Analyses on stress tensor and crashworthiness simulation of an automobile seat

A finite element model of an automobile seat structure is established using Hypermesh. The statics and dynamics of the seat structure are performed through simulation based on GB 15083—1994, which is a motor vehicles seat system strength regulation and te     

Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of High Strength Single Angle Compression Member Eccentrically at One End

To analyze mechanical behavior of Q460 high strength single angle steel struts with an eccentric load at one end in transmission towers, experimental analysis and theoretical calculation were carried out to study the overall stability and local buckling of members. Spherical hinge bearing and double knife edge bearing were applied at axial end of specimens. Influence of some factors on bearing capacity of compression members with eccentricities at both ends was analyzed, such as the end supporting conditions and residual stresses. It was shown that whether spherical hinge bearing or double knife edge bearing was used at axial end, the mechanical behavior can be accurately presented and the residual stresses affected the ultimate load carrying capacity by about 5％ or less. Compared with different methods, such as experiment method、finite element method, method in the Guide for American Design of Latticed Steel Transmission Structure（ASCE101997）and method in Chinese Technical Regulation of Design for Tower and Pole Structure of Overhead Transmission Line (DL/T51542002), it was found that the calculated strength of high strength steel member by standard calculation method in DL/T51542000 was over conservative. According to the research results, the revised formulas of ASCE were proposed with dividing actual material strength by the resistance coefficient of rR=1.111. Therefore, the experimental results can provide reference for designing high strength Q460 single angle steel members compressed eccentrically at one end.     

Effective working areas of the electro hydraulic power impulse

In order to ascertain the numbers of the electrodes (treatment for the sewage) and forecast the grain size property of the cracked mineral, based on the hypothesis of the equivalent effective volumes of one discharge of electro hydraulic power impulse technology, the formulas are worked out for computing the effective working areas of the two common working modes. The theoretic analysis and the results of the experiments of the treatment of bacillus coil liquid and crushing of quartz ceramic show that the results conform to the formulas relatively, and the precision of the calculated data has relations with the polluted degree of the sewage, the intensity, elasticity and dimension of the solid material, and the formulas for computing the effective working areas are feasible.     

Analysis of the distorted scaling factor in wind tunnel modeling of power transmission line system

Because of the limitation of the model making and the existing wind tunnel’s size, it is difficult to keep the line and tower in the same scaling factor in developing the aeroelastic model of the power transmission lines system, and a distorted scaling factor is needed in span length of the lines. With the instance of a 1 000 kV two circuit power transmission lines, the finite element analysis under the along wind load in time history is conducted with keeping the tower in the same and the line scaling factor being 1, 0.5 and 0.25 respectively. The results show that the response of the power transmission lines systems keep in the same, and then the wind induced vibration of the distorted model in the wind tunnel test can actually reflect the response of the power transmission lines system under the wind load.     

Fast algorithm for apparent resistivity calculation based on back propagation neural networks

To avoid the complex numerical calculation for the electromagnetic field and determine underground abnormality, a neural network based method is proposed. In consideration of turn off transmitter current, the effect of a linear ramp turn off current on transmitter is corrected. The characteristics of transient expression and the traditional calculation algorithm for apparent resistivity are analyzed, and a predigest structure of network is obtained based on the kernel expression. The three layer back propagation(BP) neural network is trained by using sample data in homogeneous half space, and its number in hidden layer was determined. The method proposed is compared with two traditional calculation methods with simulation experiments. The result demonstrates that BP neural network has a high speed of processing data and is useful in explanation of the transient electromagnetic method.     

A water quality evaluation model based on AHP and variable fuzzy set

To provide objective and comprehensive evaluation of surface water environmental quality for management and engineering projects a Fuzzy-AHP evaluation model is introduced. Level 1 is comprised of several current evaluation systems. On level 2 variable fuzzy set is introduced to evaluate the accurate grade. The model is applied to evaluate Jialing River (Ciqikou section) and evaluation result is grade III which is reasonable and reliable. The model is well-developed and physically grounded makes use of information of monitoring data more scientifically and comprehensively and provides an alternative evaluation method for water quality assessment.     

Cryopreservation of Queen Honeybee （Apis mellifera carnica） Born Worker Eggs by Vitrification

Many species of insect egg can be targeted individually or （and） collectively for cryopreservation by vitrification. However, there has been no report on cryopreservation of honeybee eggs by vitrification. In an attempt to define a preliminary procedure of cryopreservation of honeybee eggs by vitrification, queen honeybee born worker eggs （worker eggs） were stored through vitrification in liquid nitrogen up to 1 h, and then post-vitrification survival of the vitrified worker eggs in vitro and their hatching rates during maturation in vivo were observed using microscopic and close visual inspections. The procedure of cryopreservation by vitrification included dechorionation with sodium hypochlorite and permeabilization with isopropyl alcohol; equilibration by addition of loading solution （i.e., 25% vitrification storage solution） and dehydration by gradual replacement of loading solution with vitrification storage solution; cooling in liquid nitrogen vapor right before droplet vitrification in liquid nitrogen; and recovery in liquid nitrogen vapor right after storage in liquid nitrogen, thawing at temperature of thawing medium （5% sucrose in TC 100-insect medium） and rehydration by gradual replacement of vitrification storage solution with rehydration solution （5% fetal bovine serum in TC 100-insect medium）. It was found that among the worker eggs experiencing cyropreservation by vitrification, 1.25% of them were successfully passed through the four life stages, viz., egg, larva, pupa, and adult. In summary, it can be inferred that although a majority of worker eggs were dead after cyropreservation by vitrification, a few of them were developed into larvae, pupae, and finally emerged as adults.     

Acoustic emission behavior of shale under four point bending test

PXWAE Acoustic Emission System is useol to investigate the acoustic emission behavior of shale under four point bending test. In these tests, the maximum bending stress, bending strain, acoustic emission hits, acoustic emission energy and etc., are recorded. The results show that when vertical loads impose on the shale sample which has horizontal stratification planes, Kaiser effect does exist under four point bending tests. Kaiser point can be recognized directly from the stress vs. cumulative AE hits curve. But by the impact of shale’s stratifications and local failure during the tests, strain relaxation occur which makes it difficult to determine the Kaiser point only by the strain vs. acoustic emission curve. An accurate conclusion can be achieved by a comprehensive judgment combing with all test data, as well as the failure mode of rock sample. The research on acoustic emission behavior of rock in the stress state during bending tests to some extend can provide guidance to engineering practice for stability monitoring of mine roof or separation layer with acoustic emission monitoring technology.     

Analysis of plastic flow characteristics based on bridge steel 16Mn ratcheting

Abstract:The analysis of the plastic flow characteristics on the basis of the ratcheting experimental results for the bridge steel 16Mn are carried out by calculatig the plastic modulus H and the angle θ between the backstress rate deviator and the plastic flowdirection. The different mechanisms causing uniaxial andmultiaxial non proportional ratchetting are illustrated, that is, the starting and evolution of uniaxial ratchetting is due to the different values of the plastic modulus H at the symmetric loading points with respect to the mean stress. On the other hand, the staring and evolution of multiaxial non proportional ratcheting is driven by H and θ variations. The influence of loading history on ratchetting is the result of the influence of loading history on the angle θ.     

Method of Cable Tension Controlling in the Long span Cable stayed Bridge Construction

In allusion to the cable tension controlling problem in the parallel strand stayed cable construction, on the basis of construction techniques of applying tension loads one by one, the mechanical model of the cable girder tower in the process of construction was established. With the equal cable tension as a goal, the formula was deduced with the method of forward analysis, which could be used to calculate the initial tension of each strand in construction. The effect of temperature variations on the initial tension could be eliminated by using the formula with the method of equivalent tension. Moreover, a method was proposed to measure the cable tension in the processes of construction and performing the function. Finally, the practice in one cable stayed bridge in the north indicated that 1) the uniform cable tension could be obtained by the proposed method; 2) the tension error range of whether a single strand or the whole stayed cable was within 5%, and the result could meet the needs in construction control; 3) the method could provide reference for the similar stayed cable construction.