Osmolarity,cell volume and proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between osmolarity, cell volume and cell proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. METHODS: MTT method was applied to detect the proliferation ability of the poorly-differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell (CNE-2Z) under various osmolarity conditions. The flow cytometry was used to analyse cell cycle distribution. Cell volume was obtained by the image analysis of living cells and cell viability was determined by the trypan blue assay. RESULTS: Cultivation of cells under the hypertonic conditions of 370 and 440 mOsmol/L increased cell volume by 8.7% and 27.8% and facilitated cell proliferation by 22.2% and 33.9%, respectively. However, hypotonic incubation of cells with osmolarity of 160 and 230 mOsmol/L decreased cell volume by 12.8% and 4.1% and inhibited cell proliferation by 34.0% and 15.6%, respectively. Cell volume was positively correlated with cell proliferation rate. Long-term cultivation of cells under anisotonic conditions did not significantly alter cell cycle distribution, but hypotonic cultivation decreased cell viability. CONCLUSION: Proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was closely correlated with the osmolarity of culture medium and cell volume. Hypotonic cultivation may inhibit cell proliferation by decreasing cell volume to facilitate cell death mechanisms.     

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by hepatocyte growth factor in vitro

AIM: To explore a new method of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Bone marrow MSC was cultured with DMEM media (10% fetal calf serum) 4-6 passages, and induced by HGF (10 μg/L) for 30 d. Automatical beating of the differentiated cells was observed daily with transverse microscopy, or under condition of 0.1% isoproterenol or cal-cium-deprived incubation. Specific cardiac myosin in the cells was indentified by immunochemistry. RESULTS: At 14-20 d of differentiation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells formed clones, in 10%-50% of which spontaneous beating cell-mass had come to continuously exist. Isoproterenol increased the beating rate and calcium-deprived media inhibited the beating. The cells were identified to be cardiomyocytes by expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain. CONCLUSION: HGF may induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes with high efficiency, but the differentiating pathway of stem cells remains to be further studied.     

水泡性口炎病毒人工感染小白鼠的组织学和免疫组织化学观察

水泡性口炎病毒（VSV）具有广泛的宿主范围，临床血清学调查发现，许多动物表现为血清阳性[1]，可以感染多种试验动物和禽类。感染动物大多数表现为阴性感染和持续性感染，本试验以小白鼠为攻毒对象，探讨VSV在体内的致病作用，进一步了解病毒在机体内的分布及其所引起的组织病理学变化。     

Cell direct reprogramming：a new technique for treating diabetes

Diabetes is characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency in β-cell mass, which cannot be reversed with existing therapeutic strategies. The restoration of the endogenous islet β-cells can stabilize the level of blood glucose. The islet β-cells can be obtained from the directional differentiation of stem cells, but the process is complex and has the risk of teratomas generation. Cell direct reprogramming, one terminal differentiated cell can transdifferentiate into another kind of terminal differentiated cell, which is other than directional differentiation from stem cells. Direct reprogramming gives rise to the generation of islet β-cells from one terminal differentiated cell, may be preferable for diabetes therapy because of its unique advantage.     

ABA、H_2O_2与NO供体硝普钠对基因表达以及枣果发育的影响

枣在成熟期间遇到连阴雨天气会发生严重的裂果现象,这种基于基因表达的生理病害的发生与非生物或生物胁迫有关。以吕梁当地木枣为试材,在木枣成熟期,采用改良CTAB法检测组织中DNA纯度及含量的变化,研究ABA、H2O2与NO供体硝普钠(SNP)在枣果发育中对基因表达的影响。结果表明:ABA、H2O2与NO供体硝普纳(SNP)对枣果发育中DNA纯度及含量的影响不一,差异较为明显。其中不同浓度的ABA处理枣果组织中DNA的OD260/OD280比值基本不在1.700~1.900范围内,DNA纯度差异明显。但样品DNA含量较高,其值在1 200ng/μL左右;H2O2和SNP处理样品DNA的OD260/OD280比值基本上在1.700~1.900之间,DNA纯度较高。样品DNA含量基本上小于或在1 000ng/μL左右。外源ABA较为明显地干扰了基因表达,诱导了新蛋白质、RNA和酚类物质等的生物合成,有促进木枣果发育的趋势;而H2O2和NO供体硝普钠(SNP)对基因表达或枣果发育的影响不十分明显。     

复合吸附剂对AFB_1和DON暴露鸡血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在通过复合吸附剂(CA)对禽体内黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的吸附作用,根据血清生化指标变化,研究其对霉菌毒素污染的脱毒效果。选取120羽7日龄体质量接近的健康雏鸡,随机分成4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,其中对照组饲喂正常饲料,试验Ⅰ组饲喂霉变饲料,试验Ⅱ组饲喂正常饲料+0.5%CA,试验Ⅲ组饲喂霉变饲料+0.5%CA。试验期为21d。所有鸡只分别在7、28日龄进行称重,试验结束时,经鸡翅静脉采血,测定血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱基磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)活性;同时,每组选取5只鸡剖检,观察脏器病变,取肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊,计算脏器系数。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组雏鸡肝脏、肾脏、脾脏脏器系数显著升高(P0.05),胸腺和法氏囊脏器系数显著降低(P0.05),血清TP和ALB含量显著下降(P0.05),ALT、ALP、LDH和MDA活性显著升高(P0.05),SOD活性显著降低(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的脏器系数显著降低(P0.05),TP和ALB的含量显著提高(P0.05),ALT、ALP和MDA的活性显著降低(P0.05),SOD活性显著升高(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组的脏器系数及生化指标与对照组相比差异均不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,CA对AFB1和DON有良好的吸附作用,可用于饲料中霉菌毒素的脱毒。     

松茸多糖对缓解运动员有氧运动疲劳恢复应用研究

通过分析松茸多糖对有氧运动所产生的一系列良好效果,进行松茸多糖对运动员疲劳恢复的相关研究,松茸多糖主要涉及到运动员运动过程当中,其机体所产生的血清尿素(BU)含量、血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、血清肌酸激酶(CK)、血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性的变化。相关研究结果表明,松茸多糖能够对此起到良好的修复作用,有效抑制运动过后所产生的骨骼肌损伤,增强运动员机体抗氧化能力,从而达到恢复疲劳的作用。     

被动式电子标签在监测高原鼢鼠种群生态变化中的应用

地下啮齿动物种群生态学研究经常需要对动物个体进行标记,而传统的剪耳、剪趾标记法会造成动物伤害、影响动物行为等,与动物福利相悖。利用PIT标签于2014年秋季在祁连山东段标记高原鼢鼠30只,研究高原鼢鼠种群密度及越冬后体重、体长和尾长变化。结果表明,样地内高原鼢鼠估算种群密度为44只/hm2;越冬后高原鼢鼠平均体重为222.07g,显著高于越冬前平均体重193.74g,平均体长为19.4cm,显著高于越冬前平均体长18cm;雌性与雄性的体重增长率无显著性差异(P0.05)。被动式电子标签同时可适用于地下啮齿动物的种群生态学研究,是地下啮齿动物种群生态学研究中的一项新型技术手段。     

茶叶生产格局演变及空间集聚效应研究——以广东省为例

明确茶叶生产格局的演变特征和集聚效应,对广东省茶叶产业规划布局具有重要意义。引入空间重心模型,运用GIS技术和空间自相关分析方法分析广东省茶叶生产格局的演变过程、演变特征,采用空间自相关分析探究茶叶生产的空间集聚效应,研究结果表明：（1）1992—2017年广东省茶叶种植面积和茶叶产量稳步提升,2008年以后增速较为明显;（2）茶叶生产空间差异明显。粤北和粤东地区茶叶种植总面积占到广东全省的85%以上,茶叶产量占到83%以上,粤西和珠三角缩减较为明显;（3）广东省茶叶生产重心具有整体向东偏北迁移的趋势。茶园面积和茶叶产量重心的东移反映出广东省茶叶生产已呈现逐渐向粤东和粤北地区集聚的态势;（4）广东省茶叶生产空间极化和空间溢出作用显著,已经形成了以饶平、潮安、大埔、丰顺、五华、兴宁、英德、东源等县区的茶叶生产集聚区,构成了广东省茶叶生产的“热点区”,并对周边县市产生带动和刺激效应;（5）地理环境等自然因素是茶园规模扩张的基础,政府的政策激励和支持是茶叶产业形成的重要驱动力,巨大的市场消费力是茶叶产业迅速发展的直接因素,新品种和新技术的应用和推广是茶园面积扩张的重要原因。广东省茶叶生产空间集聚效应进一步增强,应根据地区自然资源、地理条件、种植传统等因素,推进茶叶生产区域集群化发展,提升广东茶叶的市场竞争力。     

全基因组选择信号揭示绒山羊绒毛性状相关的候选基因

旨在对辽宁绒山羊和内蒙古绒山羊的基因组选择信号进行筛选。本研究利用Illumina 50K的山羊芯片，对内蒙古绒山羊、辽宁绒山羊和黄淮山羊进行基因型检测，质控后获得50 010个共同SNPs位点。通过群体分化系数Fst和XP-EHH，以黄淮山羊为参考群体分别对内蒙古绒山羊和辽宁绒山羊进行选择信号检测，Fst和XP-EHH值的top 5%作为阈值。结果，利用Fst在绒山羊基因组中筛选到501个候选基因，利用XP-EHH在绒山羊基因组中筛选到145个候选基因。其中有12个SNPs在绒山羊基因组中受到较强选择。通过基因注释筛选到21个候选基因，包括EXOC4、ASIC2、PCDH9、RHBDD1、IRS1和PDE10A等。这些基因主要富集在PI3K-Akt信号通路、蛋白质消化吸收和松弛素信号通路等。研究结果发现，绒山羊在驯化过程中其基因组很多与毛囊相关的基因受到了强烈的选择。这些发现也有助于更好地了解绒山羊的选择进展，为中国绒山羊品种的种质资源保护和利用提供重要参考。