T4噬菌体蛋白的分子改造及其应用前景

T4噬菌体是一种病毒,其基因、结构和生物学特性已清晰,利用各种分子操作技术可以对其进行进一步改造。利用位点特异性诱变,研究T4噬菌体某些基本蛋白的功能;普遍用来进行噬菌体改造的噬菌体展示技术已经成功在T4衣壳平台上展示目的抗原;位点特异性诱变及噬菌体展示技术都可以用于改造噬菌体使其与哺乳动物细胞发生相互作用,也能获得除细菌宿主之外的可被噬菌体感染的细胞;还可在不断发展的噬菌体治疗研究中得到应用。这些噬菌体的改造方法都将会促进疫苗技术、噬菌体疗法和其他生物及医学科学分支的发展。论文对T4噬菌体的蛋白结构、噬菌体展示技术及相关的噬菌体治疗等内容进行了综述。     

八种肉用犬的繁殖性能研究

本文通过对狼犬、鞑子犬、青龙犬、大丹犬、英卡犬、沙皮犬、藏鳌、拿波伦犬等8个品种192只犬繁殖性能研究。发现这八种犬的发情季节多集中在3月份和10～11月份，发情持续时间一般为14d，交配最佳时间为11d。配种次数与窝产仔数间不存在相关。     

基于猪丁型冠状病毒重组M蛋白间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立与应用

猪丁型冠状病毒(porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV)是近年新发现的一种猪肠道病原体,主要感染仔猪并引起仔猪腹泻甚至死亡,针对该病建立快速、准确的血清学检测方法尤为重要.本研究以PDCoVHNZK-04毒株为模板扩增M基因并将其克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建了重组质粒pET-32a-P...     

抗菌肽SMAP-29基因密码子优化及其毕赤酵母表达载体构建

以GenBank发表的绵羊骨髓抗菌肽(SMAP-29)基因(L46854)为模板,选择毕赤酵母偏好密码子,合成SMAP-29成熟肽基因。将合成的基因克隆入pPIC 3.5K载体中构建重组酵母胞内表达载体pPIC 3.5K-SMAP-29,经酶切分析、PCR和测序鉴定证明载体构建成功。表达载体的正确构建为SMAP-29的高效表达和生物学活性研究奠定基础。     

草坪质量的模糊数学综合评价方法

由于国内外对草坪质量评价还没有统一标准,探索建立数量化、多指标的质量评价方法具有重要意义。选择了密度、质地、颜色、盖度、均一性、回弹性作为评价指标进行数量化测定,采用层次分析法(AHP)通过构建权重矩阵,对观赏草坪和运动草坪分别配以指标权重,然后结合模糊数学综合评判方法,给出草坪质量的评价等级。评定结果基本符合实际,表明该方法能为客观评价草坪质量进一步提供理论方法依据,具有一定科学性和实用性。     

靶向口蹄疫病毒IRES区RNA干扰位点的选择及shRNA表达载体的构建与鉴定

以口蹄疫病毒WFL株为试验株,对口蹄疫病毒的IRES序列进行了保守性分析和RNA二级结构预测,推测高度保守的FMDV复制原点区域位于容易被siRNA结合的IRESRNA二级结构的环区,因此,在该区选择确定了2个siRNA干扰靶位,设计并合成能表达其小发夹结构shRNA的表达模板,克隆到含有U6启动子的真核表达载体中,建立了靶向口蹄疫病毒IRES区的siRNA真核表达系统,为进一步研究针对该区的RNA干扰对口蹄疫病毒的抑制作用打下了基础。     

巨型艾美球虫配子体gam82基因的克隆表达与免疫原性分析

提取巨型艾美球虫(Eimeria maxima)南通株(NT株)配子体总RNA,应用RT-PCR技术对gam82基因进行克隆,并对其核苷酸及氨基酸进行序列分析.结果表明,克隆的基因全长为1 791个核苷酸,具有一个完整的开放阅读框,编码596个氨基酸,与GenBank中发表的Houghton株gam82基因同源性为100%.根据对推导的氨基酸序列的二级结构和抗原表位分析的结果,筛选免疫原性良好的区域,命名为gam82-Y,进行原核表达.重组菌经过IPTG诱导后,通过SDS-PAGE电泳和Western-blot检测,gam82-Y基因片段在大肠杆菌中得到了融合表达,相对分子质量约为53 000.可溶性分析表明,融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在.以 E.maxima高免血清为一抗进行Western-blot检测,显示重组抗原gam82-Y具有免疫原性.     

The Effect of Training on Yili Horse 1 600 m Test Results and Heart Rate Variability

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different training stages on the performance and heart rate variability(HRV) of Yili horses and to provide data for reference in the conditioning training of 1 600 m distance Yili horses.【Method】 Eight 3-year-old Yili horses (stallions) were selected as test subjects.A 3-month speed specific performance training program was conducted, and a speed test race was organized in the last week of each month of training, and HRV was collected before, immediately after, 0.5 h after, and 1 h after 1 600 m test race.Among them, the time-domain indexes included the mean of all R-R intervals (Mean RR), the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), the mean heart rate (Mean HR), the root mean square of the difference between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD), the number of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms (NN50), and the percentage of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms to the total number of heartbeats (pNN50).Frequency domain metrics included very low frequency (VLF), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF) and nonlinear metrics:standard deviation (Y) of all R-R-spacing (SD1), standard deviation (X) of all R-R-spacing (SD2).Consequently, the variability of HRV indexes in horses at different training stages was analyzed.【Result】 The race time in the post training period in 1 600 m speed test race of Yili horses was significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05), and Mean RR, NN50 and pNN50 in the middle and post training periods were significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05).Mean HR in the beginning of training was significantly lower than that in post training (P<0.05).VLF and LF in the end of training were significantly lower than that in the beginning of training (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this test, the HRV indexes of 1 600 m test race of Yili horses in different conditioning training stages were analyzed.The outcomes demonstrated that the types of neural activity in Yili horses at the beginning, middle and end of training presented some differences, showing changes of increased sympathetic excitability and decreased parasympathetic excitability, and the horses' athletic performance improved.Therefore, HRV could be considered as an effective tool to evaluate the training load and intensity of Yili horses during training.     

乳酸乳球菌Z-2不同处理方式对鲤益生作用的离体研究

为探究乳酸乳球菌Z-2(Lactococcus lactis Z-2)不同处理方式对鲤的益生作用,试验共设置L. lactis Z-2菌株6种不同处理[活菌及上清液的混合物(mixture of live cells and supernatant,LCS)、无细菌培养上清液(cell-free culture supernatant,CS)、活菌(live cells,LC)、菌热灭活(heat-killed cells,HK)、菌超声破碎(ultrasonic broken of cells,UB)和胞外多糖(exopolysaccharides of CS, EPS-2)]与鲤[体重(47.66±0.43)g]头肾单核细胞体外共培养,检测其对鲤头肾单核细胞的增殖能力和吞噬活性,及孵育液中一氧化氮(NO)和免疫相关细胞因子表达量的影响。结果表明:LCS、LC、UB和EPS-2处理组较之对照组,均能显著增强头肾细胞的增殖能力和吞噬活性,HK处理组仅能显著增强头肾细胞的吞噬活性(P<0.05),其中LC(1.580±0.032)和LCS(1.520±0.058)分别对鲤头肾细胞增...     

生物共生理论对构建和谐社会的科学指导意义

在人类居住的“地球村”里，生存着多种多样的生物，他们之间存在着千丝万缕的奇妙关系，生物共生就是这些关系之一。分析生物共生理念的产生根源，回顾生物共生理论的发展轨迹，对目前人类认识的生物共生现象进行了归类阐述，提出生物共生理论资源对构建和谐社会具有科学的指导意义。