云南石榴新记录害虫井上果斑螟的形态学及种群动态特征*

 研究描述了云南石榴新记录害虫井上果斑螟（Assara inouei）成虫的形态特征，并与原始特征进行比较，确定该虫为云南的新记录种。通过井上果斑螟分析成虫种群在不同生态环境下的动态过程，以及不同管理水平对种群数量的影响，得出了非生物因子对井上果斑螟影响效力的初步结果。     

鸡卵巢传入神经元在脊神经节内的节段性分布

将CB—HRP(霍乱毒素B亚单位结合态的辣根过氧化物酶)溶液注入母鸡卵巢内,逆行追踪研究了分布于卵巢的感觉神经元的定位及其规律性。结果表明:①分布于鸡卵巢,经交感途径传入的感觉神经元胞体位于T_1—L_3节段的脊神经节内,峰值在T_6节段。说明鸡卵巢经交感途径传入的感觉神经元的分布具有相对的集中性和弥散性。②脊神经节内的标记细胞以小细胞居多,推测鸡卵巢内可能含感受损伤性刺激的纤维占绝对优势。     

Experimental Researches on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes

The chromosomal number variations & structural aberrations of the MDCK cell line, primary feline or canine kidney cell(FKC or CKC) and Hela cell line were investigated and their karyotypes of conventional chromosome bands were analyzed. The carcinogenesis or tumorigenicity testing of these cell lines in about 232 nude mice and for colony formation in soft agarose and for haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out. Under the prerequisite that the incidence of cancer or tumor in negative-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with primary feline or canine kidney cell cultures purified in vitro at passage 3 was 0 (0/22) and 0 (0/10), respectively. The incidence of the progressively-growing malignant tumor(MT) in positive-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with Hela cell cultures of KB, X, or NM20/X strain was 10/10, 25/25 and 5/51, respectively. The results showed that the incidence of tumor in nude mice with tetrapioid YA strain of MDCK cell during 20 - 45 passages, with hypodiploid JB strain of MDCK cell on passage 25, with di-and hypoploid JC strain of MDCK cell during 2 - 15passages or with hypoploid M strain of MDCK cell during 9 - 27 passages was 28/58, 1/5, 4/18 and 0/31,respectively. The chromosomal analysis results showed that the ratio of difference in the rate of modal chromosome number between high (mcs + n) and lowest (mcs)passages was not more than 5 % - 15 % and the structure aberrations was generally 0 - 3%. These results proved that the genetic characteristics of chromosomal number of cell lines determines their tumorigenicity, but it is species-specific. MDCK line has tumorigenicity no matter what its chromosome karyotype is, at least it has very low tumorigenicity even when its modal chromosome number is hypoploid. The repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of tumorigenicity-positive cell lines(X strain of Hela, M strain of BHK-21, JA strain of Vero, YA strain of MDCK) have much lower tumorigenicity or are even non-carcinogenesis, and the repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of very low tumorigenicity cell lines (M or JC strain of MDCK) are certainly non-carcinogenic and never have increased tumorigenicity.It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB or JC strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA strain can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of comattenuated viral vaccines. In summary, all strains of MDCK cell line have tunorigenicity, at least have low tumorigencity, never have non-cancinogenic MDCK, but very low tumorigenicity MDCK cell strains can certainly be used for the approval production of canine viral vaccines if the DNA content in viral cell cultures was remarkably decreased through conventional means in manufacturing process. Therefore, the master cell stock and working cell bank of MDCK line used for vaccine manufacture were established in China, which are free of infectious agents, and described with respect to cytogenetic characteristics and tumorigenicity. Tests showed that there were correlations among cell line chromosome number variations, anchorage independence in soft agarose, haemagglutination under plant lectins, and tumor-forming ability in nude mice, thus all the in vitro tests are economic, simple and reliable means for monitoring the tumor-forming ability of MDCK line in nude mice.     

基因序列分析鉴定犬冠状病毒分离株

采用双脱氧末端终止法测定了克隆于重组质粒YS1pUC、CI1pUC上的2株因内分离病毒CCV YS1、CI1部分纤突蛋白基因序列．以计算机软件推导氨基酸序列．进行核苷酸和氨基酸序列的多重比较。绘制系统进化树。分析重要抗原位点氨基酸残基的变化情况。预测蛋白质疏水性和二级结构。结果表明：重组质粒中含有571bp的外源基因。核苷酸和氨基酸序列与国外发表的K378等5株CCV相应序列的同源性分别为91．7％--99．4％和92．O％--99．4％。而与猪传染性胃肠炎病毒PUR46株和猫传染性腹膜炎病毒1146株的同源性为90．2％和88．O％--90．O％。A抗原的Ab亚住点上的氨基酸残基与备株CCV相同。不同于其他冠状病毒。由此进一步证明。2株国内分离病毒CCV YS1、CI1为犬冠状病毒。     

The Machine Recognition for Population Feature of Wheat Images Based on BP Neural Network

Recognition and analysis of dynamic information about population images during wheat growth periods can be taken for the base of quantitative diagnosis for wheat growth. A recognition system based on self-learning BP neural network for feature data of wheat population images, such as total green areas and leaves areas was designed in this paper. In addition, some techniques to create favorable conditions for image recognition was discussed, which were as follows: (1) The method of collecting images by a digital camera and assistant equipment under natural conditions in fields. (2) An algorithm of pixei labeling was used to segment image and extract feature. (3)A high pass filter based on Laplacian was used to strengthen image information. The results showed that the ANN system was availability for image recognition of wheat population feature.     

不同种植密度对小麦籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

[目的]研究不同种植密度对冬小麦籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响,以期为河西灌区冬小麦高产栽培制定合理的密植范围。[方法]设计了225万(T1)、300万(T2)、375万(T3)、450万(T4)、525万(T5)、600万(T6)、675万(T7)、750万(T8)、825万(T9)、900万(T10)、975万(T11)、1 050万(T12)基本苗/hm2共12个密度处理,分别运用R ichards模型、一元二次方程模拟了冬小麦籽粒干物质增长过程及籽粒灌浆速率随花后时间的变化情况,并对所建立的R ichards模型进行推导得到基本的灌浆参数,通过SPSS、DPS软件对籽粒灌浆参数与千粒重进行相关、逐步回归及以及通径分析。[结果]不同密度处理间千粒重、单位面积穗数、穗粒数、单株穗数、单位面积籽粒产量均存在显著差异;不同密度处理冬小麦的籽粒灌浆均符合慢-快-慢的"S"型生长特性,用R ichards模型能很好地模拟冬小麦籽粒增重过程,用一元二次抛物线方程能较好地模拟冬小麦灌浆速率随花后时间变化过程;不同密度处理间平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率有较大差异,最大差异率分别为33.98%、22.61%,T7的平均灌浆速率1.26 mg/(grain.d)及最大灌浆速率2.44 mg/(grain.d)均最大,T12的平均灌浆速率0.94 mg/(grain.d)及最大灌浆速率1.99 mg/(grain.d)均最小;平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、灌浆活跃期、灌浆快增期与千粒重显著或极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.628*、0.630*、0.849**、0.739**;通径分析表明,灌浆活跃期对千粒重的贡献最大。[结论]灌浆活跃期对千粒重的贡献最大,河西绿洲灌区冬小麦的适宜密度范围为675万~750万基本苗/hm2。     

刺山柑果实挥发油化学成分的研究

采用挥发油测定器从新疆野生刺山柑干果中提取挥发油,用GC-MS法对化学成分进行鉴定.共分离出57个峰,确定了其中53种化合物,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的94.19%,主要化学成分为 (Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(26.40%),棕榈酸(15.35%),十八碳-9-烯酸(11.41%),1,2-苯二酸二(2-甲基丙基)酯(5.77%),邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(4.41%),2-甲氧基苯酚(2.94%),肉豆蔻酸(2.67%),月桂酸(2.47%),(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸甲酯(2.03%),Z-11-棕榈酸(1.86%),α-吡咯乙酮(1.04%),棕榈酸甲酯(1.02%).以上12种化合物占总挥发油的77.37%.     

双孢菇软包装调味产品的研制开发

以新鲜双孢菇为主要原料，并配以各种辅料加工制得风味独特，营养丰富的即食性软包装调味制品，本文主要对双孢菇软包装调味产品的加工工艺进行了研究，同时对产品质量进行了评价，建立了危害分析关键控制点，为工业生产本产品质量的监控进行了有益的探讨。     

从磴口县生态环境建设与移民工程看乌兰布和沙漠的治理与开发

磴口县沙漠治理与开发有着较长的历史和丰富的经验教训，近年来所开展的生态环境建设及移民工程，对沙漠的扰动表现出了正向与逆向两个结果。乌兰布和沙漠独特的自然环境，决定了其开发与治理必须相互依存，相辅相成，治理与开发要因地制宜，因害设防。     

马铃薯脱毒快繁抗菌污染的研究

分别加入10、20和50 mg/L的氨苄青霉素、硫酸链霉素、克林霉素及利用3种抗生素(20 mg/L)分别和病毒唑(10 mg/L)的配合使用,研究抗生素及抗生素浓度在马铃薯茎尖剥离及快繁过程中的综合影响。实验结果表明在茎尖剥离阶段,50 mg/L的链霉素对细菌的抗性最好;抗生素的不同浓度对霉菌抗性的效果不同,抗生素种类和浓度的互作对霉菌具有抗性效应,以使用10mg/L的链霉素对霉菌的抗性最好,链霉素 病毒唑组合在茎尖剥离时期对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好;在快繁阶段,以使用20 mg/L克林霉素对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好,但抗生素及抗生素 病毒唑的配比措施对组培苗的生根数、黄化率、生根率均有负效应,所以在马铃薯组培快繁阶段的污染控制主要靠控制环境和操作规程来达到。