和氮限制。在养殖过程中,加强对养虾塘水体营养盐和叶绿素a的动态变化监测,通过人为方式调节养虾塘水体C、N、P比率,对于防止养虾塘水体富营养化,促进养虾塘生态系统绿色可持续生产具有重要作用。     

4LS-1.6型线辣椒收获机的研制

介绍了4LS-1.6型线辣椒收获机的结构组成、工作原理和试制试验概况,重点论述了采摘滚筒、清选装置等几个关键部件(零件)的设计原理、结构特点、三维造型和整机试验检测情况。田间试验检测结果表明,该机采摘率为99.72%、总损失率5.76%、破损率为2.59%,主要性能指标达到或超过了设计要求。     

电力负荷管理系统反窃电措施

在电力负荷管理系统中,使用反窃电监测仪,对计量回路电压,电流等实施监控主站集中监视和巡检反映窃电的方法,及时捕获窃电和提高反窃电速度。     

杨桃果实生长发育过程中营养品质的变化

杨桃（Averrhoa arambola L．）为华南地区重要的热带水果。本试材为华南农业大学园艺分场种植的3年生盆栽马来西亚甜杨桃，砧木为酸杨桃。在杨桃的开花期，选择生长势、开花数量和时间较一致45株为试材，再选择受精时间一致的果实做标记。采样时问从开花后（2003年7月15日）至杨桃充分成熟（2003年10月25）。测定杨桃果实中的糖（蒽酮比色法）、有机酸（HPLC法）、维生素C（2，6-二氯靛酚钠滴定法）和单宁（高锰酸钾滴定法）的含量。     

Effects of elevated temperature in vivo on the maturational and developmental competence of porcine germinal vesicle stage oocytes

Postslaughter processing of sow carcasses results in the ovaries being exposed to temperatures of 41.3 to 42.1 degrees C within a 30-min time frame. This study investigated whether the maturational and developmental competence of the recovered germinal vesicle stage oocytes could be compromised by post-slaughter processing. The results showed that the in vitro maturation rates of GV stage oocytes exposed to elevated temperature did not significantly differ from the corresponding controls (74.1 vs. 75.8%). Immunocytochemical staining revealed that elevated temperature did not adversely affect metaphase II spindle formation but resulted in extensive disruption of oocyte cytoskeletal organization. This, in turn, had a detrimental effect on parthenogenetic development compared with the corresponding nonheat-treated controls (cleavage rate = 27.7 vs. 65.3%, P < 0.01; blastulation rate = 6.7 vs. 20.6%, P < 0.01). Hence, transient exposure to elevated temperature during slaughter did not have any detrimental effects on nuclear maturation per se, but it did result in extensive cytoskeletal damage, which in turn drastically decreased the developmental competence.