北京市养犬管理问题及政策建议

一、背景介绍1994年,《北京市严格限制养犬规定》(简称《旧规》)颁布,其目的是要严格限制养犬,控制养犬总量,主要手段则是高额的登记、注册费,市区养犬第一年登记费     

育雏鸭几种突发性死亡的原因分析与防制措施

在肉鸭饲养生产过程中,肉鸭育雏的技术措施要求相对较高,总结多年来的饲养管理经验,育雏鸭常见突发性大批死亡多是育雏不当,导致雏鸭脱水、埋堆、湿毛和有害气体中毒等临床症状,给鸭场造成惨重的经济损失.……     

Metabolomics Tools Assisting Classic Screening Methods in Discovering New Antibiotics from Mangrove Actinomycetia in Leizhou Peninsula

Mangrove actinomycetia are considered one of the promising sources for discovering novel biologically active compounds. Traditional bioactivity- and/or taxonomy-based methods are inefficient and usually result in the re-discovery of known metabolites. Thus, improving selection efficiency among strain candidates is of interest especially in the early stage of the antibiotic discovery program. In this study, an integrated strategy of combining phylogenetic data and bioactivity tests with a metabolomics-based dereplication approach was applied to fast track the selection process. A total of 521 actinomycetial strains affiliated to 40 genera in 23 families were isolated from 13 different mangrove soil samples by the culture-dependent method. A total of 179 strains affiliated to 40 different genera with a unique colony morphology were selected to evaluate antibacterial activity against 12 indicator bacteria. Of the 179 tested isolates, 47 showed activities against at least one of the tested pathogens. Analysis of 23 out of 47 active isolates using UPLC-HRMS-PCA revealed six outliers. Further analysis using the OPLS-DA model identified five compounds from two outliers contributing to the bioactivity against drug-sensitive A. baumannii. Molecular networking was used to determine the relationship of significant metabolites in six outliers and to find their potentially new congeners. Finally, two Streptomyces strains (M22, H37) producing potentially new compounds were rapidly prioritized on the basis of their distinct chemistry profiles, dereplication results, and antibacterial activities, as well as taxonomical information. Two new trioxacarcins with keto-reduced trioxacarcinose B, gutingimycin B (16) and trioxacarcin G (20), together with known gutingimycin (12), were isolated from the scale-up fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. M22. Our study demonstrated that metabolomics tools could greatly assist classic antibiotic discovery methods in strain prioritization to improve efficiency in discovering novel antibiotics from those highly productive and rich diversity ecosystems.     

日粮中添加植物油对保育猪生长性能的影响

为了探索饲料中植物油对保育猪生长性能的影响,本研究将28 d断奶的仔猪20头随机分为4组,每组在基础日粮基础上分别添加0、2.0%、3.0%和4.0%的大豆油,通过统计采食量、平均日增重、饲料转化率及成活率等指标,研究大豆油对保育猪生长性能的影响.预饲期为5 d,试验期为37 d.结果表明,与对照组相比,添加植物油能显著提高仔猪的日增重(ADG)和饲料转化率(F/G)(P＜0.05);各试验组相比,随着添加量的增加,日增重也相应提高,其中c、d组与b组相比,差异显著(P＜0.05),c和d组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05);各试验组之间饲料转化率差异不显著(P＞0.05).综合各种因素考虑,添加3%水平的植物油对提高保育猪生长性能较为理想.     

Prion protein genotypes of sheep as determined from 3343 samples submitted from Ontario and other provinces of Canada from 2005 to 2012

This study analyzed sheep prion protein (PrP) genotypes of samples submitted from Ontario and other provinces of Canada to the Animal Health Laboratory at the University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, between 2005 and 2012. In Ontario, the proportion of scrapie-resistant sheep increased from 2005 to 2012 as evidenced by an increase in the ARR haplotype. When Canadian provinces (Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia) were compared from 2008 to 2012, a high proportion of scrapie-resistant sheep was found in all the provinces. The proportions of resistant sheep were lower in Alberta and Quebec than in Ontario and Nova Scotia. Alberta had higher proportions of susceptible sheep and a higher frequency of VRQ alleles, and Quebec had a higher frequency of the ARQ allele.     

商品肉鸡非典型新城疫的防制

近年来,随着我国农村肉鸡养殖业的较快发展,养殖户对新城疫（ND）的免疫预防都非常重视,普遍进行了ND的免疫接种.因此,典型的ND已很难再见到,剖检时也很少再见到典型ND的特征性病变,给ND的诊断和防制带来了一定的难度,同时给农村养鸡户带来了很大的经济损失.     

胭脂萝卜新品种胭脂红3号的选育

胭脂红3 号是以不育系09S77A 为母本，以自交系0484B 为父本配制而成的胭脂萝卜一代杂种。播种至收获100～120 d（天），羽状裂叶，叶片绿色，叶柄及叶脉紫红色；肉质根短圆锥形，皮紫红色，肉深红色，横径7 cm 左右，纵径8 cm 左右，单根质量250 g 左右，色素含量17‰左右；每667 m² 产量1 800 kg 左右，适宜重庆地区作色素提取和泡菜加工品种栽培。     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒分子生物学研究进展

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒（ＰＲＲＳＶ）是引起母猪流产和仔猪呼吸道症状及死亡的一种新的重要病原。该病毒于１９９１年７月首先由荷兰分离获得（当时,称之为Ｌｅｌｙｓｔａｄ病毒,ＬＶ）,接着,德国、美国、比利时、英国、苏格兰、法国、西班牙、日本、韩国及台湾等很...     

Induction of interspecific allo-tetraploids of Megalobrama amblycephala♀×Megalobrama terminalis♂ by heat shock

Interspecific allo-tetraploidy was induced by a combination of hybridization of Megalobrama amblycephala ♀× Megalobrama terminalis ♂ and thermal shock. A thermal shock at 40 °C for 2 min applied to eggs 33 or 26 min (τ₀: 1.40) after fertilization resulted in a significantly ( P <0.01) higher yield of allo-tetraploids than hybrid crosses without heat shock. The yield of allo-tetraploids in embryos from mid-gastrula to hatching stages was 15.7–24.4% in different thermal shock treatment groups. The allo-tetraploidy rate in 330-day-old juveniles was 9.3% and 6.7% in different year treatment groups. After 2 years of rearing, allo-tetraploidy males attained sexual maturity with milk-like milt at the age of 2+, while allo-tetraploidy females at the age of 2+, and even at 3+, did not show any signs of sexual maturation exhibiting obviously delayed maturity. Only a few allo-tetraploidy females (three individuals) showed maturation characters at the age of 4+ and these females were induced to spawn.     

库鄯线减压站清管作业防堵方案

介绍了库鄯线觉罗塔格减压站的主要功能和库鄯线的特点，分析了在历次清管作业中觉 罗格格减压站多次发生堵塞的原因，依据相关技术研究成果及历次清管作业经验，研究并探讨了合理的清管作业方案及防止减压站蜡油阻塞的技术和措施。