Hydrological and water cycle processes of inland river basins in the arid region of Northwest China

The increasing shortage in water resources is a key factor affecting sustainable socio-economic development in the arid region of Northwest China(ARNC). Water shortages also affect the stability of the region's oasis ecosystem. This paper summarizes the hydrological processes and water cycle of inland river basins in the ARNC, focusing on the following aspects: the spatial-temporal features of water resources(including air water vapor resources, runoff, and glacial meltwater) and their driving forces; the characteristics of streamflow composition in the inland river basins; the characteristics and main controlling factors of baseflow in the inland rivers; and anticipated future changes in hydrological processes and water resources. The results indicate that:(1) although the runoff in most inland rivers in the ARNC showed a significant increasing trend, both the glaciated area and glacial ice reserves have been reduced in the mountains;(2) snow melt and glacier melt are extremely important hydrological processes in the ARNC, especially in the Kunlun and Tianshan mountains;(3) baseflow in the inland rivers of the ARNC is the result of climate change and human activities, with the main driving factors being the reduction in forest area and the over-exploitation and utilization of groundwater in the river basins; and(4) the contradictions among water resources, ecology and economy will further increase in the future. The findings of this study might also help strengthen the ecological, economic and social sustainable development in the study region.     

Heme oxygenase-1 protects renal function in septic rats via influencing expression of thrombomodulin

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on the kidney of septic rats and the influence of HO-1 on the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) in the kidney. METHODS: Sepsis in rats was developed with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The septic rats were randomly divided into sham group, CLP group, CLP+HO-1 inducer group and CLP+HO-1 inhibitor group (n=18). The plasma levels of creatinine (Cr), cystatin-C (Cys-C), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TM, and the changes of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in each group were measured. Histopathological examination was performed in the kidney. The expression of TM in the kidney tissue was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, significantly elevated plasma levels of Cr, Cys-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and TM (P<0.05), shortened PT and APTT (P<0.05), significantly increased microthrombus formation, and lowered TM expression in the kidney (P<0.05) of CLP group were observed. The administration of hemin lowered the plasma levels of Cr, Cys-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and TM (P<0.05), prolonged PT and APTT (P<0.05), attenuated microthrombus formation, and up-regulated the expression of TM in the kidney (P<0.05). In contrast, ZnPP had the opposite effects. CONCLUSION: HO-1 increases the expression of TM in the kidney and exerts anticoagulatory and antiinflammatory effects, thereby improving renal function in the septic rats.     

柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的表达分析

胼胝质由胼胝质合成酶合成,胼胝质沉积是植物对入侵病原的防御反应。为了探索胼胝质合成酶(Callose synthase,CalS)基因在柑橘中对黄龙病的应答情况,从甜橙基因组中筛选并利用生物信息学分析了柑橘胼胝质合成酶(CsCalS)家族的12个基因。这些基因编码的氨基酸序列与拟南芥中的胼胝质合成酶具有较高的同源性。荧光实时定量PCR结果显示,CsCalS5和CsCalS12在柑橘健康叶片中的表达量高于其他胼胝质合成酶基因。比较黄龙病感病材料和健康对照材料,发现CsCalS5、CsCalS7和CsCalS8在感病的‘砂糖橘’和‘强德勒’柚中均上调表达,可能参与柑橘对黄龙病病原的应答反应。     

苦瓜新品种比较试验

以本课题组选育的苦瓜新品种如玉171、1702、如玉162、1614、1613、如玉136、如玉119、如玉135、如玉146、如玉129为试验材料,以新翠为对照,开展苦瓜新品种比较试验,对苦瓜的长势、抗病性、产量等方面进行调查研究,筛选出高产优质且抗病性强的如玉162、如玉171与如玉119共3个苦瓜新品种,为苦瓜新品种的示范与推广提供技术支撑。     

贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种引选试验

为筛选出适合贺州市春夏种植的紫红长茄新品种,以本地主栽品种瑞丰三号为对照,对引进的奥龙、先锋8号F1、天龙8号F1、丰裕先锋一号4个新品种进行了比较。试验结果表明,奥龙紫红长茄新品种表现最佳,不仅高产,且果形、皮色、色泽等外观品质均较好,早熟性较好,具有很强的抗逆性,比较适合贺州市提供粤港澳大湾区蔬菜市场,可作贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种推广种植。     

李杏混栽园食心虫种类及其种群动态调查

以辽宁省果树科学研究所李杏资源圃为研究对象,利用4种食心虫的性诱剂,诱捕调查圃内食心虫发生种类及其种群消长动态。结果表明,李杏资源圃食心虫发生种类有梨小食心虫、李小食心虫、桃小食心虫和桃蛀螟4种,优势种群为梨小食心虫和李小食心虫。梨小食心虫后期蛾量高峰与低谷难以准确界定,世代重叠现象严重;李小食心虫一年有3个发生高峰期;桃小食心虫一年有2个发生高峰期。桃蛀螟全年只诱到3头成虫,可以忽略不计。     

辣椒新品种博辣艳丽的选育

博辣艳丽是以XL2016-105为母本,以SJ07-24为父本选育而成的一代杂交辣椒新品种。表现中熟,第1花着生节位11～13节,果形长线形且顺直,果长28 cm左右、宽2.0 cm左右,单果质量32 g左右,青果深绿色,光泽度好,老熟果鲜红色;香辣味浓厚,皮薄肉脆,鲜食风味佳;干物质含量高,剁制和酱制加工性能好;坐果集中且连续挂果能力强,667m~2总产量达3959.8kg;商品性好,易栽培,抗病抗逆能力强,适应性广。适宜长江流域地区春夏季保护地或露地栽培;适合鲜椒供应基地或剁制酱制加工基地高产栽培。     

张掖市塑料大棚春茬西瓜品种筛选试验

为获得张掖市塑料大棚春茬西瓜种植的最适品种,通过田间随机区组排列试验,对6个不同西瓜品种进行了比较试验。结果表明:在所有品种中,凯旋2012的光合速率与667m~2产量最高,分别为1.28μmol/(m~2·s)和6.91 t;不同品种产量的高低顺序为凯旋2012特大丰抗88天福2号西农8号丰抗八号(CK)好梦1号;各参试品种可溶性糖含量的大小顺序为丰抗八号(CK)西农8号凯旋2012特大丰抗88天福2号好梦1号;各参试品种番茄红素含量的大小顺序为丰抗八号(CK)凯旋2012特大丰抗88西农8号好梦1号天福2号。凯旋2012产量最高,可溶性糖和番茄红素含量较高,综合品质较好,适宜在河西走廊地区推广。     

乡村振兴战略背景下江西省设施蔬菜发展问题与对策

为加快乡村振兴战略背景下江西省设施蔬菜产业发展,实现设施蔬菜增产增效,以江西省乐平、永丰、高安、崇仁、瑞金和樟树等6个农业大县(市)为例,分析了江西省设施蔬菜的发展现状和存在问题,并提出了科学把握发展方向、积极壮大投资主体等5个方面的对策建议,以期为当地设施蔬菜发展提供新的依据与参考。