大豆主要性状演化的初步研究

本文概述了从野生大豆进化到栽培大豆各个性状演化趋势。进化程度以产量性状最大;三种类型中以半野生型变异最大;各性状变异情况以荚大小、每荚粒数、全生育期变化最小,而单株荚数、粒数及粒重变异最大;从各性状相关分析看出:三种类型相关性均相似,其相关值大小可顺序排列为叶面积—叶宽>产量性状>全生育期—出苗到开花日数>植株性状。     

不同品种授粉对长山核桃坐果及果实性状的影响

以9个授粉品种对5个长山核桃无性系进行人工授粉,探讨不同授粉品种对长山核桃坐果率及果实性状的影响。结果表明,5个无性系的父本方差贡献率均高于5 0%,同一母本下,不同父本的杂交组合之间坐果差异都达到了极显著水平。父、母本之间表现出交互作用,除核果质量的父本间差异不显著,其余性状各差异均达到极显著水平;4 5个杂交组合内7个性状指标的变异幅度很大,变异系数最大的是无性系2 1号单果质量,达到2 6.3 3%,最小的是无性系1 3号核果径,为1.5 3%;根据各杂交组合单株间坐果及果实性状的差异情况,为5个母本筛选了适合的父本作为与其配置的授粉品种,如3 5号和建林1号可为无性系1 0 4授粉,1号、3 4号和建林1号可为无性系2 8号授粉,5号和1 2 7号可为无性系2 1号授粉,3 4号和6号可为无性系1 3号授粉,以及3 5号、5 2号和建林1号可为无性系1 1号授粉。     

Three-dimensional deformation measured in an alaskan glacier

Measurements of movement along 28 boreholes reveal the three-dimensional flow field in a 6 million cubic meter reach of Worthington Glacier, a temperate valley glacier located in Alaska. Sliding at the bed accounted for 60 to 70 percent of the glacier's surface motion. Strain rates in the ice were low from the surface to a depth of about 120 meters, but then increased rapidly toward the bed. Ice deformation was not affected by temporal changes in the sliding rate. The three-dimensional pattern of motion indicates that plane strain, which is often assumed by models, is a poor approximation of this viscous flow.     

二行程双向旋转小型汽油发动机的研究

通过对作者的专利技术“二行程双向旋转小型汽油发动机”（专利号：９５２０２４２８．４）的力学计算及实验测试,进一步阐明了这种新型动力机械的先进性及可行性,并推断出其使用寿命可比原单向旋转的同型号的发动机延长６０％．     

BJL-5消防泵振动性能的研究

该文通过传递矩阵法来确定消防泵转子的临界转速,并应用频谱分析对不同支承条件下同一台泵转子的振动强度进行比较．结果表明原设计支承结构容易造成较大的弯曲振动．采用蜗流传感器进行了泵轴振动位移测量,结果表明两点支承时泵的悬伸转子也可在规定的挠度范围内运转,这为消防泵支承结构的改进提供了依据．     

秦京输油管道优化运行研究

在对秦京输油管道系统分析的基础上,建立了秦京输油管道优化运行的动态规划数学模型,将这个数学模型看作二维资源分配问题,即把全线总压头和全线总热负荷在各站间进行最优分配。提出了一种二维动态规划求解方法,在求解时用逐次法降维。这种方法既充分考虑了秦京输油管道的特点,又兼顾了数学上的严密性,在所建立的数学模型及提出的优化计算方法的基础上,用Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ语言开发了秦京输油管道     

Identification of a blue photoluminescent composite material from a combinatorial library

A quaternary combinatorial masking strategy was used in conjunction with photolithography to generate compositionally diverse thin-film phosphor libraries containing 1024 different compositions on substrates 2.5 centimeters square. A parallel imaging system and scanning spectrophotometer were used to identify and characterize compositions in the library with interesting luminescent behavior. Optimal compositions were identified with the use of gradient libraries, in which the stoichiometry of a material was varied continuously. This process led to the identification of an efficient blue photoluminescent composite material, Gd3Ga5O12/SiO2. Experimental evidence suggests that luminescence in this material may arise from interfacial effects between SiO2 and Gd3Ga5O12.     

7500 years of prehistoric footwear from arnold research cave, missouri

Accelerator mass spectrometer dating of an assemblage of fibrous and leather footwear from Arnold Research Cave in central Missouri documents a long sequence of shoe construction by prehistoric Midwestern peoples, beginning perhaps as early as 8300 calendar years before the present (cal years B.P.). An earlier fibrous sandal form dates from 8325 to 7675 cal years B.P., and later fibrous or leather slip-ons span the period from 5575 to 1070 cal years B.P. The assemblage adds to a growing picture of the highly varied nature of prehistoric footwear production in the United States throughout the Holocene.     

陕西省南部地区土壤粘粒特性研究

陕西南部土壤粘粒特性的研究发现,陕西省南部北亚热带湿润地区,发育在第四纪下蜀黄土母质上的土壤粘粒含量高,粘化层不明显,粘土矿物以伊利石和蒙脱石为主,粘粒铁富集明显;发育在基岩风化物母质上的土壤粘化层明显,粘土矿物以蒙脱石、蛭石为主,且有一定量的高岭石,粘粒中铝富集强烈。中山区暖温带湿润地区的土壤,粘粒含量较低,粘土矿物以伊利石、绿泥石为主,粘粒中铁、铝富集均不明显,元素的淋溶迁移较弱。     

黄土高原降雨因素对土壤侵蚀的影响

根据调查和模拟降雨试验资料分析,黄土高原地区降雨是影响土壤侵蚀的最重要因素之一。水土流失主要是由少数几次大雨或暴雨所引起,大多数的降雨一般不产生地表径流;能够引起水土流失的土壤侵蚀暴雨标准随雨强和历时而异;ＥＩ３０是较适用的降雨侵蚀力指标,各种降雨特征值具有明显的空间分布规律。