禁抗前后规模鸡场环境中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌对15种抗菌药的敏感性比较

为了解规模鸡场两种环境细菌在禁抗前后耐药性的变化,以评估使用抗菌药对养殖场用药的影响,通过对禁抗前以及禁抗6个月后规模鸡场的环境进行采样,培养分离大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌),然后针对15种常见抗菌药物开展药敏试验,并对敏感性进行比对。结果显示:禁抗前规模鸡场分离的大肠杆菌对妥布霉素、林可霉素、头孢拉定、卡拉霉素等较敏感,而对磺胺异噁唑、土霉素、头孢唑林和青霉素等耐药;金葡菌对头孢曲松、卡拉霉素、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考等较敏感,而对土霉素、磺胺异噁唑、庆大霉素、妥布霉素等耐药。禁抗6个月后,两种细菌对大部分抗菌药的敏感性都有不同程度的增加,但对土霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氟苯尼考、青霉素等的敏感性增加不多甚至有降低。结果表明禁抗总体上可以增强鸡场环境中两种细菌对抗菌药的敏感性,降低耐药性。本文为指导规模鸡场禁用和科学使用抗菌药物提供了数据支持。     

北京地区草坪杂草防治的初步研究

在摸清北京地区不同类型草坪中不同杂草种类的基础上，选择了一定效果的除草剂对这些优势种进行了２个生长季节的防治试验。结果表明，不同除草剂对草坪草敏感程度和防治效果不一样。在使用除草剂防治草坪杂草时一定要谨慎，否则将出现较大药害。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒变异株ORF6基因的克隆与原核表达研究

根据GenBank中美洲型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的ORF6基因序列,设计合成一对特异性引物,应用RT-PCR方法扩增出PRRSV的ORF6基因(M基因)。将所扩增片段克隆入原核表达载体pET-32a(+),pET-ORF6重组质粒转化DH5a宿主菌后,经双酶切、PCR鉴定后挑选阳性克隆测序鉴定并对插入的ORF6基因序列进行分析。结果表明,ORF6基因的原核表达载体构建成功。ORF6基因推导的氨基酸与美洲型相应基因的同源性为96.0%～100%,与LV株的同源性为79.9%,系统进化树表明该PRRSV属于美洲型。将构建成功的重组质粒pET-ORF6转化BL21,诱导后经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析表明:克隆在HIS标签的膜基质蛋白基因与HIS获得了高效表达,表达的融合蛋白HIS-M分子量约为39kDa,并且有免疫学反应活性。     

鹅GHR基因荧光定量PCR险测方法的建立

采用PCR方法克隆了鹅生长激素受体(GHR)基因,构建了重组质粒pMD-18T-GHR,并将其作为标准阳性模板.通过对反应条件进行优化,以定量的10倍系列稀释的质粒pMD-18T-GHR为标准品进行荧光定量PCR扩增,建立了检测GHR的荧光定量PCR方法.结果显示,该方法构建的标准曲线线性关系良好,建立的GHR基因荧光定量PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强(可以检测出低于10个拷贝/μL的样品),准确可靠.籽鹅和莱茵鹅GHRmRNA出壳到90日龄生长过程中肝脏中的表达量不同,30日龄不同组织表达量各有变化特点.     

血红素补铁剂对断奶仔猪生长和抗病性能的影响

铁是动物必需的微量元素之一．在猪体内可以作为氧和二氧化碳的载体。参与氧的运输、交换、组织呼吸过程。饲料中缺铁将影响动物机体代谢．仔猪出现贫血症状。严重者3-4周龄死亡。畜牧生产中通常在饲料中补铁或给初生2～3日龄的仔猪注射铁剂．但由于大多数无机补铁剂吸收差．同时还容易与饲料中其他必需微量元素产生拮抗．影响矿物质营养元素的吸收平衡,因此开发新型有机补铁剂有着重要的意义。     

紫花苜蓿品种在金沙江干热河谷地区的生产性能

基于灰色系统理论,对金沙江干热河谷地区引种的14个紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa品种的鲜草产量、干草产量、株高、分蘖数、茎叶比、蛋白质含量主要生产性能指标进行灰色关联度分析,根据权重比较得出各项生产性能指标的权重顺序为：蛋白质含量>鲜草产量>茎叶比>株高>干草产量>分蘖数;依据各项指标权重构建了紫花苜蓿综合评价模型,并应用综合评价模型对各品种生产性能进行综合评价,结果表明：猎人河（74-55）在综合评价模型中评价值最高,综合生产性能最好,在金沙江干热河谷地区特殊的生态条件下,是最适宜推广种植的优良品种。     

Expression of myeloperoxidase in swine influenza virus (SIV)-infected neutrophils in lungs from pigs experimentally infected with SIV subtype H1N2

The expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was examined in the swine influenza virus (SIV)-infected neutrophils in the lungs of pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus (SIV) subtype H1N2 by immunohistochemistry. Five pigs each from the infected and non-infected group were euthanized 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10?days post-inoculation (dpi). Immunohistochemical reactivity was mainly seen in neutrophils. The score for pulmonary histopathological lesions correlated with the score for MPO immunohistochemical reactivity (r ( s )?=?0.962, P?相似文献   

小肽的功能及其在仔猪生产中的应用

小肽是蛋白质在猪消化道内降解的一种中间产物,具有重要的作用。本文就小肽的分类和吸收机制、小肽的功能及在仔猪生产中的应用作一综述,并提出了未来相关的研究方向。     

Distribution and characterization of class 1 integrons in Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum biotype Gallinarum

Fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Gallinarum biotype Gallinarum is the most important chicken disease in Korea. Due to appearance of new or multiple antibiotics resistances in the recently isolated strains, it was difficult to control the disease using antibiotics in our country. Therefore, the prevalence and genetic contents of class 1 integrons in biotype Gallinarum isolated between 1992 and 2001 were investigated by PCR and direct sequencing, respectively. Out of 90 strains, 35 (39%) carried class 1 integrons. The 1.0, 1.6 and 2.0kbp amplicons were amplified in 32 strains (36%), 2 strains (2%) and 1 strain (1%), respectively. The 1.0, 1.6 and 2.0 kbp amplicons contained one (aadA1a), two (aadB-aadA1b) and three cassettes (dhfrXII-orfF-aadA2), respectively, providing resistances against aminoglycosides (aadA1a, aadA1b, aadB, and aadA2) and trimethoprim (dhfrXII). The integron-carrying strains of biotype Gallinarum appeared in 1996 and acquired additional cassettes in 2000. Although the resistances to ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol are unrelated to class 1 integrons, relatively high prevalence of integron in biotype Gallinarum may be a dormant threat to the chemotherapy of the disease in the near future because of potency to acquire additional antibiotics resistances.