植物乙酰辅酶A羧化酶β亚基acc D在因研究进展

综述了乙酰辅酶A羧化酶及其催化域羧基转移酶(Carboxyltransferase,CT)的β亚基(β-CT)的分布和生理功能、β-CT编码基因accD的分子生物学特征及乙酰辅酶A羧化酶在脂肪酸代谢工程中的应用研究进展。     

Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Embryonic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Rabbits

Factors affecting the efficiency of nuclear transfer （NT） in rabbits were examined in the present study. When 100 V mm of pulse strength and 15 us of pulse duration were employed, 3 and 4 electronic pulses resulted in significantly more cytoplasts fused with donor cells compared with 2 electronic pulses （P〈 0.05）, but no significant difference was found in the cleavage rate of reconstructed embryos among the three groups （P〉0.05）. When the duration and number of electronic pulse were fixed at 15 ps and 3 times, increase of pulse intensity from 100 V mm 1 to 150 V mm^-1 and 200 V mm^-1 resulted in a significantly decrease in the cleavage rate of reconstructed embryos （P〈 0.05）, although the fusion rate did not significantly differ among the three groups （P〉 0.05）. Significantly more reconstructed embryos cleaved and developed to blastocysts when they were derived from donor embryos at the 8-16-cell stage, in comparison with the reconstructed embryos derived from donor embryos at the compact morula stage （P 〈 0.05）, although the fusion rate was similar （P 〉 0.05）. Activation of cytoplasts prior to fusion increased the cleavage rate （P〈 0.05） and blastocyst development （P〈 0.05） of reconstructed embryos, but decreased the fusion rate （P 〈 0.05） compared with cytoplasts activated post fusion. More reconstructed embryos developed to blastocysts when they were cultured in TCM ＋ 3% OCS at the first 48 h and then cultured in TCM199＋ 10% FCS, in comparison with the reconstructed embryos cultured in either TCM199＋ 10% FCS or TCM199＋3% OCS （P 〈 0.05）. When 22 NT embryos were transferred into the oviducts of one recipient rabbit, one recipient rabbit delivered a female rabbit at 34 days of gestation. In conclusion, either electrofusion parameter or developmental stage of donor embryos have a significant effect on the efficiency of NT, NT embryos require different concentration of serum at their different development stages.     

马鹿卵母细胞的超微结构研究

目的通过对马鹿卵母细胞的超微结构进行研究,旨在为马鹿繁殖育种的研究提供基础理论依据。方法用FSH对母马鹿进行超数排卵,采用抽吸法和切割法采集卵母细胞,利用透射电镜观察其超微结构。结果在光镜下,马鹿卵母细胞的平均直径为172.958±17.298μm,卵丘细胞厚度为67.750±33.107μm,透明带厚度为13.782±2.516μm。电镜下,卵母细胞外的卵丘细胞紧紧包裹卵母细胞,且与卵母细胞之间有大量细长的微绒毛相联系;卵丘细胞核呈卵圆形,其长径为4.250±0.042μm,短径为2.750±0.071μm;透明带均匀,与卵母细胞结合紧密;在皮质区集中分布大量的多嵴型线粒体、脂滴和空泡,线粒体长径为0.600±0.106μm,短径为0.490±0.117μm;细胞核中颗粒状的核质分布非常均匀。     

不结球白菜农艺性状的主成分分析及与黑斑病的通径分析

调查了34个不同生态型不结球白菜品种的生物学性状及黑斑病发病情况，并对其进行了主成分分析和通径分析。结果表明，叶柄宽度、厚度、重量及叶绿素含量、茎重、叶片数与病情指数的相关性达1％或5％的显著水平。不结球白菜的叶重、叶柄重、叶柄厚、根重、叶片数、叶柄上、中、下宽、类胡萝卜素对农艺性状的解释能力可达83．4％，反映了不结球白菜农艺性状的绝大部分信息。叶柄宽度、厚度、重量及叶大小和数量、叶绿素对病情指数的直接负向作用依次增大，它们的值越大，则病情指数越小，品种的抗病性越强。     

产量9000kg/hm2麦田速效养分肥力指标研究

为配合河南省小麦高产县9000 kg/hm~2产量的栽培攻关,2002年在种麦前根据当年产量情况,对河南省9000 kg/hm~2产量麦田进行了取样化验,旨在探讨9000 kg/hm~2产量麦田适宜的养分肥力指标,为今后麦田合理施肥提供依据。     

高浓度静松灵注射液对三种野生反刍动物麻醉效果的观察

1997～2000年,在甘肃濒危动物研究中心,用高浓度静松灵注射液(10 %)对马鹿、扭角羚、野骆驼进行了麻醉试验,结果显示,在实验用药量0.03 mL/kg(马鹿)、0.004 mL/kg(扭角羚)和0.03 mL/kg(野骆驼)下,肌肉注射给药后,动物在1～5 min出现反应。制动诱导期为:马鹿3～12 min,扭角羚1～5 min,野骆驼5～15 min。麻醉持续时间为马鹿32±7.60 min,扭角羚120±18.44 min,野骆驼28±6.57 min。恢复时间为马鹿3±1.05 min,扭角羚2±0.30 min,野骆驼5±3.18 min。使用后均未出现中毒现象。实验表明,该药对这3种野生动物具有良好的保定效果。     

四种藤本月季耐盐性的比较

对4个藤本月季品种“西方大帝”、“莫扎特”、“夏令营”、“欢藤”进行了盐胁迫下(NaCl∶Na2SO4=4∶1)形态和生理响应研究.结果表明:盐胁迫对“西方大帝”的株高影响最大,其次为“欢腾”和“莫扎特”,而“夏令营”最小.盐胁迫下,“西方大帝”和“莫扎特”的叶面积下降幅度最大,“夏令营”最小,其中“莫扎特”在盐浓度2‰时,叶面积比对照下降了51.94%.“西方大帝”在盐胁迫处理下,叶片相对含水量显著小于对照,且在4个品种中下降最为明显.在各盐浓度胁迫条件下,4个品种的脯氨酸含量均呈增加趋势,其中“莫扎特”和“西方大帝”随胁迫浓度的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),“夏令营”与“欢腾”在4‰和6‰盐浓度下较2‰盐浓度和对照显著增加(P<0.05).可见,4个品种中,“莫扎特”和“西方大帝”的耐盐性较差,而“夏令营”和“欢腾”的耐盐性较好;且在盐浓度≤2‰的条件下,4个藤本月季品种均对盐胁迫具备一定的缓冲、调节和适应的能力.     

Mycoparasitism of Gliocladium isolates in China Mycoparasitism of Gliocladium isolates in China

During an investigation of mycoparasitic fungi on sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China, Gliocladium species was consistently encountered and isolated from natural soils collected over the country. Colonization frequencies on sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum by the fungi ranged from 40% to 100% when the sclerotia were introduced into soils and coincubated at 22-24 ℃ for 4 weeks. Identification showed that G. roseum, G. virens and G. catenulatum were the dominant species amon…     

平贝母适宜加工方法研究

以平贝母6年生地下鳞茎为试验材料,进行不同加工方法的研究。结果表明,烘箱烘干品中的生物碱含量均比先用水冲洗然后日晒(以下称水洗日晒)和不用水洗直接日晒(以下称不洗日晒)两个处理高,其中50℃干燥品生物碱含量最高,为0.2954%,比不洗日晒0.2454%高0.05个百分点;比水洗日晒0.2367%高0.0587个百分点。折干率以水洗日晒处理最高,为38.4%;烘箱55℃的烘干品折干率最低,为34.87%。烘箱3个温度烘干品表皮颜色为淡黄白色;不洗日晒干品表皮颜色为黄白色;水洗日晒干品表皮颜色为黄色;3种加工方法断面(除水洗日晒为淡黄色外)均为乳白色。从生物碱含量、折干率及外观颜色3项指标综合评价,3种加工方法以烘干加工为最好,不洗日晒次之,水洗日晒最差。     

氩离子束注入对水稻幼苗生长及过氧化物酶同工酶的影响

为探明离子束注入技术改良北方粳稻的可行性 ,试验采用能量为 30keV ,注入单位为 2 6× 10 13Ar+ /cm2 6个不同剂量的氩离子 (Ar+ )束 ,分别注入“农大 13”、“农大 7”、“秋田小町”3个粳稻品种 ,研究离子束注入后对各品种苗期性状及过氧化物酶同工酶 (POX)的影响。结果表明 :不同品种不同处理的发芽率、出苗率都低于对照 ,各处理的苗高表现为促进和抑制 2种作用。从 3个品种幼苗POX图谱看出 ,不同处理的谱带都有不同程度的变化 ,而且与苗期性状上的差异比较一致。