不同补饲水平对盘江黄牛放牧育肥效果的影响

选用60头盘江黄牛公牛,随机分为4个组(其中3个试验组1个对照组),在放牧情况下分别按每头每日2.0、2.5、3.0、0kg的水平补饲料料,90d的育肥结果表明：补饲组的增重水平和育肥效益,明显优于不补饲组,其中以补饲2.5kg组的效果最好,其日增重达到0.783kg,比对照组的0.231kg提高239%;育肥收入和日均收入分别为218.79元和2.43元,比对照组的145.53元和1.62元增加收入33.6%,表明放牧补饲能提高日增重,缩短养牛时间,增加养牛收。     

柿休眠芽茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存及植株再生

 对柿 (DiospyroskakiThunb .)休眠芽茎尖进行了玻璃化法超低温保存及植株再生研究 ,结果表明 ,1.5～2 .0mm茎尖在含有 0 .3、0 .5和 0 .7mol·L-1蔗糖的改良MS培养基 (KNO3 和NH4NO3 减半 )上预培养各 1d ,室温(2 0℃ )下装载液 (2mol·L-1甘油 ,0 .4mol·L-1蔗糖 )停留 2 0min ,0℃下玻璃化液 (PVS2 或PVS3 )处理 30～ 4 0min ,投入液氮保存 1d后 ,4 0℃水浴化冻 1min ,含蔗糖 1.2mol·L-1的改良MS培养基洗涤 2 0min ,接种于含 0 .2mg·L-1CPPU、1mg·L-1BA、0 .0 5mg·L-1IAA、5 0 0mg·L-1可溶性PVP、30g·L-1蔗糖和 7g·L-1琼脂的改良MS培养基 (再生培养基 )表面的滤纸上 ,暗处理 1d后转移到新鲜的上述再生培养基中 ,暗培养 1周后转到正常光下 ,成活率高达 70 .2 % ,再生植株生长和分化正常。本研究结果为柿种质的长期保存提供了新途径。     

甘蓝灰霉病防治药剂筛选及田间应用

为筛选对甘蓝灰霉病具有良好防治作用的药剂,采用菌丝生长速率法筛选抑菌作用显著的杀菌剂及组合,并进行田间药效试验.结果 表明:25.5％啶菌噁唑EC、50％啶酰菌胺WG、50％咯菌腈WP、10％苯醚甲环唑WG和75％百菌清WP对甘蓝灰霉病菌毒力较高,EC50分别为0.1356、0.2137、1.1332、5.8642、6.0204μg/mL.啶菌噁唑+咯菌腈(1∶3)、啶菌噁唑+苯醚甲环唑(1∶1)、啶酰菌胺+咯菌腈(1∶3)和啶酰菌胺+苯醚甲环唑(1∶1)对甘蓝灰霉病菌毒力增效作用显著.田间试验表明,上述4个复配药剂对甘蓝灰霉病均具有良好的防治效果,防效均达86％以上,其中25.5％啶菌噁唑EC+50％咯菌腈WP的防效最高为95.32％.4个复配药剂可用于灰霉病的防治,实现农药的减量施用.     

半夏对3种常见农作物的化感作用及其生理机制研究

[目的]从化感作用角度筛选适宜与半夏[Pinellia ternata(Thumb.)Breit]进行轮间作的农作物,为建立合理的半夏轮间作体系提供参考依据.[方法]采用水提法制备半夏地上部和地下部提取液,每种提取液设5个浓度梯度[0(CK)、0.025、0.050、0.100和0.200 g/mL],研究半夏不同部位浸提液对3种主要经济作物玉米(Zea mays Linn.sp.)、萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)和白菜(Brassica pekinensis)的化感效应.[结果]低浓度(0.025 g/mL)半夏提取液对3种农作物的生长整体表现为轻微促进作用.高浓度(0.200 g/mL)的半夏提取液对3种农作物均表现出较强的化感抑制作用,主要表现为幼苗生长受到抑制,叶片中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素合成受阻;光合色素比例调整,整体表现为叶绿素a/b上升和叶绿素/类胡萝卜素比值下降;抗氧化酶[过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]活性和可溶性蛋白含量降低,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量升高.3种农作物对半夏化感作用的敏感程度由高到低依次为萝卜>白菜>玉米.[结论]半夏的化感物质主要集中于地下部块茎中,其化感作用会影响受体作物的光合作用效率及抗氧化系统稳定性;3种农作物中玉米最适合与半夏进行轮间作.     

Study on the Changes of Reproductive Hormone and Regulation of Follicle Development During the Reproductive Cycle of Yili Goose in Xinjiang

This experiment was aimed to study the changes of reproductive hormone and regulation of follicle development during the reproductive cycle of Yili goose in Xinjiang. 2 years old Yili goose were chosen which were in good health and similar weight. 32 samples were randomly selected to take blood samples for hormone detection during the laying, broodiness and ceased periods, and 15 samples were randomly selected to gather ovarian tissue for the observation of the development of ovary and follicular. The results showed that during the laying period, the GnRH of the Yili goose was extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 16.78% and 58.29% (P<0.01);PRL was significantly lower than the broodiness period of 13.00% (P<0.05), and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 28.94% (P<0.01); FSH was higher than the broodiness period of 6.98% (P>0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 21.12% (P<0.01); LH was extremely significantly lower than the broodiness period of 8.38% (P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 16.84% (P<0.01); E₂ were extremely significantly higher than that the broodiness and ceased periods of 29.80% and 112.40% (P<0.01); P₄ levels were extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 28.89% and 30.34% (P<0.01). The ovary volume and weight of Yili goose were extremely significantly higher than that of broodiness and ceased periods (P<0.01). In the laying period, the mature follicles of Yili goose were significantly larger than that of the broodiness and resting periods, the number of secondary follicles was more and the number of primary follicles was lesser. Ovarian growth and mature follicle atresia, granule layer shrinkage, inward depression, cytoplasmic cavity, follicular atrophy at all levels in the broodiness period. The follicle cytoplasmic cavity of the ovary was larger in the ceased period than broodiness period, and inward concave further deeper, a large number of primordial follicles evenly arranged. Thus, during the laying period, the responses of GnRH, E₂ and LH of Yili goose were active and played a leading role on the development of ovarian and follicular. PRL and LH maintained a high level of secretion, cooperated to maintain the broodiness behavior during the broodiness period.     

甘薯抗疮痂病多胺与吲哚乙酸代谢的研究

研究不同抗性甘薯品种受疮痂病菌侵染前后多胺和吲哚乙酸代谢变化结果表明 ,感染疮痂病菌后抗病与感病品种甘薯叶片中吲哚乙酸含量和多胺氧化酶活性降低 ,多胺总量及腐胺含量增加 ,腐胺 / (精胺 亚精胺 )比值升高 ,感病品种变化幅度高于抗病品种。疮痂病菌侵入后感病品种甘薯叶片中绿原酸含量下降 ,吲哚乙酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性升高 ,而抗病品种则相反。     

压力平衡式旋塞阀结构特点及内漏处理方法

西气东输管道干线截断阀的旁通管道节流阀、放空阀,站场ESD放空管道放空阀,大量使用进口Serck Audco压力平衡式旋塞阀。针对站场ESD高压放空旋塞阀内漏故障频繁,常规处理效果不好的问题,分析了进口旋塞阀的密封及压力平衡结构特点,结合现场实践经验提出了注脂处理、解体维修、更换阀门、返厂维修等处理方法。旋塞阀频繁内漏的根本原因是旋塞表面本体磨损、划伤,导致密封失效。现场解体维修中,旋塞和阀体之间的间隙难以保证恢复至原始状态,旋塞经人工打磨很难达到原始匹配精度,多次解体后维修效果可能会更差,因此解体维修应谨慎开展。返厂维修消除了旋塞表面磨损、划伤,经现场试验验证可以解决阀门内漏问题,但国产旋塞阀及国内厂家维修后的进口旋塞阀均需增加旋塞大端泄压孔,才能消除旋塞自锁现象。大端泄压孔与介质流体直接接触,当阀门用于管道介质含杂质较多的工况时,不能避免杂质进入大端底部,旋塞阀的国产化研制应在这方面开展研究。(图4,参16)     

用分子筛组装Bi2O3催化快速测定COD的研究

本文探讨了以分子筛组装Bi2O3代替标准重铬酸钾法中的Ag2SO4，用密封消解法测定废水COD值的可行性，研究了催化剂的用量、溶液的酸度、消解时间及温度等因素对COD测定的影响。通过对各种废水COD值的测定表明，用分子筛组装Bi2O3做催化剂，在165℃，较低酸度，密封消解15min是可行的，并能显著降低分析费用。     

栉孔扇贝急性病毒性坏死症病毒cDNA文库的构建及部分序列分析

急性病毒性坏死症病毒（Acute Virus Necrobiotic Virus,AVNV）已被证实是一种对养殖栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）危害极大的致病病原.本研究应用基因克隆技术对AVNV基因组进行cDNA合成、克隆,并对部分克隆进行序列分析.采用差速和蔗糖密度梯度离心法,分离纯化AVNV.用Trizol试剂抽提病毒RNA,采用随机引物和Oligo（dT）双引物法,SuperScriptⅡ反转录酶合成cDNA,并克隆于pUC118质粒上,利用蓝白斑筛选阳性克隆子,PCR法快速鉴定重组质粒.经筛选得到2个阳性克隆23^#、52^#,插入片段大小约为1200 bp和800 bp.测序结果与GenBank的比对分析显示,尚未有类似的序列报道,提示该病毒可能为一种新发现的病毒.[中国水产科学,2006,13（3）：421-425]     

云南中亚热带禾本科高产饲草引种试验

在云南中亚热带试验点,对8个禾本科饲草栽培种进行引种栽培试验,结果表明墨西哥类玉米、8493墨西哥类玉米、大力士甜高粱、先锋高丹草和M-8IE甜高粱5个栽培种干物质产量高,适应性强,适宜在相似气候条件地区推广种植.