Recycling Dosage Analysis of Alkaline Hydrolysis Supernatant ofWAS as Carbon Source for Denitrification

Reaction rate of alkaline supernatant of waste activated sludge (WAS) as carbon sources for denitrification was investigated to determine the recycling dosage preliminarily. WAS was digested under alkaline conditions and batch tests were carried out under different VFA/N ratio at SRT=9d to examine the denitrification rate and choose the optimal ratio. And then a comparative test was carried out for actual sewage wastewater and pure sewage wastewater to investigate its feasibility in recycle and the recycling dosage. It was found that denitrification curve of all ratios could be divided into four stages and the denitrification rate increased obviously with the increase of VFA/N ratio, which was consistent with that of the pH curve. While as the ratio increased beyond 2.47, the denitrification rate increased slowly. Furthermore, when the supernatant was added to the sewage wastewater to some extent, denitrification rate increased significantly and the removal amount of nitrate in two parallel tests were 47.0 and 33.9 mg/L, respectively.     

阿克苏地区中龄期苹果树的根系空间分布研究

采用剖面挖掘和分层取样法,利用WinRHIZO Pro2010a根系分析系统对新疆阿克苏地区苹果园漫灌条件下的中龄期(基径9 cm)红富士苹果树的吸收根(根径<2 mm)和输导根(根径≥2 mm)的空间分布状况进行了研究。结果表明,在水平方向的土壤中,苹果树吸收根与输导根根长密度与根表面积表现出单峰型的分布规律,吸收根根长密度和根表面积最大值出现在离树干水平距25～50 cm处的土壤内,输导根根长密度和根表面积最大值出现在离树干水平距0～25 cm处的土壤内,80%以上的根系分布在离树干水平距0～125 cm的土壤内。在垂直方向即土层中,苹果树的吸收根根长密度表现出双峰型的分布规律,吸收根根表面积与输导根的根长密度和根表面积都表现出单峰型的分布规律,80%以上的吸收根与输导根分布在0～80 cm的土层内。总之,距树干0～125 cm的土壤内及0～80 cm的土层是中龄期苹果树的重要分布区域,可作为拟定阿克苏地区苹果园中龄期苹果树田间水分、养分管理措施的理论依据。     

不同土壤熏蒸剂对烤烟苗床杂草的药效试验

以烟草品种龙江911为供试材料,对适每地、维博亩和斯美地这3种不同土壤熏蒸剂防除烟草苗床杂草效果进行了试验。结果表明,适每地和斯美地这两种土壤熏蒸剂对苗床杂草均有较好的防除效果。综合防除效果及安全性等因素．以斯美地效果最理想,其次是适每地,均可在黑龙江省烟区推广使用。     

表型组学及多组学联合分析在植物种质资源精准鉴定中的应用

种质资源是指具有实际或潜在利用价值的、携带生物遗传信息的载体。表型组学是近年来新兴的高通量、高分辨率的表型分析技术和平台。随着各种先进的表型组学研究工具和平台的研发,表型组学在种质资源筛选和评价中起着越来越重要的作用:在植物优异农艺性状鉴定、抗逆性研究、突变体研究和分子标记辅助育种研究中,高能量、高分辨率的鉴定技术对基因与环境互作的表型鉴定,为种质资源的规模化、批量化鉴定评价提供了基础和条件,为发掘优异种质和优良等位基因奠定了基础。     

广西岩溶区烟草栽培地土壤养分、微生物与病害发生的调查分析

对广西岩溶区靖西县栽培的烟草根际土壤养分、微生物数量和主要病害的发生情况进行了调查分析。结果表明：该地区土壤pH偏高,营养元素除了速效钾含量较低外,有机质、全氮、速效磷、有效锰、有效铁、有效铜、有效锌含量均为丰富,总体肥力较好,其中水田土壤的有机质、全氮含量显著高于旱田（P<0.01）。土壤中微生物总量为1.21×107~9.91×107个/g,其中细菌数量占绝对优势,放线菌次之,真菌最少,水田细菌数量显著高于旱田（P<0.05）。3种病害总体以马铃薯Y病毒病为主,发生范围最广,黒胫病次之,青枯病偶有发生。相关分析表明,土壤有机质和全氮含量对细菌数量或总量有很大的影响,土壤速效磷和pH值对植株发病率的影响较大。     

低钾胁迫下烟草根系差异表达基因的cDNA-AFLP分析

烟叶含钾量是评价优质烟叶重要品质指标,大量研究认为钾元素的吸收和积累是由植物基因型所控制,而在烟草转录水平上的低钾胁迫的应答机制方面,尚未见报道.本实验为鉴定烟草低钾胁迫响应基因,应用,cDNA-AFLP技术,对低钾胁迫下烟草NC89根系基因表达进行了mRNA指纹分析,通过240对引物组合的筛选,共得到324个差异表达转录衍生片段.对其中9个TDF进行了克隆、测序和序列分析.结果表明:其中7个TDF涉及逆境响应,氨基酸的转运与代谢,转录调控及钾吸收,2个TDF为功能未知.     

啤酒营养与保健作用的研究进展

啤酒是以大麦芽、啤酒花、酵母等原料酿造而成的一种低酒度(3%)饮品。啤酒营养丰富,含多种人体必需氨基酸、维生素和微量元素,以及生物活性物质,如多酚和黄酮类化合物等,饮用后对人体的多种生理功能具有调节作用。其药理和保健作用有:防止动脉硬化和心脏病、抑制癌症、促进血液循环、改善免疫机能、抗氧化与抗衰老、促进雌激素分泌、减轻放射线损害、预防白内障、解除肾结石、镇静、活化胃、促进食欲等。     

Identification of favorable alleles in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">non</Emphasis>-<Emphasis Type="Italic">yellow coloring 1</Emphasis> gene by association mapping in maize

Association mapping was conducted to explore favorable alleles of the chlorophyll-related non-yellow coloring 1 (NYC1) gene under light and dark using an association panel of 146 maize inbred lines. A total of 14 polymorphic sites were identified to be significantly associated with at least one of the chlorophyll-related traits at the seedling stage. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (S320, S2951, S3901, and S3355) from the NYC1 gene were respectively strongly associated with chlorophyll b (chlb), the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (chl_ratio), chlorophyll a degradation (chla_deg), and total chlorophyll degradation (total_chl_deg). SNPs S320 (C/A) in exon 1, and S2951 (A/G) in intron 8 was related to chlb, with 6.01 and 8.89% of phenotypic variation under light treatment, respectively. Under dark treatment, SNP S3901 (C/T), located in 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), was associated with chl_ratio, explaining 7.01% of the observed phenotypic variation, whereas SNP S3355 (C/G) in intron 9 explained 6.48 and 5.18% of phenotypic variations in chla_deg and total_chl_deg, respectively. Taken together, these results indicated that the NYC1 gene plays an important role in chlorophyll content and other related traits, and different sites act on chlorophyll metabolism under different light intensities in maize seedlings. Furthermore, these findings improve our understanding of the genetic basis of chlorophyll metabolism under different light conditions.     

ICP-MS法测定沙棘维生素P粉中13种微量元素含量

沙棘维生素P粉样品经微波消解处理,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定样品中铁、硒、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、锰、铅、砷、汞、镉等13种微量元素的含量。使用动态反应池技术消除了多原子离子对部分被测元素的干扰。方法快速准确、灵敏度高,加标回收率在95.2%～101.8%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.0%。     

温室大棚钢骨架自动弯折和自动焊接技术及装备

介绍了钢骨架自动弯折和自动焊接技术及装备的必要性和重要性,以及国内外发展现状和趋势。针对目前骨架制作难、安全性差、现有设备移动不便及消耗大量人力物力等一系列问题,在国内外现有钢骨架制作技术及装备的基础上,自主开发研制一种新型的并适合我国国情的钢骨架自动弯折和自动焊接技术及装备。重点介绍钢骨架自动弯折和自动焊接技术及装备的主要结构组成、工作原理、工作过程和关键技术特点,并对其开发应用前景进行展望。