东北鼢鼠生活习性初探

本文通过对东北鼢鼠生活习性定位监测,初步掌握了其活动规律与地形、气温、土壤湿度等生态因子变化的关系,同时还探讨了东北鼢鼠的雌雄比例,繁殖情况、洞道结构和食性等,为今后防治工作提供了科学依据。     

茯苓液体培养条件研究及其营养浓缩液的相关检测

研究表明，液体培养条件下，茯苓经0～48h的适应期，48～144h的增殖期后进入稳定期，发酵液pH骤降。经检测，发酵液中含有包括十六烷酸和十八烷酸在内的有机酸；发酵罐培养120h，生物量≥30g/l00mL(鲜重)。茯苓营养浓缩液多糖含量≥5．0mg/mL，氨基酸含量≥480mg/100mL。动物实验证明，茯苓营养浓缩液具有显著的抗疲劳和提高机体免疫力作用，其重金属和微生物指标均符合国家标准。     

加快淮北地区杂交粳稻发展的几个问题

回顾了淮北地区十多年来杂交粳稻示范推广的发展过程，分析了影响杂交粳稻发展的主要原因，并论述了加快该地区杂交粳稻发展的几个主要问题。     

Effects of air temperature, air movement and artificial rain on the heat production of brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula): an exploratory study

Two groups of six mature brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpeculu) were housed in two respiration chambers, and their heat production, whole body conductance and lower critical temperatures were measured under a variety of simulated weather patterns. The possums were subjected to ambient temperatures of 30, 20 and 3 degrees C. At 20 and 3 degrees C, the animals were exposed to near still air and light winds (wind speed 0.8 and 6.7 km/h), both with, and without, simulated rain every 8 hours. The lower critical temperature in near still air lies between 7 and 10 degrees C. This temperature increases by about 2, 6 and 8 degrees C respectively for a wind velocity of 6.7 km/h, simulated rain and a combination of the two factors. Weather in New Zealand, especially in the cooler part of the year, will often produce conditions below the lower critical temperature of the thermoneutral zone of possums. This will necessitate significant increases in metabolic rate and hence food consumption or mobilisation of body fat reserves, which if not sustainable will result in the death of possums. Field studies have shown that this is often the case in the wild. It is proposed that this stress may be sufficient to decrease the resistance (especially cell-mediated immunity) of some possums and allow acceleration of the disease process in those infected with Mycobacterium bovis.     

Intranuclear cisternal and vesicular structures in canine circumanal gland carcinoma cells

Intranuclear cisternal and vesicular structures, bound by a single membrane, were observed for the first time in some glandular "bird's eye" cells of canine circummanal gland carcinomas. The role of these intranuclear structures is not clear. It is suggested that they may be involved in cellular adaptation to an environment of nutrient deficiency, as a result of cell overcrowding.     

Metabolic fate of [14C]endrin in bluegill fish

Bluegill absorbed 85% of 1 ppb of endrin from water within 48 hr under static exposure conditions. The absorbed radiocarbon was eliminated linearly with a half-life of about 4 weeks. Analyses of eliminated radioactivity revealed only conjugated metabolites. 12-anti-Hydroxyendrin and 12-syn-hydroxyendrin were tentatively identified by cochromatography using thin-layer chromatography/autoradiography and gas chromatography. These metabolites were also present as conjugates in the fish organs. Seventy-three percent of the absorbed radioactivity recovered from fish extracts was in the form of unchanged endrin.     

胡桃长足象研究初报

胡桃长足象是核桃果实的大害虫,为害损失很大。1975年以来,我们在四川平武地区进行了生活习性观察和防治试验,初步明确了以下几个问题。1.胡桃长足象一年一代。11月份以成虫越冬,次年4月上旬开始活动,为害果、芽、嫩枝、叶柄,5月上旬交尾产卵于果中,一般一果一粒,8月中旬产卵结束,10月陆续死亡。当年成虫6月中旬羽化,进行为害。2.成虫有假死性和向阳性,飞翔力弱,具有与核桃树芽苞相似的保护色。3.防治胡桃长足象,应抓住越冬成虫大量出现和卵孵化盛期时进行。用每毫升含孢量二至五亿的白僵菌液或50%的三硫磷乳油、50%速灭松乳剂、82%磷胺乳剂加水一千倍喷雾,效果良好。     

A complement fixing antigen in the livers of birds infected with an avian leukovirus (erythroblastosis virus).

Extracts of erythroblastosis affected livers from which much of the structural protein had been removed were prepared by acid denaturation. These extracts contained complement fixing "soluble" antigen in a form which was not associated with viral or subviral particles. Ultracentrifugation can be of assistance in separating complement fixation activity from contaminating material in these extracts.