排序方式: 共有49条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Bodo Schnell 《海鲜世界》2006,(3):66-67
池塘中形形色色的生物在夏季达到了生命活动的高峰。植物在炎热的天气和强烈的阳光下生长快速,并且会开出美艳的花朵,吸引那些以植物为生存环境的动物。您看那蜻蜓,它的变形过程是多么美妙迷人,从生存在水中的幼虫-变为贴附在植物上的蛹-最后成为了一个会飞的昆虫,它在离开水之后依然是您池塘忠实的客人(和捕蝇能手)。 相似文献
2.
Sajad Majeed Zargar Bodo Raatz Humira Sonah MuslimaNazir Javid A. Bhat Zahoor Ahmad Dar Ganesh Kumar Agrawal Randeep Rakwal 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2015,18(5):293-308
Recent advances in sequencing technology have brought several novel platforms for marker development and subsequent genotyping. The high-throughput and cost effective marker techniques have changed the entire scenario of marker applications. The huge genotypic data obtained with next generation sequencing (NGS) also demands analytical tools, statistical advances, and comprehensive understanding to cope with breeding applications. In the present review, we discussed different available marker techniques, their strengths, and limitations. Emphasis was given on software tools, analytical pipelines, workbenches, and online resources available for marker development. Comparison of SNP genotyping involving complexity reduction techniques like GBS, RRL, RAD, and array-based platforms were presented in a view to describe suitability for specific purposes. We found that genotyping by whole genome re-sequencing has great potential, and could be a routine application in the near future with continuously decreasing cost of sequencing. Microsatellites, still a valuable option for breeders, have also advanced with NGS. Here a catalogue of tools for microsatellite evaluation in short sequence reads was provided. The most common applications of molecular marker like QTL mapping, genome-wide association mapping (GWAS), and genomic selection were highlighted. The present review will be helpful for the effective utilization of available resources and for the planning of crop improvement programs employing molecular marker techniques. 相似文献
3.
Molecular genetic mapping of peach 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Summary A project to develop a linkage map of the peach (Prunus persica) genome is underway using an F2 population segregating for several morphological characters and pest resistance e.g., nectarine
(g), weeping shape (pl) and aphid resistance (Rml). The RAPID technique was used to analyse 270 plants. Linkage analysis of the F2 population was performed using the MAPMAKER
software. Eight linkage groups were established and RAPID markers flanking thepl gene were found. 相似文献
4.
Bodo R. Trognitz 《Euphytica》1991,56(2):143-148
Summary The main obstacle in breeding potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) dihaploids is the severe limitation of male fertility. To determine pollen viability assays that correlate well to fertility in crosses, results of five different pollen viability assays were compared by correlation analysis with fruit and seed set characters in test crosses, and to pollen tube growth in situ (PL-test). The methods used were: staining the pollen cells with carmino acetic acid (CAA-test); in vitro pollen germination (PG-test); and detection of pollen staining rates after incubation with fluoresceine diacetate (FDA-test), 2-3-5-triphenyle tetrazolium chloride (TTC-test), and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyle--galactoside (X-Gal-test).The results of test crosses and pollen tube growth in situ correlated with the results of all other assays with the following ranking, from highest to lowest: enzyme activity assays (X-Gal-test, FDA-test, TTC-test), in vitro pollen germination (PG-test), and pollen staining by CAA. The newly developed X-Gal-test for monitoring -galactosidase activity showed the least variation of all assays investigated. Thus, this highly reproducible simple procedure is recommended for male fertility screening.Abbreviations B/F
Berries obtained per 100 flowers
- CAA
Carmino acetic acid
- FDA
Fluoresceine diacetate
- PG
Pollen germination rate in vitro
- PL
Pollen tube growth in situ
- S/B
Seeds per berry
- S/F
Seeds per pollinated flower
- TTC
2-3-5-triphenyle tetrazolium chloride
- X-Gal
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyle--galactoside 相似文献
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7.
G. Bodo 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1960,6(3-4):337-354
Zusammenfassung Es ist bei den Winterweizen-Sorten Hubertus und Austro Bankut festgestellt worden, daß die N-Düngung nur sehr kleine Unterschiede in der Aminosäurezusammensetzung des Weizeneiweißes hervorruft. Es ist jedoch auffallend, daß die meisten dieser kleinen Differenzen bei beiden Weizensorten beobachtet wurden: Steigt durch die N-Düngung der Eiweißgehalt der Körner, so erhöhen sich die Anteile von Prolin und Glutaminsäure im Weizeneiweiß und die Anteile von Lysin und Arginin nehmen etwas ab. Die anderen im Einzelfalle beobachteten Änderungen der Anteile von Histidin, Threonin und Valin kann man nicht als gesichert ansehen, sie bedürfen weiterer Untersuchungen.Wie eine Berechnung des EAA-Index nachOser zeigte, spielen die als Folge der N-Düngung beobachteten kleinen Differenzen der Aminosäurezusammensetzung des Weizeneiweißes bei der Beurteilung der Biologischen Wertigkeit des Weizenproteins keine Rolle. 相似文献
8.
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for coat color in horses. Besides defining coat color classes (gray, chestnut, bay, and black), the phenotypes were also measured quantitatively according to standardized international procedures (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*, a*, b*), where L* describes lightness, a* describes color saturation from red to green, and b* describes color saturation from yellow to blue. The total color saturation was derived from a* and b* and referred to as Chroma. A total of 294 horses from the breeds Lipizzan, Nonius, Arabian Pure Bred, Shagya Arabian, and Gidran were measured at neck, shoulder, and belly. Heritabilities (within and between breeds or color classes) and repeatabilities were estimated using REML from univariate animal models defined separately for gray and nongray horses. For gray horses, the estimated within-breed heritabilities for L* ranged from 0.45 to 0.49 and for a*, b*, and Chroma from 0.09 to 0.52, indicating moderate polygenic effect. For nongray horses, between-color class heritabilities were high (0.70 to 0.85) and within-color class heritabilities were negligible (except for L* measured on neck and belly, 0.21 and 0.34, respectively). Additionally, the importance of L* was described by the relation with the total melanin content of horse coat hair; for gray and nongray horses, a strong negative linear relationship was detected (P < 0.01). The spectrometric measures and the results of this study demonstrate a possible approach to the estimation of the polygenic component involved in coat color inheritance. 相似文献
9.
Falush D Wirth T Linz B Pritchard JK Stephens M Kidd M Blaser MJ Graham DY Vacher S Perez-Perez GI Yamaoka Y Mégraud F Otto K Reichard U Katzowitsch E Wang X Achtman M Suerbaum S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5612):1582-1585
Helicobacter pylori, a chronic gastric pathogen of human beings, can be divided into seven populations and subpopulations with distinct geographical distributions. These modern populations derive their gene pools from ancestral populations that arose in Africa, Central Asia, and East Asia. Subsequent spread can be attributed to human migratory fluxes such as the prehistoric colonization of Polynesia and the Americas, the neolithic introduction of farming to Europe, the Bantu expansion within Africa, and the slave trade. 相似文献
10.
The bacterial isolate GFAJ-1 has been proposed to substitute arsenic for phosphorus to sustain growth. We have shown that GFAJ-1 is able to grow at low phosphate concentrations (1.7 μM), even in the presence of high concentrations of arsenate (40 mM), but lacks the ability to grow in phosphorus-depleted (<0.3 μM), arsenate-containing medium. High-resolution mass spectrometry analyses revealed that phosphorylated central metabolites and phosphorylated nucleic acids predominated. A few arsenylated compounds, including C6 sugar arsenates, were detected in extracts of GFAJ-1, when GFAJ-1 was incubated with arsenate, but further experiments showed they formed abiotically. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of phosphorus in nucleic acid extracts, while arsenic could not be detected and was below 1 per mil relative to phosphorus. Taken together, we conclude that GFAJ-1 is an arsenate-resistant, but still a phosphate-dependent, bacterium. 相似文献