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991.
AIM:To explore the relationship between macroautophagy and Runx2-induced osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells.METHODS:The cells of C2C12/Runx2Dox subline were used in the study, which expresses Runx2 in response to doxycycline (Dox). The cells were treated with Dox (10 mg/L) for 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, and 6 d, and the expression levels of LC3b, Beclin-1, p62, and LAMP-2 were detected at each time point using real-time qPCR. The LC3-I/LC3-II ratio was measured by Western blotting. The cells were treated with different concentrations of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or rapamycin (Rap) for 14 days in the presence of Dox, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured. The cells were treated with 3-MA (5 mmol/L) or Rap (10 μmol/L) for 1 d, 3 d, and 6 d in the presence of Dox, and the expression levels of ALP and osteocalcin (OC) were detected.RESULTS:The expression levels of LC3b and Beclin-1 were dramatically down-regulated during Runx2-induced osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells, and the levels of p62 and LAMP-2 were not changed during this process. The conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II was inhibited. The ALP activity was increased in 3-MA (5 mmol/L)-treated cells, but decreased in Rap (10 μmol/L)-treated cells. The expression levels of ALP and OC were up-regulated by 3-MA treatment and were down-regulated by Rap treatment.CONCLUSION:Runx2 induces osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells by inhibiting the formation of autophagosome through down-regulating LC3 and Beclin-1 as well as inhibiting the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. 相似文献
992.
Niu Y Wang X Chai S Chen Z An X Shen W 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(7):1865-1870
The spectroscopic properties of liposomal curcumin in pH 7.0 sodium phosphate buffer were studied at various curcumin concentrations and temperatures. At 25 °C, liposomal curcumin exhibited much higher values than free curcumin in absorption maximum, fluorescence maximum, and fluorescence anisotropy. When curcumin concentration was increased from 2 to 20 μM, the values of fluorescence anisotropy of liposomal curcumin decreased gradually, consistent with the reduction of phase transition temperature of liposome. This observation revealed that liposomal curcumin can disrupt the packing of phospholipid bilayer and give a loose and disordered structure. On the other hand, as the temperature was increased from 25 to 80 °C, the relative intensity of maximum absorption of liposomal curcumin showed a more pronounced decrease above the phase transition temperature than lower temperatures, suggesting a weaker curcumin protection from the liquid crystalline phase of phospholipid bilayer than the rigid gel phase. However, it was observed that the fluorescence anisotropy of liposomal curcumin had higher values as the temperature increased. This phenomenon was explained as the result of location change of curcumin toward the core of phospholipid bilayer, although the structure of the phospholipid bilayer tended to be looser at higher temperatures. 相似文献
993.
Only a minor part of Maillard reaction studies in the literature focused on the reaction between carbohydrates and peptides. Therefore, in continuation of a previous study in which the influence of the peptide C-terminal amino acid was investigated, this study focused on the influence of the peptide N-terminal amino acid on the production of pyrazines in model reactions of glucose, methylglyoxal, or glyoxal. Nine different dipeptides and three tripeptides were selected. It was shown that the structure of the N-terminal amino acid is determinative for the overall pyrazine production. Especially, the production of 2,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine and trimethylpyrazine was low in the case of proline, valine, or leucine at the N-terminus, whereas it was very high for glycine, alanine, or serine. In contrast to the alkyl-substituted pyrazines, unsubstituted pyrazine was always produced more in the case of experiments with free amino acids. It is clear that different mechanisms must be responsible for this observation. This study clearly illustrates the capability of peptides to produce flavor compounds such as pyrazines. 相似文献
994.
On the basis of glycine-dimethyl phosphite synthesis of glyphosate, a new synthesis approach of glyphosate, without using triethylamine and the establishment of triethylamine recovery equipment, was designed in the laboratory. The environmental pollutants were reduced. The influences of reactant amount (mol), reaction temperature (°C), and reaction time (min) on the glyphosate yield and purity were investigated. The results showed that the glyphosate yield and purity could be 80.12 and 86.31 wt %, respectively, under the optimum scheme for glyphosate yield (glycine consumption, 0.1 mol; dimethyl phosphite consumption, 0.12 mol; condensation reaction temperature, 50 °C; hydrochloric acid consumption in hydrolysis reaction, 0.35 mol; temperature of acidification with hydrochloric acid, 10 °C; adjusting hydrolysis product pH value, 1.0; time of dropping esterifying liquid into hydrochloric acid in hydrolysis reaction, 80 min; hydrolysis reaction temperature, 120 °C; and vacuum distillation time, 90 min), and the glyphosate yield and purity could be 77.92 and 94.94 wt %, respectively, under the optimum scheme for glyphosate purity (glycine consumption, 0.1 mol; dimethyl phosphite consumption, 0.1 mol; condensation reaction temperature, 50 °C; hydrochloric acid consumption in hydrolysis reaction, 0.35 mol; temperature of acidification with hydrochloric acid, 10 °C; adjusting hydrolysis product pH value, 1.5; time of dropping esterifying liquid into hydrochloric acid in hydrolysis reaction, 60 min; hydrolysis reaction temperature, 110 °C; and vacuum distillation time, 90 min). The product structures under the two schemes were confirmed by means of FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and (1)H NMR ((1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). 相似文献
995.
不同氮磷钾施肥量对烤烟农艺性状及养分吸收的影响 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
研究氮磷钾用量对烟草生长和叶片养分吸收的影响,大田试验结果表明,不同水平的N、P、K施肥量明显影响烟株的长势,影响程度N>K>P,综合考虑产量和上等烟比例,以施肥量N 112.5 kg/hm2、P2O5112.46 kg/hm2、K2O 269.84 kg/hm2的N2P2K2处理最好,某种元素不足或过量都会降低上等烟比例。施用适量的氮有利于烤烟中N和K的吸收,而过量50%的N3水平的氮使烟草钾含量降低了11%。磷浓度过高或过低都会降低N和K的积累。增施K肥有利于N和K的积累,其中钾含量最高增长幅度可达37%。随着氮用量增加,上等级烟氮肥农学利用率呈直线下降的趋势,而磷、钾农学利用率在一定氮磷钾用量范围内增加。 相似文献
996.
为明确贵州烤烟棒孢霉叶斑病病原菌种类及生物学特性,本研究采用常规组织分离法对贵州省采集的烟叶进行病原菌分离与纯化,根据柯赫氏法则进行致病性测定,得到两个代表菌株YC1002和YC1104,通过形态学特征及ITS序列将其鉴定为多主棒孢霉(Corynespora cassiicola).生物学特性研究结果表明:病原菌在胡萝卜琼脂培养基(CA)上生长最快,在燕麦琼脂培养基(OA)上产孢量最多,最适生长温度为30℃,最适宜pH 6,菌丝致死温度为52℃ 10 min,光照对菌落生长影响不大.最适碳源为麦芽糖和可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为甘氨酸和苏氨酸.研究结果可为生产上烤烟棒孢霉叶斑病的有效防治提供一定的理论依据. 相似文献
997.
998.
Jin Yang Lizhi Gong Miaomiao Guo Yu Jiang Yi Ding Zhijie Wang Xiujuan Xin Faliang An 《Marine drugs》2021,19(3)
Six new prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloids, asperthrins A–F (1–6), along with eight known analogues (7–14), were isolated from the marine-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. YJ191021. Their planar structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, 1D/2D NMR data, and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT)/ECD calculation. The isolated compounds were assayed for their inhibition against three agricultural pathogenic fungi, four fish pathogenic bacteria, and two agricultural pathogenic bacteria. Compound 1 exhibited moderate antifungal and antibacterial activities against Vibrio anguillarum, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzicola, and Rhizoctonia solani with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, 1 displayed notable anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 value of 1.46 ± 0.21 μM in Propionibacterium acnes induced human monocyte cell line (THP-1). 相似文献
999.
1956—2010年辽阳市霜冻特征分析 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
为了给辽阳市农业生产和防灾减灾提供科学依据,利用辽阳市1956—2010年逐日最低气温资料,采用线性倾向估计法研究霜冻发生特征,并分析霜冻对辽阳农作物的影响。结果表明:(1)辽阳市平均初霜冻日为10月13日,平均终霜冻日为4月16日,平均无霜冻期为179天。(2)初霜冻日随年代表现为阶梯式推后,终霜冻日整体表现为提前,只在20世纪80年代出现推后。(3)辽阳市初、终霜冻日和无霜冻期的线性倾向率分别为1.7 d/10 a、-1.2 d/10 a、3.0 d/10 a,初、终霜冻日及无霜冻期的变化趋势在0.05及其以上水平显著。(4)辽阳市正常年份的霜冻对农作物基本无影响,但在个别年份,水稻成熟前或玉米苗期仍有可能遭遇初霜冻或终霜冻,应注意防范。 相似文献
1000.