瓜类嫁接机上苗定位夹持装置的设计

设计了一种新型嫁接机上苗定位夹持装置,可实现嫁接苗的定位、断根和夹取功能。新型上苗定位装置由滑块摇杆收拢机构和夹取断根机构两个部分构成,针对幼苗定位连杆末端需形成包络轨迹将嫁接苗包住的农艺要求,进行机构的数学建模和仿真优化,得到了最佳的结构参数。以“拿铁砧”葫芦苗为对象取苗进行试验,其定位夹持的成功率达93%以上,符合自动嫁接需求。     

钙、钙调素在刺梨果实发育过程中的含量变化研究

为探讨Ca2 、CaM在刺梨果实发育过程中的含量变化,以贵农5号优系为试材,测定其果实发育过程中Ca2 和CaM的含量及可溶性总糖、还原糖、维生素C的含量.结果表明:刺梨果实发育过程中,Ca2 含量前期高后期低,呈逐渐下降的趋势;CaM含量呈波动状态,在果实发育的中前期,与果实发育状况之间成相互响应的曲线变化;果实发育的后期,CaM含量处于较高的水平,与此期可溶性总糖、还原糖、维生素C的高水平相对应.本文还对Ca2 、CaM在刺梨果实发育的不同阶段可能的调控机理进行了讨论.     

学会改革与发展面临的问题及对策

随着社会主义经济体制的逐步完善,改革的不断深化和对外开放的进一步扩大,学会在组织体制、管理模式、运行机制和活动方式等方面,还不能完全适应社会主义市场经济的要求,在综合分析学会存在诸多问题以及面临激烈竞争和严峻挑战的基础上,针对农业学会目前现状,提出了对策,以及今后努力发展的方向。     

AsKC11, a Kunitz Peptide from Anemonia sulcata,Is a Novel Activator of G Protein-Coupled Inward-Rectifier Potassium Channels

(1) Background: G protein-coupled inward-rectifier potassium (GIRK) channels, especially neuronal GIRK1/2 channels, have been the focus of intense research interest for developing drugs against brain diseases. In this context, venom peptides that selectively activate GIRK channels can be seen as a new source for drug development. Here, we report on the identification and electrophysiological characterization of a novel activator of GIRK1/2 channels, AsKC11, found in the venom of the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata. (2) Methods: AsKC11 was purified from the sea anemone venom by reverse-phase chromatography and the sequence was identified by mass spectrometry. Using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique, the activity of AsKC11 on GIRK1/2 channels was studied and its selectivity for other potassium channels was investigated. (3) Results: AsKC11, a Kunitz peptide found in the venom of A. sulcata, is the first peptide shown to directly activate neuronal GIRK1/2 channels independent from Gi/o protein activity, without affecting the inward-rectifier potassium channel (IRK1) and with only a minor effect on K_V1.6 channels. Thus, AsKC11 is a novel activator of GIRK channels resulting in larger K⁺ currents because of an increased chord conductance. (4) Conclusions: These discoveries provide new insights into a novel class of GIRK activators.     

In vitro susceptibility of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae to organic acids and essential oil components

The antibacterial potential of organic acids and essential oil components against Brachyspirahyodysenteriae, the causative pathogen of swine dysentery, was evaluated. Minimum inhibitoryconcentrations (MIC) of 15 compounds were determined at pH 7.2 and pH 6.0, using a broth microdilution assay.In addition, possible synergism was determined. MIC values for the three tested strains were similar. Fororganic acids, MIC values at pH 6.0 were lower than at pH 7.2. B. hyodysenteriae was mostsensitive to cinnamaldehyde and lauric acid, with MIC values <1.5 mM. Most antibacterial effects of binarycombinations were additive, however, for thymol and carvacrol, synergism could be observed. Invitro results demonstrate the antibacterial action of certain essential oil components and organicacids against B. hyodysenteriae.     

低温和维生素E对育成期笼养蛋鸭生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

试验选用健康的13周龄金定母鸭144只,采用2×3两因素有重复试验设计,研究低温及维生素E(VE)对育成期(13～18周龄)笼养蛋鸭生产性能及生化指标的影响。研究结果表明,①低温使日采食量和饲料转化率显著升高,日增重显著降低(P<0.05)。VE水平对日采食量影响不显著(P>0.05),但是显著提高了日增重(P<0.05),使饲料转化率显著降低(P<0.05)。②低温对总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)影响不显著(P>0.05),但添加VE使TP浓度显著提高(P<0.05);低温有使尿酸(URIC)、尿素氮(BUN)升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05),VE水平的提高使BUN浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。③低温使肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);VE水平提高显著降低谷丙转氨酶活性(P<0.05),对其它酶活性的影响不显著,但有降低趋势(P>0.05)。④低温对T3、T4影响不显著(P>0.05),但有使T3升高的趋势;VE水平提高使T3显著降低(P<0.05)。低温使孕酮(P)浓度显著降低(P<0.05),VE水平的提高使孕酮浓度显著上升(P<0.05)。     

不同地理分布区的紫椴形态结构

对不同地理分布区(辽宁凤凰山、吉林长白山、黑龙江宁安、勃利、带岭、新青林业局、胜山自然保护区、内蒙古大杨树林业局)紫椴的宏观形态结构进行了比较分析,结果表明:无论是不同纬度还是不同海拔,紫椴的形态结构数值变化均具有一定的规律;除有花数目与纬度和海拔、叶片宽与海拔不相关外,紫椴的其它形态结构与纬度和海拔之间具有显著的相关性,且多为负相关;紫椴的枝叶、苞片和花序形态结构在纬度和海拔梯度上的变化是不连续的,与遗传距离不相关,说明其形态结构的变化主要是由于环境压力造成的;果和种子的形态结构完全按纬度和海拔距离而聚类,在纬度和海拔梯度上是连续的,说明其主要受遗传因素所影响。     

贵阳市污水源热泵应用的可行性及环境效益分析

介绍了污水源热泵技术的工艺流程,分析了贵阳市污水的基本分布和可利用情况,监测了污水的水温、水量以及主要环境污染指标,并对使用污水源热泵系统后污染物的潜在减排值进行了预测。结果表明,贵阳开发、利用污水热能的条件良好,市内污水完全可以满足污水源热泵的经济运转,具有明显的节能减排效益和环保效益。     

苹果属植物种内和种间无融合生殖能力研究

】根据去雄套袋的座果率,用方差分析法研究了苹果属７个无融合生殖种类的种内和种间差异。结果表明,种间只有小金海棠与湖北海棠、三叶海棠和丽江山定子的差异极显著。在湖北海棠的４个类型中,南坪湖北海棠、盐源湖北海棠和平邑甜茶与丽江山定子差异显著,其余种间差异均不显著。湖北海棠不同倍性和来源的４个类型间无显著差异。     

害虫性信息素种群监测和大量诱杀技术的应用

昆虫性信息素是雌雄虫体交流的一种特异性化学物质,利用这种化学物质防治农业害虫在过去50年已经在国内外广泛应用.性信息素在农业上最广泛和成功的应用就是害虫种群监测及大量诱杀,用于监控和诱捕的性引诱剂产品每年估计有数百万,覆盖大约1000万hm2田地.简要介绍这两种技术近几年在国内外的应用情况,详细介绍不同目昆虫性信息素两种技术使用进展,并总结应用中存在的问题和其发展趋势.