华北平原滴灌施肥灌溉对冬小麦生长和耗水的影响

针对华北平原地区冬小麦水肥利用效率低且造成一定的面源污染问题,研究了滴灌施肥灌溉对冬小麦生长、产量及其构成要素、耗水量、水分利用效率、灌溉水利用效率和土壤养分分布的影响。结果表明:滴灌施肥灌溉条件下,2013—2014、2014—2015和2015—2016年冬小麦平均产量为7 120.5 kg/hm2,相比当地产量(6 000 kg/hm2)提高了18.7%,冬小麦穗粒数和千粒质量表现较好,千粒质量平均提高了4.3 g。2013—2014、2014—2015和2015—2016年冬小麦全生育期耗水量平均为387.9 mm。播种期-拔节期降水量占阶段耗水量的比例最大(52%),拔节期-抽穗期灌水量所占比例最大(78%),而抽穗期-收获期土壤储水量的消耗量所占比例最大(54%)。3年度冬小麦全生育期耗水量各组成所占比例表现为:灌水量所占比例最大,为49%,其次是土体储水量的消耗量,占总耗水量的25%,降水量占总耗水量的24%,地下水补给量占总耗水量的比例最小,仅2%。冬小麦水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率分别为1.8、3.9 kg/m3,相比地面灌溉分别提高了38%、95%。养分主要分布在根区0~40 cm土层内,养分利用率高,养分淋失少。因此,华北平原地区控失肥作为底肥,采用滴灌施肥灌溉进行随水追肥,当施肥量为当地施肥量的70%时,可提高冬小麦产量18.7%,穗粒数和千粒质量表现较好。此外,滴灌施肥灌溉可节水36%,节肥30%,提高灌溉水利用效率95%,提高水分利用效率38%。     

萝卜花药培养技术研究

通过单倍体育种途径可快速获得纯合材料,增加有益性状的选择几率,加快育种进程。花药培养是获得单倍体的有效途径之一,已在十字花科芸薹属作物上取得巨大成功。但关于萝卜花药培养的报道极少。以15个不同类型的萝卜品种为试材,研究了花药离体培养中胚状体的诱导及再生。结果表明:基因型是限制花药培养成胚的关键因素,15个品种中,有4个品种获得了胚状体及再生苗。同时植株生长条件也对胚状体的形成产生影响。采用流式细胞仪(FCM)鉴定了再生株的倍性,再生株群体的倍性组成比较复杂,以二倍体为主。     

Analysis on Micro-structure of TiN Thin Film and Polyimide with AFM

The study in molecular morphology is given with a highresolution Atomic Force Microscope AFM.IPC-208B.By taking TiN thim film prepared by magnerton sputtering method and polymide(PI) fibre for examples,the preferenthal growing plme of TiN thin film,the atomic arranges of TiN thin film on the preferential growing plme and the surficial micro-structure can be ascertained form the three-dimensional images obtamed by AFM.IPC-208B.These experiments not only identify small structures of the materials,but also affirm that AFM.IPC-208B holds the precision of atomic level and potential application in micro-structure field,at the same time it establishs the groundwork for the application in micro-process kingdom.     

辅导员在大学生党员素质培养中的作用

大学生党员素质及对建设和谐社会有着深远的影响,辅导员在学生党员素质培养上具有时间上和形式上的双重优势。     

采前CaCl2处理对西兰花采后品质的影响

为探讨采前CaCl2处理对西兰花采后品质的影响,以"苏青6号"西兰花为试验材料,通过测定各生理生化指标,研究采前CaCl2处理对西兰花运输中的保鲜效果.结果表明:10 mmol/L CaCl2溶液能有效地延长西兰花的货架寿命.CaCl2通过抑制叶绿素酶活性来延缓叶绿素的降解,维持其表观绿色,抑制了呼吸强度、过氧化物酶和a*、b*值的增加,提高了总酚含量和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶活性,保持了较高的DPPH自由基清除能力、VC、总硫代葡萄糖苷和异硫氰酸酯含量,减少了丙二醛的积累.采后24 h难以实现预冷时,采前10 mmol/L CaCl2溶液处理可有效抑制采后西兰花品质劣变.     

玉米抗旱品种筛选鉴定研究

三点抗旱区域试验结果显示,在完全雨养的条件下,京科521、京单28、ZX584、京科25、郑单958、先玉335等表现良好,产量较为突出,抽雄吐丝期间隔一般在3～4 d,产量多在9000～10 500 kg/hm2,如京科521平均产量为10 305 kg/hm2,较农大108增产16.1%,最高产量可达11 263.5 kg/hm2,较对照农大108增产26.86%.ZX584三点平均产量9550.5 kg/hm2,较农大108增产7.61%.京单28平均产量9591 kg/hm2,较农大108增产8.06%.株高和稳位显著正相关,相关系数达到0.8542.保绿性和产量不相关,相关系数为-0.040 5,穗长和产量负相关,相关系数为-0.427 3,但相关不显著.ASI值(出苗-吐丝间隔)和出籽率对品种产量影响比较显著,均为正相关.     

市场竞争与发展方略

分析新时期我国农机市场竞争的变化态势和农机企业在市场发展中的定位,提出我国农机化快速发展的成长期和结构调整、产业升级的转型期,推进发展方式转变可选择的发展战略.     

Intellectual prediction of a permeability index for blast furnaces

The permeability index for blast furnaces is an important monitoring parameter in their operation. Proper trend prediction of the permeability index is important for good operation. Support vector machines (SVM) combined with wavelet analysis are adopted to build a forecasting model. Four historic values of a permeability index are analyzed by a wavelet analysis via seven levels. Based on eight wavelet analyzed values and combined with operating parameters, eight sub models are built using the least square support vector machines method. The prediction components are reconstructed to obtain a forecast. The details of modeling, validation and result analyses are presented.     

Experimental research on heating performance of jetting mixing low pressure heaters

This paper conducts the experimental study on the performance of steam water two phase flow device composed by a nozzle,mixing chamber and the corresponding valves when the inlet steam pressure is in the range of 0.18~0.22 MPa．The experimental results show that the injector can run stably and reliably and the temperature of outlet water is increased obviously in low inlet steam pressure．This characteristics can be used as effective heaters in the engineering fields such as power plants,heating,the light industry, etc． When a single stage ejector can not meet the requirements of heating conditions, double stage ejectors can be used.     

Optimum Planting System for Energy Saving and Healthy Demanded

It is proved that planting is effective to improve environment both indoor and outdoor resulted from the functions of plants to clean air and save energy. So the contradiction between saving energy and comfort,healthy demanded by people can be solved by planting. The planting have being emphasized and expanded during recent years,but in the planting plan,just the function of beautifying the environment is concerned and the function of ecological and saving energy are neglected. The analysis on the ooptimum system of planting is to make the planting system as an organic composition in the effectiveness structure and space layout of the city. Based on the study on equivalent relation of different effects on environment, the optimum system of planting structure will be determined in order to achieve the integrated effects of planting on environment.