红马银花的资源状况及其生长规律的调查研究

目的分析红马银花(Rhododendron vialii)的遗传多样性以推测其濒危原因,为保护和开发利用红马银花提供理论依据。方法利用SSR分子标记技术,对云南省4个红马银花居群共155个个体的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行了分析。结果8个位点共检测到57个多态性位点,平均每个位点有6对等位基因;在物种水平上具有较高遗传多样性(不同等位基因数N_e=2.780±0.166,有效等位基因数N_a=5.563±0.269,Shannon’s信息指数I=1.156±0.057,观测杂合度H_o=0.546±0.038,期望杂合度H_e=0.598±0.025)。AMOVA分析显示：遗传多样性81%来自居群内,19%来自居群之间,并且居群分化系数(F_st)为0.094±0.020。居群内近交系数(F_is)为0.088±0.081;Structure聚类分析将4个居群聚为2组。结论导致红马银花濒危的主要原因是生境遭到破坏,遗传多样性暂时没有受到很大的影响,建议主要以就地保护为宜。     

燃油植物橡胶树籽的开发利用

橡胶树是中国重要的经济树种,广泛种植于云南和海南等热带区域。橡胶籽是橡胶树的重要副产品,其种仁营养价值高;其中,粗蛋白含量约25%~30%,且必需氨基酸组成较平衡;粗脂肪含量为50%,且橡胶籽油成分近似于亚麻籽油,富含α-亚麻酸,其含量为花生油和葵花油的数十倍。橡胶籽中含有氢氰酸等抗营养因子,但经贮存、加热可钝化绝大部分氰化物。可见,橡胶籽及其加工产品可作为养殖动物饲料原料。前期研究发现：水产饲料中添加一定比例橡胶籽饼对鱼类生长和健康无明显负面影响,但高比例添加会对鱼类消化和健康产生一定负面影响,其可能与橡胶籽饼中高含量粗纤维有关;橡胶籽饼中赖氨酸和蛋氨酸含量相对较低,使用时应注意补充赖氨酸和蛋氨酸。橡胶籽油富含α-亚麻酸,是鱼油的优质替代源,可部分甚至完全替代水产饲料中的鱼油。本文综述了橡胶籽产品的营养价值及其在水产饲料中的应用现状,可为橡胶籽的开发利用提供理论基础。     

松毛虫和褐点粉灯蛾寄生蜂名录及疑难种描述

云南省寄生蜂天敌资源十分丰富。从多年采集的松毛虫和褐点粉灯蛾中共育出３５ 种寄生蜂天敌。其中姬蜂科１７ 种, 茧蜂科３ 种, 小蜂总科１５ 种。寄生于褐点粉灯蛾的初寄生蜂和次寄生蜂以及松毛虫的次寄生蜂如胶虫旋小蜂等在国内尚未记录过。除分科列出名录外, 还对其中８ 个疑难种, 作了形态描述。     

规范森林资源流转的对策探讨

随着林改的不断深入,森林资源流转市场日趋活跃,但是各种不规范、不合法的流转现象也随之出现.文章通过调查同安区森林资源流转的现状,分析了存在的问题,提出了规范森林资源流转的若干对策与建议.     

燕麦在法库县种植推广的可行性探讨

介绍燕麦的营养价值及其市场前景,阐述法库县在土质、气候、地理环境、人文环境等方面种植燕麦的条件优势,通过对比种植燕麦与玉米的经济收益,探索燕麦在法库县种植的潜力。     

紫薇新品种淡爪平盘紫和大花淡爪直枝粉

淡爪平盘紫和大花淡爪直枝粉是通过广泛收集紫薇多种源、多品种的种子开展混合种子育苗,采用自然杂交实生选育法选育出的紫薇新品种。无性系遗传稳定性实验结果表明,这2个新品种遗传性状稳定、适应性广、抗逆性强、观赏价值高,是优良的园林观赏树种,在城市景观中已被推广应用。     

东河早藕土壤养分限制因子试验

通过土壤养分限制因子试验,对比了不同配方施肥条件下东河早藕田间植物学性状、生育期和经济性状的差异.试验结果表明,缺氮、磷、钾肥对东河早藕的生长发育及产量形成具有明显的抑制作用,且效果由大到小顺序为氮肥、钾肥、磷肥.针对浙中地区部分土壤缺锌,补施锌肥能促进东河早藕早熟高产.     

喜树碱对番茄灰霉病菌的病理反应

以番茄灰霉病菌为供试菌种,采用电导率法、吸光度法和电镜分析法对经过喜树碱（CPT）处理的番茄灰霉病菌进行病理反应研究。试验结果表明经200 mg/L CPT溶液处理后,番茄灰霉病菌菌丝细胞膜的通透性增加了30.7%,细胞外蛋白质浓度提高了13.5%。番茄灰霉病菌经CPT溶液处理后,还原糖和可溶性蛋白的含量随着处理时间的增长先升高后降低最后趋于平缓,在0～1 h之间增长最快。CPT处理后的番茄灰霉病菌的菌丝畸形,出现膨大或缢缩,菌丝生长点缢缩,细胞中的空腔增多,线粒体增多且线粒体嵴变得模糊,细胞核有降解的现象。     

水稻旱作试种报告

通过引种旱稻95-13-5,研究抗旱栽培水稻效果。结果表明,在盘锦新开农场,7月末至9月初灌水1～3次、灌水总量在80～150m3/667m2情况下,施行旱作栽培,可获得625～651kg/667m2产量、生产成本降低100元/667m2以上显著的经济效益。     

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulates oxidant/antioxidant balance in rat with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AIM: To investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in the protection against oxidative stress in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).METHODS: The rat model of COPD was established by cigarette smoking (CS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation. Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, CS+LPS group, CS+LPS+NaHS (H₂S donor) group and CS+LPS+PPG (DL-propargylglycine, an inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase) group. After 30 days, the lung functions of the rats were measured, the histological changes of lungs were observed under light microscope and the pathological scores were calculated. The H₂S level in plasma and the protein expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) in the lung tissues were measured. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were detected to reflect oxidative stress.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) decreased by 24% and intra-pressure (IP) increased by 66% in CS+LPS group. The pathological scores of the lung tissues also increased. Compared with CS+LPS group, no change in the lung function was observed after given NaHS or PPG, but the pathological scores decreased in CS+ LPS+ NaHS group. Compared with control group, the content of H₂S in plasma was increased by 26% on day 16. Compared with CS+LPS group, the content of H₂S in plasma of CS+LPS+PPG group was decreased by 22% after 30 days. Compared with control group, the protein expression of CSE increased, and no statistical difference among CS+LPS group, CS+ LPS+ NaHS group and CS+LPS+PPG group was observed. Compared with control group, MDA content in the lung tissues was increased by 24% in CS+LPS group, the activity of SOD was increased by 47% and the activity of CAT was increased by 52%. Compared with CS+LPS group, the MDA content in CS+LPS+NaHS group was decreased by 21%, and no statistical difference in the activity of SOD and CAT was observed. The activity of SOD decreased by 33% after given PPG.CONCLUSION: H₂S plays a role as anti-oxidant in the rats with COPD. The CSE/ H₂S pathway may be involved in the development of COPD.