引诱剂对蜜柑大实蝇的诱捕效果

本文报道了采用国际通用的监测技术,利用橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵,在广西凭祥市确定存在蜜柑大实蝇的果园开展了针对性的诱捕;诱捕结果表明,瓜实蝇引诱剂和水解蛋白诱饵能够诱捕到蜜柑大实蝇成虫,且水解蛋白诱饵比瓜实蝇引诱剂诱捕效果好.     

PEG介导的玉米弯孢叶斑病菌遗传转化

为了探索不同酶系组成对玉米弯孢叶斑病菌原生质体制备的影响,建立该病菌原生质体遗传转化系统,采用酶系混合物裂解菌丝体制备原生质体,采用PEG介导方法进行原生质遗传转化,通过PCR和Southern blotting技术对转化子进行验证。结果表明:1%溶壁酶+1%蜗牛酶+1%纤维素酶混合酶系为玉米弯孢叶斑病菌原生质体制备的最佳酶系,可以产生原生质体6.78×106 cfu/mL。用PEG介导方法转化共获得16个稳定的转化子,从中随机挑取5个转化子发现质粒pV2已被成功整合到基因组中。本研究获得了制备玉米弯孢叶斑病菌原生质体的最佳酶系,建立了PEG介导的原生质体遗传转化体系,为开展该菌致病相关基因克隆和基因功能研究提供了一种手段。     

甜玉米玉米螟的发生危害与防治措施

研究了吉林省公主岭地区甜玉米上亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guene)的发生危害和防治措施。田间抗螟性人工接虫鉴定结果表明,甜玉米710A和普通玉米自交系丹340的食叶级别为9级,即高感玉米螟,而单交种邢抗5号和邢抗2号的食叶级别为5级,为中抗型。与普通感虫和中等抗虫性玉米品种相比,取食甜玉米的玉米螟幼虫存活率高3～7倍,发育速度更快,提前约4～8天(1～2个龄期),说明甜玉米比普通玉米感虫。甜玉米比普通玉米及早播比晚播田更吸引玉米螟产卵。田间小区试验表明,化学杀虫剂的防治效果比白僵菌和苏云金杆菌的好,以氯菊酯喷雾防治效果最好,虫孔减退率达90％;其次是杀螟灵颗粒剂、Bt喷雾和Bt颗粒剂;而白僵菌的防治效果较差,喷雾防治效果好于颗粒剂。大田防治效果与小区试验基本相同。同时还分析了氯菊酯防治甜玉米玉米螟的防治策略、防治时期、施用次数等。此外,对Bt制剂作为化学杀虫剂的取代品及与其它生物防治方法协调使用的优点与潜力进行了讨论。     

不同温度下番石榴实蝇在芒果上的生长发育及存活率

本试验在室内17~35℃的固定温度下对番石榴实蝇的生长发育、成虫羽化时间及存活率等生物学习性进行了初步研究。结果表明,在17~32℃,随着温度逐渐升高,番石榴实蝇卵、幼虫和蛹的历期逐渐缩短,但35℃时的历期比32℃时有所延长;在23~32℃,随着温度升高,成虫产卵前期逐渐缩短。卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫产卵前期的发育起点温度分别为12.18、7.13、11.75和12.85℃;有效积温分别为20.16、124.11、155.50和339.09日·度。成虫羽化时间从黎明持续至黄昏,在较低和较高的温度下,成虫大多集中在上午羽化,而在23~26℃下,成虫全天羽化时间比较均衡,在正午前后羽化更多。在20~32℃,从卵发育至成虫的总存活率均为70%以上,17℃时为56.15%,35℃时仅为28.56%。     

Effect of Discontinuous Administration of β -glucan and Glycyrrhizin on the Growth and Immunity of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei

A six-week growth trial was conducted to compare the effects of different feeding strate- gies of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and immunity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei （4.70 ±0.20g）. Shrimps were fed with diet containing glycyrrhizin continuously, containing β -glucan continuously, discontinuously （seven days with diet containing β -gluseven days with diet without -glucan; two days with diet containing β-glucan following five days with diet without -glucan）,     

马正常肢体血流图实验研究

本实验首次采用XLJ—8型桥式血流图仪描记了12匹健康马四肢血流图.结果表明,马肢体血流图描记法是可行的,同时提供了健康马肢体血流图8项主要指标的参考值。本实验的首试成功,为肢体血流图在兽医临床领域中广泛应用奠定了基础.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒相关猪microRNA的初步筛选

本试验旨在初步筛选出与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)感染相关的猪microRNA(miRNA)。采用生物信息学方法预测可能与PRRSV 3′非编码区(3′utr)产生相互作用的猪miRNA,构建PRRSV 3′utr的双荧光素酶报告基因载体psi-CHECK-utr,同时合成预测到的miRNA(ssc-miR-323、ssc-miR-105-1)及其相应的抑制物,共转染猪脐静脉血管内皮细胞系(SUVEC),检测双荧光素酶活性。结果发现,ssc-miR-323与psiCHECK-utr共转染后,荧光比率略有升高,ssc-miR-105-1与psiCHECK-utr共转染后,荧光比率降低。初步判定ssc-miR-323对PRRSV 3′utr没有抑制作用,而ssc-miR-105-1对PRRSV3′utr有一定的抑制作用。     

The 16MΔvjbR as an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate for differentiation between Brucella vaccination and infection

Brucellosis brings great economic burdens for developing countries. Live attenuated vaccines are the most efficient means for prevention and control of animal Brucellosis. However, the difficulties of differentiating of infection from vaccine immunization, which is essential for eradication programs, limit their applications. Therefore, the development of a vaccine that could differentiate infection from immunization will overcome the limitations and get extensive application. VjbR is a quorum sensing regulator involving in Brucella's intracellular survival. The vjbR∷Tn5 mutants have been proven effective against wild type strain challenge, implying its possibility of use in vaccine candidate development. To further evaluate this candidate gene, in the present study, the antigenicity of purified recombinant VjbR protein was analyzed. Antibodies to Brucella melitensis VjbR could be detected in sera from patients and animals with brucellosis but not in control ones, implying the potential use of this protein as a diagnostic antigen. Then a vjbR mutant of B. melitensis 16M was constructed by replacing the vjbR with kanamycin gene. The mutant showed reduced survival in macrophage and mice. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with 16MΔvjbR conferred significant protective immunity against B. melitensis strain 16M challenges, being equivalent to which induced by the license vaccine Rev.1. The vjbR deletion mutant elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon and interleukin-10. The most importance is that, the use of vjbR mutants as vaccines in association with diagnostic tests based on the VjbR antigen would allow the serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that 16MΔvjbR is an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate against B. melitensis and deserves further evaluation for vaccine development.     

牦牛瘤胃内饲料蛋白质降解率的研究

用瘤胃尼龙袋技术测定了１１种常见饲料在牦牛瘤胃内的降解率。根据饲养水平,瘤胃食糜的外流速度估计为０．０６７／ｈ。测定结果表明,玉米、豌豆秸粉、菜籽饼、豌豆、鱼粉、曲拉、肉骨粉、青稞、甲醛鱼粉、甲醛菜籽饼和麸皮的粗蛋白（ＣＰ）降解率分别为０．６８、０．５６、０．４４、０．８５、０．４９、０．５５、０．８１、０,８３、０．３８、０,４８和０．７９,干物质（ＤＭ）降解率依次为０．６８、０．３０、０．４９、０．７３、０．５０、０,５４、０,５９、０．８２、０．３２、０．４９和０．７４。     

新疆多浪羊FecB突变检测及与产羔数的关系

骨形态发生蛋白受体IB基因(BMPR-IB)FecB突变是影响布鲁拉美利奴和小尾寒羊高繁殖力的主效基因.本研究采集产双羔及以上的多浪羊(Ovis aries)母羊135只及后代羔羊血样共353份,公羊血样211份,利用PCR-RFLP技术检测FecB突变,并分析不同基因型个体母羊的产羔数.结果表明:在多浪羊群体中检测到BB、B+和++基因型,基因型频率分别为0.005,0.146和0.849.B+型多浪羊产羔数均值比++型多0.51只(P<0.01),BB型多浪羊产羔数分别与B+和++型差异不显著.多浪羊群体在FecB位点上处于Hard-Weinberg平衡状态,表明在该位点上没有受到选择的影响.本研究首次在新疆多浪羊群体中发现了FecB突变BB基因型公、母羊个体(1只公羊和2只母羊),揭示多浪羊多羔产生的机理可能与布鲁拉美利奴和小尾寒羊相同,在生产过程中可以根据携带FecB突变的情况开展选种选配,组建多浪羊肉用高繁品系.