神犬护主擒犯立奇功

安娜是一个单身的年轻女子,独自居住在美国拉斯维加斯的一栋房子里,和她日夜相伴的是一头心爱的杜伯文犬。     

城市宠物饲养中存在的问题及对策——以河北邯郸城市为例

随着我国经济水平的发展和生活水平的提高,城市中饲养宠物的数量和种类急剧增加。本文以河北邯郸为例对城市宠物饲养的现状及存在的问题进行剖析研究,并提出了解决问题的对策和建议。     

Morphological relationship between intercalated duct and pancreatic islet in streptozotocin and/or camostat mesilate administrations in the chicken

Present electron microscopical and immunocytochemistrical studies elucidated some morphological relationship between intercalated duct (ICD) and pancreatic islet cells in the chicken in streptozotocin (STZ) and/or camostat mesilate (CM) administrations. Twenty-one chickens were set into four experimental groups: (1) control group, (2) STZ administration group, (3) CM administration group, and (4) STZ + CM administration group. Cytoplasms of ICD cells stained more strongly with eosin in STZ administration group than other groups, and electron-dense materials and intercalated processes between ICD and islet cells were also increasing in time dependence in STZ administration. Number of pancreatic islet in STZ + CM co-administration was about 3.1 times larger than other groups. Many small sized cells were detected at surrounding area of ICD and they incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine better than other experimental groups. Present morphological data suggested that ICD cells might support some tolerances of pancreatic endocrine cells against toxic substances and also involve in regeneration of new pancreatic islet cells in STZ + CM co-administration.     

泽泻对大鼠急性肝脏损伤的保护作用

为考察泽泻提取物对DL-乙硫氨酸(DL-ethionine)致肝脏损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。采用DL-乙硫氨酸(2.0mmol/L)处理大鼠原代肝细胞24h,制备大鼠急性肝脏损伤体外模型。分别以0.0、1.0、5.0、10.0、20.0、50.0μg/mL的泽泻粗提物作用于该模型,测定各组24h和48h细胞培养基上清液中的ALT、AST活性以及细胞裂解液中的甘油三酯(TG)、直接低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(D-LDL-C)。结果表明,添加泽泻的各组细胞培养基上清液中ALT、AST活力明显降低,细胞裂解液中TG、D-LDL-C含量降低,24h比48h时效果显著。泽泻粗提物的各浓度中,以5.0μg/mL为最佳。     

Seroprevalence of subtype H3 influenza A virus in South Korean cats

To investigate the potential transmission of subtype H3 influenza virus to cats, a serological survey was carried out in South Korea. Serum samples (n = 1027) were obtained from 809 pet cats and 218 domesticated cats living in urban colonies (D-cats) from 2008 to 2010, and tested using an influenza anti-nucleoprotein (NP)-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, which was recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health. Anti-influenza virus antibodies were detected in 3.12% and 2.43% of cat sera tested using the NP-specific ELISA and HI test, respectively. Anti-H3 antibodies were also identified when the HI assay was used for influenza virus serotyping. These data may indicate the sporadic transmission of subtype H3 influenza virus from other infected species to cats in South Korea.     

钙锌对蛋用型鸡育成期体组织中矿物元素含量的影响

试验研究了在玉米—豆饼型基础饲粮中添加不同水平锌和钙对蛋用型鸡育成期体组织中矿物元素含量的影响。结果表明,随着饲粮锌水平的提高,肝脏(P<0.01)、肾脏(P<0.05)、胰脏(P<0.01)中锌含量显著升高,而肺脏中锌含量没有显著变化(P>0.05)。饲粮高钙对组织中锌含量的影响未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。饲粮高锌使肝脏磷含量(P<0.05)、肾脏磷(P<0.01)和铜含量(P<0.05)、肺脏钙(P<0.01)和镁含量(P<0.01)显著降低。饲粮商钙使胰脏铜含量(P<0.05)显著提高,使胰脏锰含量显著降低(P<0.05)。     

Effects of Compound Plant Nutrients on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Rumen Microbiota and Fatty Acid Composition of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Finishing Small Tail Han Sheep北大核心CSCD

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound p1ant nutrients (CPN) on rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microbiota and fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e in finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep. Sixteen 4-month-o1d finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep with an initia1 body weight (BW) of (24.18±0.31) kg were random1y divided into two groups, name1y, with 8 rep1icates per group and 1 sheep per rep1icate. The sheep in the contro1 group were fed a basa1 diet, whereas the sheep of the contro1 group (CPN group) was fed the basa1 diet supp1ementation with 3‰ CPN. The experiment 1asted for 97 days after 7 days adaption. The resu1ts showed as fo11ows: compared with the contro1 group, 1) adding CPN decreased the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) (P<0.05); 2) CPN supp1ementation affected beta diversity of rumen microbiota; 3) the re1ative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Lactobacillus, and Megasphaera were enhanced by adding CPN (P<0.05), whereas, the re1ative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Prevotella was 1ower (P<0.05); 4) the supp1ementation of CPN had no significant effect on fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep (P>0.05); 5) the contents of tota1 MUFA, C18:1n9c, C14:1, C16:1, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3 and n-3PUFA in the longissimus dorsi musc1e were corre1ated with the re1ative abundance of Megasphaera, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus (P<0.05). In conc1usion, CPN can regu1ate the rumen microbiota structure and reduce the rumen NH3-N concentration of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep. In production practice, CPN can be used as a rumen eco1ogica1 regu1ator. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

玉米赤霉烯酮对动物繁殖性能的毒性作用及其机制

玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）一种由镰刀菌属产生的次级代谢物,化学结构与内源性雌激素相似,因此,ZEA可通过与雌激素竞争性结合雌激素受体,导致动物机体生殖激素代谢紊乱,诱发生殖器官形变及功能障碍,严重危害动物繁殖系统,解决ZEA污染问题己经成为当务之急。本文对ZEA的理化特性、毒性作用等进行综述,以期为有效缓解ZEA毒性及提高动物繁殖性能、促进畜牧业健康发展提供理论依据。     

家兔Zfx基因shRNA干扰载体构建及验证

研究主要是为了构建出针对家兔Zfx基因的shRNA重组载体及效果验证。根据家兔Zfx基因mRNA序列特征,设计出3条shRNA片段,再与线性化的pLL 3.7载体进行连接重组,最后经过qRT-PCR检测Zfx基因mRNA表达量筛选出有效重组表达载体并通过体内试验进行效果验证。结果表明:试验组shRNA-c和shRNA-f干扰效率分别为74%和67%,与空白对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01);试验组shRNA-e干扰效果为17%,与空白对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。用shRNA-c和shRNA-f进行体内试验,结果显示,两试验组雄性率分别为44.92%(P>0.05)和33.16%(P<0.01)。本试验成功构建针对家兔Zfx基因的重组载体,体内试验显示子一代出现性别偏移,说明Zfx基因对动物的性别决定有一定作用,关于导致体内验证出现反转的原因仍需进一步验证。