马尾松林间伐前后养分动态的研究

根据定位观测数据，对马尾松人工中龄林间伐前后的养分变化状况进行了分析研究．结果表明，通过间伐，林木各器官的养分含量均发生了明显的变化．林分养分的积累量，随着林分生物量的变化而变化．间伐以前，主要营养元素在树冠生物量中积压最多．间伐以后，主要营养元素在树干生物量中积累最多。说明间伐可以增加树干的干物质积累，对提高林木产量具有重要意义．     

粤西乐昌含笑种源试验分析*

以大坑山林场乐昌含笑种源试验林7年生观测数据作遗传变异分析,表型变异分析结果表明树高、胸径、材积、树干通直度、叶片大小、树冠浓密度和冠幅等7个性状种源间都存在较大的差异;方差分析结果表明大部分性状种源间差异达极显著或显著水平;遗传参数估计结果表明生长性状的种源遗传力处于中等偏下水平,形质性状处于中等水平,材积的遗传变异系数最大;根据多重比较结果,以材积为选择目标,选出6个速生种源,增益介于11.1%～35.1%之间。粤西乐昌含笑优良种源主要集中在广东和江西交界的多个县市。     

神农架地区珍衡植物沿河岸带的分布格局

Due to the importance of riparian zone in maintaining and protecting regional biodiversity, increasingly more ecologists paid their attentions to riparian zone and had been aware of the important effects of riparian zone in basic study and practical management. In this study, 42 sampling belts (10 m×100m) parallel to the bank of Xiangxi River at different elevations in Shennongjia Area were selected to investigate the riparian vegetation and rare plants. 14 species of rare plants were found distributing in riparian zone, accounting for 42.4% of the total rare plant species in Shennongjia Area. The main distribution range of the 14 rare plant species was the evergreen and deciduous mixed broadleaved forest at elevation of 1200–1800 m, where, species diversity of plant community was the maximum at the moderate elevation. The analysis of TWINSPAN divided the 14 rare species into 3 groups against the elevation, namely low elevation species group, moderate elevation species group, and high elevation species group. The analysis of DCA ordination showed similar results to that of TWINSPAN. In the paper, the authors discussed the reasons forming the distribution pattern of rare plant species, and pointed out that the important function of riparian zone on rare plant species protection. Foundation item: This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC39970123), and Changbai Mountain Open Research Station, Chinese Acadamy of Science. Biography: JIANG Ming-xi (1965-), male, associate professor in Wuhan Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

Tissue culture responses of explants taken from branch sources with different degrees of juvenility in mature black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) trees

We studied the in vitro responses of cambial tissue and dormant vegetative buds obtained from top and epicormic branches of three mature black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) trees. Cambial tissues isolated from epicormic branches produced more callus than cambial tissues isolated from top branches, whereas in vitro shoot cultures derived from buds excised from top branches grew faster than those derived from buds excised from epicormic branches. There were no significant differences between the two branch sources in in vitro bud break or shoot multiplication from bud explants or cambial-derived callus tissue, respectively. Furthermore, the top branches, generally considered to be the most mature in a tree, were not recalcitrant in terms of morphogenic capacity compared to epicormic branches.     

皖南冬季马尾松林昆虫、蜘蛛和虫生真菌群落结构和动态研究

冬季对皖南马尾松林昆虫、蜘蛛和虫生真菌群落垂直分层的系统调查表明，物种数依次为植食类、蜘蛛类、寄生类、捕食类、虫生真菌类，个体数依次为植食类、寄生类、蜘蛛类、捕食类、罹病虫尸数。植食类占总物种数４６．１５％，占总个体数８３．６５％。益、害生物种数之比为１．１６６７∶１，个体数之比为０．１９５４∶１。乔木层中物种数及个体数最大，个体数占总个体数５２．１％。土壤层中物种数及个体数均居第二，其中个体数占总个体数４１．６％。枯枝落叶层和灌木草本层中物种及个体数均较少。虫生真菌主要分布在枯枝落叶层、乔木层和土壤层。总个体数在１１月份较大，１２月份最少，元月份最大。使马尾松毛虫种群带菌越冬有益于提高越冬期的罹病率。     

四种限制性内切酶对美国白蛾核型多角体病毒DNA酶解分析

从HcNPV中直接分离提纯的DNA证明具有典型的紫外吸收光谱。经琼脂糖电泳后是一条带谱。用限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ、PstⅠ、BglⅡ、PVUⅡ酶解,经琼脂糖平板电泳分别产生19、22、18、22条核酸片段。以λDNA-EcoRⅠ和λDNA-HindⅢ片段作参考,计算出各片段分子量大小,积加得平均值为94.0445×10~8。     

广西国有雅长林场植物群落多样性分析

物种多样性是反映群落结构和功能特征的有效指标,是生态系统稳定性的量度。通过对广西国有雅长林场东明分场部分区域进行野外调查研究,对野外物种多样性进行测定并对记录结果进行分析。结果表明:广西国有雅长林场东明分场马尾松林和杉木林的森林植被覆盖度较高,植物群落结构较为复杂,有利于保护生态结构多样性。     

亚急性铜、镉暴露对鲤肝脏Hsp60表达的影响

试验通过实时定量PCR和Western blot技术,检测重金属铜、镉单一及联合急性暴露后鲤肝脏中Hsp60基因和蛋白水平。鲤随机分为7组,两个Cu2+处理组(0.05 mg/l和0.1 mg/l),两个镉处理组(0.63 mg/l和1.26 mg/l),两个混合处理组(0.045 mg/l和0.09 mg/l)和对照组。结果表明铜、镉单一及联合急性暴露对鲤有毒性作用,经过96 h的暴露,除混合低浓度组之外,其余各组肝脏中Hsp60基因表达水平显著提高(P0.05)。受重金属暴露的影响,初期鲤肝脏中Hsp60蛋白水平下降,随着时间推移,蛋白水平逐渐上升,混合低浓度组显著高于对照组水平(P0.05)。     

某规模羊场布鲁氏菌病的净化实践

某规模羊场的羊布鲁氏菌病（Brucellosis,以下简称布病）阳性率高达25.16%,为了公共卫生安全和提高生产水平,自2012年4月起,采用检测+扑杀的方法,每月对该场羊群检测1次,隔离饲养可疑感染羊,淘汰阳性羊,至2013年4月,每月仍有阳性羊被检出。自2013年5月起,对该场群采用免疫+检测+扑杀的方法,至2014年后的检测中,均没有出现阳性羊,净化了本病,说明对于感染率较高的羊群,采用疫苗免疫是必要的。本文将净化的经验教训加以总结,期望为该病的净化提供参考资料。