商陆抗病毒蛋白在植物抗病上的应用

商陆抗病毒蛋白是指商陆属植物中的核糖体失活蛋白.阐述了商陆抗病毒蛋白的研究历史、意义、种类和理化性质,对病原菌的抗性、抗病机理及其在植物抗病上的应用情况等,并对它的应用前景作了展望.     

Hemin induces and sustains the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between hemin and Erk1/2 activation in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS: Cultured HUVECs were separately incubated with hemin or H₂O₂ for different times. Subsequently Erk1/2 phosphorylation and total Erk1/2 were determined by Western blotting assay. Flow cytometry was employed to determine the cell cycle distribution. RESULTS: Hemin at the concentration of 1-10 μmol/L induced the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in HUVECs, and sustained the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 for three hours. The duration of phospho-Erk1/2 induced by hemin was much longer than that in H₂O₂ control (3 h vs 30 min). CONCLUSION: Hemin induces and sustains the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in HUVECs, which indicates that the effect of hemin on the Erk1/2 activation may be one of pharmacological target of hemin.     

苜蓿冰结构蛋白抗冻活性及功能性研究

以"肇东"紫花苜蓿干草为原料,采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液法提取苜蓿冰结构蛋白,研究了温度、pH值、NaCl及蔗糖浓度不同提取因素对苜蓿冰结构蛋白功能的影响。结果表明:苜蓿冰结构蛋白溶液的冰晶体积小、数量多、形状不规则,具有很好的抗冻活性;对苜蓿冰洁构蛋白的功能性进行测定,随着溶液pH值的增加,其溶解指数、持水性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、起泡性与泡沫稳定性都呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;随着NaCl浓度的增加,其起泡性和泡沫稳定性先增加后降低、乳化性和乳化稳定性呈现下降趋势;随着蔗糖浓度的增加,其蛋白起泡性和泡沫稳定性逐渐增加,而乳化性和乳化稳定性影响不大。     

Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽研究进展

解淀粉芽孢杆菌作为益生菌已被广泛应用于生物防治领域,其产生的抗菌脂肽在植物病害防控上发挥重要作用,具有绿色、安全、高效等优势。该研究从抗菌脂肽类型、抗菌脂肽合成酶相关基因、抗菌脂肽生防作用及抑菌机理、通过突变菌株的选育和发酵工艺提高抗菌脂肽产量等方面对解淀粉芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽进行了综述,同时对其发展前景进行了展望,以期为植物病害的生物防控提供参考依据。     

早熟马铃薯新品种洛马铃薯8号的选育

洛马铃薯8号由“中薯3号x秦芋30号”杂交选育而成。早熟,生育期66d,休眠期中等,51d左右。薯块卵圆形,黄皮黄肉,薯皮光滑,芽眼浅,薯块较整齐,平均单株薯块数2．5个,单薯质量104．72g,商品薯率94．46％,淀粉含量13．6％,VC含量24．4m~100g,蛋白质2．70％,还原糖含量0．19％,较抗病毒病和晚疫病．667m2产量1302．04kg以上,适宜中原二季作区春秋两季种植。     

那氏齐齐发诱导剂对桃果实的影响

以陇蜜9号桃和千年红油桃为供试材料,利用那氏齐齐发诱导剂800倍液在3月底树液流动后灌根,以2000倍液分别于6月初果实膨大期和果实成熟前1周叶面喷施.结果表明:那氏齐齐发诱导剂能够提早果实成熟,使果个显著增大、产量增加、提高果实的可溶性固形物含量,并能改善果实着色,提高果实品质.     

沂州木瓜外植体灭菌技术研究

利用沂州木瓜新长出10 d左右的嫩茎,采用不同消毒剂、灭菌时间对沂州木瓜进行初代培养试验,结果表明,沂州木瓜外植体的消毒在75%酒精10 s和0.1%升汞1.5 min的条件下效果最佳.     

特长果、特高产鲜食线椒新品种苏润001的选育

为适应市场对优质、长果、多抗、专用型的鲜食线椒品种需求,2011年秋以SR1301为父本、SR908为母本选育的杂交一代新品种苏润001,于2018年4月23日获得了农业部非主要农作物品种登记证书,证书编号为(2018)320462。该品种平均株高100 cm,株幅87 cm,鲜椒单果质量24 g,果长32 cm,果宽1.8 cm,肉厚0.2 cm;2018年生产试验前期平均产量为26 553.2 kg/hm^2,比对照8819线椒增产34.5%,总产量为64 918.8 kg/hm^2,比对照8819线椒增产33.3%,产量突出。2015-2018年试验中,苏润001病毒病、疫病、炭疽病平均病情指数依次为3.3、7.1、7.2,比对照8819线椒分别减少24.9%、12.3%、17.0%,适合贵州省春秋保护地及露地高效栽培。     

四川省蔬菜病虫害发生特点及防控对策

近年来,四川省蔬菜病虫害总体呈现严重发生态势、发生频繁且蔓延迅速、抗性风险增大,主要原因不仅与种植结构有关,而且与外来病虫害的入侵以及地理气候环境异常有关。