亚热带幼龄果树叶片的矿质营养诊断

采用营养诊断的方法,可以更精确地确定亚热带果树对肥料的需要。把分析叶片中的化学成份与树体的生长和产量的相关指标作为诊断的依据,就可以比较清楚地说明亚热带果树不同发育阶段所需要的营养元素、诊断的对象是柠檬、石榴和核桃无机态营养物质的含有程度。     

Dielectric properties of copper-ethanolamine treated Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.)

In order to clarify the interaction between copper and wood substances in wood treated with copper containing water-borne wood preservatives, the dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss factor ε″ of untreated wood and wood treated with four concentration levels of copper-ethanolamine (Cu-EA) solutions were determined within a temperature range from –100 to 40°C and a frequency range from 100 to 1 MHz. Three dielectric relaxation processes were observed in the ε″ spectrum; among them R-I is based on the reorientation of methylol groups in the amorphous region of wood cell walls and R-II is related to wood extractives. R-III appeared in Cu-EA treated wood, and its magnitude decreases with the concentration of Cu-EA solutions used in this experiment. This relaxation process was considered to be based on the reorientation of copper-ethanolamine-wood complexes in wood cell walls. At low copper retention, the hydrogen in the complex can form hydrogen bonding with adjacent hydroxyl groups, which results in a strong bonding state between copper and wood; at high copper retention, the numerous copper-ethanolamine complexes not only hinder them from forming hydrogen bonding with adjacent wood molecules due to steric hindrance, but also weaken the interaction between wood molecules themselves, which corresponds to reducing ε″ values of both R-I and R-III processes. The results explain the fact of in-creasing copper leaching in wood treated with high concentration copper-based water-borne preservatives.     

中国南部热带植物区系的特点与亲缘

中国南部热带植物区系主要以云南南部、广西西南部和海南热带植物区系为代表 .该文简要分析了它们植物区系的组成特征和地理成分 ,比较研究了云南南部和海南热带植物区系与东南亚的马来半岛和文莱热带植物区系的关系 ,得出以下结论 :(1)中国南部植物区系主要由热带植物区系成分组成 ,热带分布的科和属分别占总科和属数的 6 0 %和 80 %多 ,在热带分布属中 ,又具体以热带亚洲成分占优势 ,显示该植物区系是热带性质的植物区系 ,具有热带亚洲亲缘 ;(2 )中国南部热带植物区系中多于 70 %的科和多于 5 0 %的属与马来西亚植物区系共有 ,并且其优势科中大多数也为马来西亚植物区系的优势科 ,意味着在植物区系分区上它属于热带亚洲或印度 马来西亚植物区系的一部分 ;(3)由于位于东南亚热带北缘 ,中国南部热带植物区系中以边缘热带成分为主 ,是印度 马来西亚植物区系的热带北缘类型 ;(4)中国南部植物区系的热带亚洲亲缘可以从东南亚的地质演化历史解释     

森林经营中的地方分权和权力下放

一、引言 地方分权和权力下放，以及一系列相关的术语(如参与和权力)目前已被广泛用于有关林业政策的讨论中。但是这些术语过去常常被用来描述森林经营的各种方法和过程，并且常被错误地互换。本文的目的是界定这些术语和概念的含义；总结这些概念在实践中的应用方式，并依据已有的经验来指导将地方分权和权力下放这些概念应用于今后的森林经营实践。 二、定义和概念 地方分权和权力下放这两个术语常被互换，但区分二者之间的差别很重要。地方分权可以定义为：将地方的管理职能在当地进行重新分配，这并不一定意味着决策中心的改变或权力的…     

孟加拉涝原地区村林居住的宗教社团偏爱的乔木和灌木树种及使用的造林材料研究

2002年1月至6月对孟加拉涝原地区两个不同的宗教部落(印度教和穆斯林教)的传统家园森林进行了探索性研究，包括印度教和穆斯林教社团对树种(乔木和灌木)的偏爱度、类似性、造林材料及来源、植树地点和间距。研究发现Mangifera indica作为乔木树种，Ocimum sanctum作为灌木树种为印度教社团最喜爱的树种；Artocarpus heterophyllus和Lawsonia inermis分别为穆斯林社团最喜爱乔木树种和灌木树种。两中不同宗教社团选择乔木数种的相同性为86．57％，灌木树种为78．48％。两个宗教部落使用种子和苗木作为造林材料最多。乔木树种的造林材料主要来自家园(39％)灌木树种主要来自自然界(40％)。表3参27。     

Wood Microstructure Effects on Chinese White Poplar Dyeing

In order to study the influence of wood microstructure on wood dyeing, eleven parameters of wood microstructure and 5 parameters of wood dyeing effects for 34 pieces of wood boards from 5 trees of Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa) were determined and the multiple regression analysis between the factors of wood microstructures and the parameters of wood dyeing effects were made. The regression results show that each variable of wood dyeing effects has higher relationship with wood microstructures, and multiple correlation coefficients between each variable of wood dyeing effects and wood microstructures are 0.483 6~0.799 8. The main factors of wood microstructures influencing wood dyeing of Chinese white poplar are proportion of wood ray, proportion of vessel and proportion of wood fiber according to comparing the standardized regression coefficients of multiple regression equation.     

Analysis of Original Causes of Reed Fires in Zhalong Nature Wetland Reserve in Heilongjiang Province

Zhalong Nature Reserve is located in the border areaof Qiqihaer City, Fuyu County, Lindian County andTailai County of Heilongjiang Province. The area ofthe reserve is 210 000 ha. The reserve is the firstnature reserve for protecting wetland and crane inChina. There were more than 300 red-crownedcranes here at the very most. Zhalong Nature Reserveis situated at the Songnen Plain, the lower stream ofthe Wuyuer River. It is the biggest nature reserve inChina that takes crane and wetland …     

生根量和育苗容器形状对白云杉苗早期生长的影响

<正> 一、引言 关于生根量对于针叶树容器苗早期生长的影响问题,安迪(Endean)和卡尔松(Carlson)先生早在1975年曾经论述过。在容器苗生产的培育阶段,生根量很少严重地阻碍到针叶树苗的生长。但随着育苗容器容积的增大,象美国黑松(Pinus Contorta Dougl)、白云杉(Picea glauca Voss)、加拿大短叶松(Pinus banksiana Lamb.)等苗木的干     

对腰果叶面喷施尿素的叶龄、浓度和吸收时间的研究

<正> 腰果的叶面施肥效果,包括叶龄、施用浓度和施用时间等因素,对此进行研究:当新叶刚萌发时,选择生势和树冠均一致的8株树,在萌发后一周对2株树进行处理;叶龄2周时,对选出的另2株树进行了相同的处理。随后在叶龄3周和4周时分别进行相同的处理。取叶片样品分析,发现叶龄和尿素浓度的差异极显著,吸收时间则不重要。根据这项研究,可以认为,在腰果叶龄为3周时喷施4％的尿素有好的效果。     

用树高与胸径估测生境质量

为了精细管理森林资源,需要简便易行、准确可靠的估测生境质量的方法,本研究的目的是根据树高(H)与相应的胸高直径(D)检验估测生境质量的方法.森林生产力是单位时间(年)的材积生产量.是预报资源管理所必须的数据,森林生产力的估测取决于生境类型和时间.与时间无关的生境质量可不考虑林龄进行无偏估计.以往用的生境指数法,把年龄对应的树高值作为生境指数(SI).